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One route was that the amino-groups on the silica gel were transformed to tertiary amines by Eschweiler-clarke reaction that amine-groups react with formaldehyde and methanoic acid to prepare tertiary amines; the silica gel intermediates with tertiary amine groups reacted with chorohydrocarbons to prepare insoluble silica gel quaternary ammonium salt bactericides. Another route was that the amino-groups on the silica gel reacted with excessive chlorohexadecane; the preparing intermediates were quaternized with iodomethane to obtain insoluble silica gel quaternary ammonium salt bactericides.

一条路线是根据埃施韦勒-克拉克(Eschweiler-clarke)胺甲基化反应，进行胺基叔胺化反应，制成带有叔胺官能团的硅胶中间体，此中间体上的叔胺与卤代烷反应生成杀菌活性官能团季铵盐，制成硅胶类水不溶性季铵盐杀菌剂；另一条路线是带有胺反应活性中心的硅胶与过量正氯代十六烷反应，得到的中间体再用碘甲烷季铵化，得到最终产品——水不溶性季铵盐杀菌剂。

Thus,α,β-unsaturated ketones were prepared by base-catalized aldol condensation between substituted arylaldehydes and acetones. Using iodosobenzene diacetate as oxidants, the resulting α,β-unsaturated ketones will be transformed to β,γ-unsaturated carboxylic acid esters.

以不同取代的芳香醛跟丙酮缩合后可以得到α，β-不饱和酮，再用iodosobenzene diacetate做氧化剂氧化，可以成左卤o到β，γ-不饱和碳酸酯类化合物。

Vehicle headlamp provided with a metal halide lamp comprising a discharge vessel surrounded with clearance by an outer envelope and having a ceramic wall which encloses a discharge space containing xenon and an ionizable filling, wherein in said discharge space two electrodes are arranged whose tips have a mutual interspacing EA so as to define a discharge path between them, wherein the discharge vessel has an internal diameter Di at least over the distance EA, and wherein Di is smaller than or equal to 2 mm and the relation EA/Di is smaller than 6, with the special feature that said vehicle headlamp has not more than one band-shaped light-absorbing coating laterally of the discharge path.

一种配置金属卤化物灯的车辆前灯包括：放电容器，其被外壳有间隙地包围，其具有陶瓷壁，所述陶瓷壁封闭包含氙和可电离填充物的放电空间，其中两个电极布置在所述放电空间内，所述电极末端具有相互间隔EA，因而在它们之间定义放电路径，其中放电容器至少沿着距离EA具有内径Di，其中Di小于或等于2mm，以及关系式EA/Di小于6，其特征在于，所述车辆前灯放电路径的侧向方向具有至多一条带状光吸收涂层。

In this paper, quantum chemistry methods were used to investigate themicrocosmic reaction mechanisms and dynamics of a series of activatenitrogen-, sulfur- and halogen-containing radicals and some smallmolecules in the gas phase theoretically, including isocyanic acid,isothiocyanic acid and ketenyl radical.

本研究论文是采用量子化学理论和计算方法，对异氰酸 HNCO、异硫氰酸 HNCS 及其自由基、乙烯酮自由基 HCCO 与若干气相含氮、硫、卤素的活性小分子自由基反应的微观反应动力学进行理论计算研究。

In this paper, quantum chemistry methods were used to investigate the microcosmic reaction mechanisms and dynamics of a series of activate nitrogen-, sulfur-and halogen-containing radicals and some small molecules in the gas phase theoretically, including isocyanic acid , isothiocyanic acid and ketenyl radical .

本研究论文是采用量子化学理论和计算方法，对异氰酸HNCO、异硫氰酸HNCS及其自由基、乙烯酮自由基HCCO与若干气相含氮、硫、卤素的活性小分子自由基反应的微观反应动力学进行理论计算研究。

In searching for novel and high active fungicides with pyridyl moiety, with Dimethomorph as a model compound and isonicotinic acid as the main starting material, twenty-seven title compounds were designed and synthesized through chlorination, Friedel-Crafts acylation, Wittig-Horner reaction and other steps. All the target structures were confirmed via 1H NMR and elementary analysis.

为了寻找具有高活性的含吡啶杂环杀菌剂，以烯酸吗啉为模板化合物，以异烟酸为起始原料，通过卤代反应、Friedel-Crafts酰基化反应、Wittig-Homer反应等，将吡啶－4-基或2-氯吡啶－4-基引入到模板结构中，设计合成了27个4-［3-（吡啶－4-基）－3-取代苯基丙烯酰］吗啉类化合物，其结构通过1H NMR和元素分析确证。

Dear Lula : you are still my best friend, nothing could change that.

亲爱的卤腊：你仍然是我最好的朋友，啥都不能改变这点。

The asymmetric synthesis of mandelic acid in the presence of a chiral phase transfer catalyst was also studied.

本文研究了由苯甲醛和卤仿在相转移催化条件下合成扁桃酸的工艺，探讨了反应条件，特别是相转移催化剂的种类对反应的影响。

By means of molecular designing, a series of sodium branched-alkyl benzene sulfonates weresynthesized through seven process, involving Frieded-Crafts reaction, Grignard reaction, sulfonationand neutralization. Those isomers have similar structure, carbons of same quantity, but the position ofalkylaryl dissimilarity. Liner fat acid, metaxylene and halogenated hydrocarbon of different carbonnumber were used as the starting materials. Optimum processing condition was confirmed consideringinfluence of a series of reaction factors such as feed proportioning, quantity of catalysts, quantitysolvent, reaction time, temperature and pressure. Eight kinds of isomers of sodium hexadecylxylolsulfonates were finally synthesized, and characterized by FT-IR.

本文通过分子设计，以不同碳数直链脂肪酸、间二甲苯以及不同碳数的卤代烷为原料，经酰基化、格氏反应、加氢还原、磺化及中和等反应，合成了结构相似、烷烃链碳数一定、芳基在烷烃链不同位置的烷基芳基磺酸盐同分异构体；并考察了原料配比、催化剂用量、反应时间、反应温度、溶剂用量、反应压力等一系列因素对各反应的影响，进而确定最佳工艺条件，最终合成出十六烷基二甲苯磺酸钠的八种同分异构体，利用 FT-IR 对产物结构进行了分析。

The comparative experiments of rearing Penaeus vanname larvae fed the microencapsulated diets and micro-partical diets of "OK" brand and a searies of microgranular diets of "Bonasse" brand was performed. Two brands of diets are respectively formulated with rotifera at percentage of 70%, 80%, 90% and 100%. During the nursery period, the water quality factors such as the concentrations of NH3-Nt, NH3-Nm, NO2-- N, COD and main planktons were tested to find out their change regulation and the influence on survival rates and metamorphic rates of shrimp larvae.

本文利用欧开牌微胶囊饲料、微粒饲料和博尚牌系列微型饲料作为对虾育苗饲料，分别以70％、80％、90％和100％的比例与卤虫活饵料配合来培育凡纳对虾幼体，通过对凡纳对虾幼体有关生长发育指标的对比以及对育苗期间水中总氨氮(NH_3-N_t)、非离子氨氮(NH_3-Nm)、亚硝酸盐氮(NP_2~--N)、化学耗氧量和主要浮游生物等水质因子进行检测，找出它们的变化规律并比较上述饲料对幼体生长发育、成活率、变态率和育苗效果的影响。

I am accused of being overreligious," she said in her quiet, frank manner,"but that does not prevent me thinking the children very cruel who obstinately commit such suicide.""

客人们在卡罗利娜·埃凯家里，举止就文雅一些，因为卡罗利娜的母亲治家很严厉。

Designed by French fashion house Herm è s, this elegant uniform was manufactured in our home, Hong Kong, and was the first without a hat.

由著名品牌 Herm è s 设计，这件高贵的制服是香港本土制造，是我们第一套不配帽子的制服。