即兴作曲家

His first public appearance as pianist and composer was on 29 March 1795 at the Burgtheater, at the first of the two annual benefit concerts for the widows and orphans of the musicians of Vienna. He performed his Piano Concerto no. 1 in C major, and the story goes that he finished the Rondo only two days before the concert, and as the piano was a semitone flat, he had to play his part in C# major, with its seven sharps.

贝多芬在宫廷及维也纳贵族的城内住宅演奏，他的即兴演奏才能也名扬天下。1995年3月29日，他首次作为钢琴家和作曲家在柏基剧院公开露面，出席为维也纳音乐家的遗孀和孤儿而举行的年度慈善音乐会两次中的第一次。

He incorporated more elements of the contrapuntal style learned from his father than any of his three composer brothers, but his use of the style has an individualistic and improvisatory edge which endeared his work to musicians of the late 19th century, when there was something of a revival of his reputation.

他采纳了他比他的三个兄弟的父亲作曲家教训的对位风格的元素，但他的风格，具有个人主义和即兴边缘的爱戴他的作品对19世纪后期的音乐家，当有一个东西复兴他的名声。

With John Dunstable and other English composers, partly through the local technique of fabutden(an improvisatory process in which a chant melody and a written part predominantly in parallel sixths above it are ornamented by one sung in perfect fourths below the latter, and which later took hold on the continent as "fauxbordon"), the interval of the third emerges as an important musical development; because of the Contenance Angloise("English countenance"), English composers' music is often regarded as the first to sound less truly bizarre to modern, unschooled audiences.

随着John Dunstable和其他英国作曲家在一定程度上通过当地一种叫faburden的技法的运用（这是一种即兴的技法，运用于圣咏的旋律中，下方有一个主要是平行六度的部分，而它们又由一个低于下方的纯四度演唱装饰，这种后来影响了整个欧洲大陆的技法被称为fauxbordon），三度音程的出现成为一种重要的音乐发展，这是因为Contenance Angloise ("English countenance")--这种英国作曲家的音乐常常被未经教育的听众认为是一听上去就不古怪的音乐。

It the accompaniment which creates including the composer and extemporaneously accompanies.

它包括作曲家创作的伴奏和即兴伴奏。

This thesis take the Faure's Five piano impromptus (OP.25, 31, 34, 91, 102) as the object of study, as the background of French culture characteristic and the time characteristic locate which the composer is in , carries on music analysis to these piano works, and discuss the music characteristic, simultaneously, unifies the performance style of French piano music ,and , to share the authors experiences of performance, also have the comprehens...

本文以福雷的五首钢琴即兴曲(作品25、31、34、91、102)为研究对象，以法国文化的特征与作曲家所处的时代特征为背景，对乐曲进行音乐分析，探讨音乐特点，同时结合法国钢琴音乐的演奏风格并通过笔者自己的演奏体会对作品的演奏要点进行综合论述。

The type that has fired public imagination most is thatof the spontaneously inspired composer- the Franz Schubert type, in other words.

喷涌，涌出译文：最能激发公众想象力的是那种即兴灵感型作曲家——换句话说，即弗朗慈舒伯特型。

He is a composer and improviser.

他是一个作曲家和即兴演奏者。

Despite acknowledged genius as an organist, improviser and composer, his income and employment finally became unstable and he died in poverty.

尽管作为一个管风琴，即兴和作曲家，他的收入和就业机会终于成为不稳定公认的天才，他在贫困中死去。

Mozart was known to be able to sit at the keyboard and produce endless variations on a theme; Beethoven was a renowned improviser well before he was a renowned composer; and Chopin was rumored to have rarely performed his own compositions the same way twice.

众所周知，莫扎特能坐在键盘前，即兴演奏出一段主题的无数种变调；贝多芬在成为著名的作曲家前，早已因他的即兴能力闻名；而有关肖邦的传闻早就声称，这位钢琴家面对自己的作品时，几乎从未作过两次完全相同的演奏。

With John Dunstable and other English composers, partly through the local technique of fabutden(an improvisatory process in which a chant melody and a written part predominantly in parallel sixths above it are ornamented by one sung in perfect fourths below the latter, and which later took hold on the continent as "fauxbordon"), the interval of the third emerges as an important musical development; because of the Contenance Angloise("English countenance"), English composers' music is often regarded as the first to sound less truly bizarre to modern, unschooled audiences.

随着John Dunstable和其他英国作曲家在一定程度上通过当地一种叫faburden的技法的运用（这是一种即兴的技法，运用于圣咏的旋律中，下方有一个主要是平行六度的部分，而它们又由一个低于下方的纯四度演唱装饰，这种后来影响了整个欧洲大陆的技法被称为fauxbordon），三度音程的出现成为一种重要的音乐发展，这是因为Contenance Angloise (&English countenance&)--这种英国作曲家的音乐常常被未经教育的听众认为是一听上去就不古怪的音乐。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。