卵周的

Following the puncture of zona pellucida with two holes by injection pipette that contained donor nuclei or cells, the injection pipette was pulled back to the perivitelline space while the negative pressure was increased in the holding pipette until the polar body and karyoplasm were wiped off completely. Then a reconstructed embryo was completed by the direct injection of the donor nucleus or cell without pulling out the injection pipette.

首先以预先吸有细胞核或细胞的注射针在固定于持卵针上的卵母细胞透明带上穿刺两个孔，然后一边缓慢地将注射针回拔至卵周隙中，一边逐渐增加持卵针中的负压，直至极体与目标核质被完整吸入持卵针中而完成去核，最后在不拔出注射针的情况下直接注射细胞核或完整细胞进而完成重构胚的构建。

KM strain mice immunosuppressed with 7. 5～10mg/L DEX in drinking water had the higher oocysts output and fewer dead than other groups.(4) There was no significant difference infection rate between groups inoculated with different number CSO and groups inoculated CSO with conserved different time. Trial were divided into control, groups of 50mg/kg /d, 100 mg/kg /d and 200 mg/kg /d dose of the drug to study the anticryptosporidial activities of nitazoxanide in an immunosuppressed mice model. The experimental results showed the treatment with 200mg/kg bw /day was significant inhibition of oocyst excretion. To detect the two cryptosporidiums strain C.

实验结果表明：C.parvum虫种能够感染上本实验所采用的BALB／c和昆明小白鼠两种小鼠，而C.andersoni没有能够感染本次实验小鼠；且从小鼠感染后的排卵囊量和小鼠的生存状态来看，采用5～6周龄的KM鼠能获得最大量的隐孢子虫卵囊，小鼠的死亡数最少；每升饮水中地塞米松量为7.5mg～10mg组比12.5mg以上组小鼠死亡数量少，比5mg／L以下组排卵囊数量多；接种不同卵囊数和卵囊的保存时间这两个参数均对小鼠受感染后的排卵囊情况影响不大。

There were also a number of protoplasm body appeared in the perivitelline, especially in the area near the first polar body.

在卵周隙尤其是在第一极体的旁边，有许多原生质球存在。

Methods Using the means of culturing amphicytula in vitro to 2-cell and tubal insufflations to collect the 2-cell amphicytulas, then did embryo freezing, and compared the effect of superovulation of FCB mouse which live for 4~6weeks, 6~8weeks.

对4~6周、6~8周、8~10周FVB小鼠进行超数排卵效果的比较及采用体外培养受精卵至2~cell法和输卵管吹卵法两种不同方法收集2~cell受精卵进行胚胎冷冻。

The cleavation rates and blastocyst development rates of cloned embryos were used to assess the efficiency of different operational procedure. Finally, the best combination of operational procedure, that the spindle-viewer system was used for oocytes enucleating, and donor cell was electrofused into ooplasm by electrical pulse (1.9 kV/cm, 10 ms, two) to reconstruct bovine cloned embryos.

以核移植胚胎的卵裂率、囊胚发育率作为检测指标，对不同的方法所获得的克隆胚胎的卵分裂率与囊胚发育率进行比较，最后筛选获得1个优化的牛体细胞核移植操作程序，即采用Spindle view系统对牛卵母细胞进行去核操作，将供核体细胞注射到卵周隙，然后通过电融合法将供体核引入去核卵细胞质(电融合参数为1.9 kV/cm，脉冲时程10 ms，方波2次间隔2 s)。

Majority of acute leukemias in infant, either acute lymphoblastic leukemia or acute myeloblastic leukemia, posses a chromosomal translocation affecting the 11q23 chromosome region which specifically inoles the mixed-lineage leukemia gene.1-3 Most pediatric leukemias with MLL rearrangement clearly hae a remarkably short latency.1,4 MLL gene rearrangement is also associated with secondary leukemias of patients preiously treated with the topoisomerase II inhibitors.4 The latency of these secondary leukemias is similarly ery short.4 Of note, the concordance rate of leukemia with MLL rearrangement in infant monozygotic twins approximates to 100%,1,4 and identical breakpoint in the MLL gene was shared in these pairs of identical twin infants with concordant ALL.1,4 Moreoer, the unique and clonotypic MLL fusion gene was detectable in neonatal blood spots for Guthrie cards from non-twined indiiduals who subsequently deeloped ALL.1,4 These obserations indicate not only that MLL fusion is generated in utero but also that MLL fusion proteins could be capable of inducing leukemic transformation with few, if any, secondary mutations.2,3,4 Greaes et al speculate that an MLL fusion protein somehow promotes rapid transition to full-blown disease in patients ia ery rapid clonal expansion, genetic instability, or inhibition of DNA damage repair.4 In general, for clonal expansion of malignancies, tumor cells often hae acquired strategies that escape immune sureillance of the hosts.5,6 Immune escape mechanisms also contribute to the failure of graft-ersus-leukemia effect after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.7 Therefore, leukemia cells could acquire some immune escape mechanisms during leukemogenesis.

绪论 绝大多数的婴儿白血病，不管是急性淋巴性白血病或是急性骨髓性白血病，在染色体11q23部位有染色体易位的情况；这个部位的染色体易位牵连了混合谱系白血病基因。大多数具有MLL基因重排的儿童白血病潜伏期明显短很多。MLL基因重排也和经拓扑异构酶II抑制剂治疗后的继发性白血病有关。这些继发性白血病的潜伏期类似地都非常的短。很重要的是，单卵双胞胎婴儿同时患有或同时免于MLL基因重排阳性的白血病的一致性接近100%；并且同样患有ALL的同卵双胞胎的MLL基因的断裂点是一致的。而且，这种独特的克隆特异性的MLL融合基因能够从那些得ALL的非双生个体出生时的血斑标本中检测到。这些发现表明MLL融合基因产生在胎儿还在子宫的是后，而且MLL融合蛋白能过和其他的基因突变一起诱导白血病的产生。Greaes 等推测MLL融合蛋白在某种情况下同过快速克隆增殖，遗传的不稳定性或是DNA损伤修复的抑制促使疾病迅速地全面爆发。恶性肿瘤细胞的克隆增殖通常已经获得了逃避机体免疫监视的能力。免疫逃避机制也归因于异体外周血干细胞移植后移植物抗白血病作用的失效。所以，白血病细胞在白血病的产生过程中可能获得了某些免疫逃脱机制。

After GVBD occurring, the perivitelline space enlarged. Some small membrane structure formed dark dyed area in ooplasma.

GVBD发生后，卵周隙扩大，卵母细胞质中出现多个小的管状或环状物质组成的结构。

In the PbⅠ stage oocyte, perivitelline enlarged further, the cumulus cells expanded and the cell junctions disappeared. On the membrane of oocyte near the first polar body, a no microvillus area was observed, where probobly was the position for the second polar body extruding.

在PbⅠ阶段的卵母细胞内，卵周隙进一步扩大，卵丘细胞扩散，无细胞间连接存在，卵母细胞表面靠近第一极体的部位存在无微绒毛的区域，可能是第二极体释放的部位。

A single donor cell was injected into the perivitelline space of enucleated oocyte and fusion was induced with electric pulses. Reconstructed oocytes were activated using ionomycin (5 M,5min) and 6-dimethylaminopurine (6-DMAP,2mM,5h).

将供核细胞注射到去核卵母细胞的卵周隙，经电融合获得重构胚，再经离子霉素(Ionomycin，5μM，5min)和6-二甲基氨基嘌呤(6-DMAP，2mM，5h)处理激活。

Do not cause decomposition of one ovulation, mature follicles to a certain stage, clearly highlighted in the ovarian surface, with the proliferation of follicular fluid, internal pressure increases, so that more and more prominent part of the ovarian tissue is thin, the final rupture secondary oocyte cells and their peripheral zona pellucida and corona radiata, together with the discharge of ovarian follicular fluid in the process called ovulation.

不排卵原因分解1、成熟卵泡发育到一定阶段，明显地突出于卵巢表面，随着卵泡液的激增，内压的升高，使突出部分的卵巢组织愈来愈薄，最后破裂次级卵母细胞及其外周的透明带和放射冠随卵泡液一起排出卵巢这一过程称排卵。

Neither the killing of Mr Zarqawi nor any breakthrough on the political front will stop the insurgency and the fratricidal murders in their tracks.

在对危险的南部地区访问时，他斥责什叶派民兵领导人对中央集权的挑衅行为。

In fact,I've got him on the satellite mobile right now.

实际上 我们已接通卫星可视电话了