印章学

The countries of the Union agree to refuse or to invalidate the registration, and to prohibit by appropriate measures the use, without authorization by the competent authorities, either as trademarks or as elements of trademarks, of armorial bearings, flags, and other State emblems, of the countries of the Union, official signs and hallmarks indicating control and warranty adopted by them, and any imitation from a heraldic point of view.

1本联盟各国同意，对未经主管机关许可，而将本联盟国家的国徽、国旗和其他的国家徽记、各该国用以表明监督和保证的官方符号和检验印章以及从徽章学的观点看来的任何仿制用作商标或商标的组成部分，拒绝注册或使其注册无效，并采取适当措施禁止使用。

This article according to the characteristic of traditional signature and stamper, combinic the demands of signature and seal in e-Government-affair work information system, inosculates the technology of middleware and e-Government-affair security, makes use of Object Oriented and component technology, integrates correlation knowledge of compositive cryptogram, PKI, seal digital image, ActiveX etc, studies and achieves digital e-signature-seal middleware based on Web which is used in Internet/Intranet environment.

本文根据传统签名、盖章的特点，结合高校、政府等办公信息系统中的盖章签名需求，把WEB安全技术和中间件技术相融合，利用面向对象和组件技术，集成密码学、公开密钥体系PKI、印章数字图像、ActiveX控件等相关知识，研究并设计了一个应用于Internet/Intranet环境中的基于WEB的电子印章中间件。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。