南极的

The sea ice frozen on polar ocean forms a new interface between the upper ocean and the lower atmosphere. Sea ice plays an important part in the climate and environment system of Earth through its modifying role in radiative and energy balances, prevent the exchange of heat and moisture between the ocean and atmosphere. The salt reject during processes of sea ice freezing affects the ocean structure and circulation. Sea ice also affects the weather and climate at the South Ocean and Antarctic continent.

在极区，海冰的形成在海洋上部和大气下部之间构成了新的交界面，改变了大洋表面的辐射平衡和能量平衡，隔离了海洋与大气之间的热交换和水汽交换；海冰冻融过程影响着大洋温、盐流的形成和强度；海冰对南大洋和南极大陆气象、气候有重要的影响，在气候环境系统中起着重要的作用。

Initially ascends the south pole this snow white snow and ice cover the land, the exploration team members all is attracted by at present the beautiful scenery, however, they slightly had not actually expected, is slowly thorough along with the antipode place, worse weather as well as extremely 凶险 the natural environment will take to them more and more many troubles, even is to the survival enormous challenge.

初登南极这块雪白冰雪覆盖的土地，探险队员们都被眼前美丽的景色所吸引，然而，他们却丝毫没有预想到，随着对极地的慢慢深入，更加恶劣的天气以及极为凶险的自然环境将带给他们越来越多的麻烦，甚至是对生存的极大挑战。

Carbon-14 through the ring inference and reference "polar glaciers source of water theory" on its equivalent billion years of age, and the 2004 Antarctic expedition of 3000 meters from the polar ice-class source of water similar to the water is clean functional effectiveness can not Bacteria, naturally full of "active" role in the trend of high-Tour-organic marine biological activity of the best deep water, natural "green" Need for Water, high value-added applications, will become the 21st century "Water for Life" the new mainstream !

通过碳14的年轮推断和参考《极地冰川源水理论》它相当于上亿年的年龄，与2004年南极科考抽取的3000米极地冰川级源水类似，其水功能功效能是洁净无菌，充满自然"活性"作用的游离子有机态势高生物活性的海洋深层水的极品，自然"绿色"之水极品，极高的应用附加价值，将成为21世纪"生命之水"的新主流！

This paper is a generalization and summation of some new progress in marine chemistry in the recent decade. The principal contents consist of seven parts:1. Oceanological survey. The oceanological survey covered the China Seas, the Pacific Ocean and the Antarctic Ocean.2. Interaction of minor elements and suspended matter in seawater and the theory of in-terfacial stepwise ion/coordination partical exchange.3. Effect of organic matters on the liquid-solid interfacial exchange and the rule of left-righ...

本文对近十年来海洋化学的若干新进展作了总结，主要包括下述7方面：(1)海洋调查，包括中国近海、太平洋和南极等；(2)海水中微量元素-固体粒子的相互作用和界面分级离子/配位子交换理论；(3)有机物对液-固界面交换的影响和S-型曲线左右移动规律；(4)海水化学模型发展的三个新趋势；(5)海水中金属的络合容量和金属-天然有机配位体络合物的条件稳定常数；(6)海洋有机化学和海洋生物化学；(7)结论，对海洋化学发展的四个特点作了分析和讨论。

Based on above studies, some main conclusions were obtained as follows : 1 the diatoms forming mats in low latitude west pacific is"shade flora"diatom Ethmodiscus rex Hendey; 2 the sites found diatom mats are zone distributed, the direction is NW-SE and most distribute in the deep water area with flat seafloor, between 17°N～20°N and the water depth 4837-6150 m below Carbonate Compensation Depth (CCD 3) AMS 14C dates show that the sediments rich in diatom mats occurred during 16.0 ~ 28.6 ka B.P., which means the bloom mainly occurred in last glacial maximum, while there are not diatom mats deposits in other layers; 4 A total of 101 diatom taxa belonging to 40 genera had been identified from the 155 samples in the two cores WPD 03 and WPD 12, and the relative percentage of Thalassionema frauenfeldii are the highest, Thalassionema nitzschioides、Azpeitia nodulifera、Hemidiscus cuneiformis、Nitzschia marina take the second place.

14C年期间，即&勃发&发生于末次冰期最盛期；4在WPD 03和WPD 12两个岩芯共155个样品中共鉴定硅藻40属101种，且Thalassionema frauenfeldii的相对百分含量最高，Thalassionema nitzschioides、Azpeitia nodulifera、Nitzschia marina、Hemidiscus cuneiformis等次之，这五种硅藻占整个硅藻物种相对百分含量的85%左右，说明在该海域表层水体硅藻席沉积过程中，这五种硅藻最容易与成席硅藻在同时期的环境中生存，形成勃发；5MIS3期的晚期，该区域表层海水盐度降低，这有助于该区水体的成层化，从而使&树荫种&硅藻开始勃发，导致&秋季倾泻&；6末次冰期由于南极中层水北扩，南大洋中层水将富含硅酸盐的海水带入了研究区，即南大洋的&硅溢漏&作用，使该区域硅藻得以勃发，同时，铁输入的增多，可能也是造成硅藻勃发的主要原因之一。

The blanket of solid black broken only by countless, diamond-like stars would stay with him until the very end of this campaign, the clear, moonless sky decorated with endless rows of patternless stars his anchor as men died and blood spilled around him in the early morning, as corpses baked in the heat of this southern-hemisphere land, and the cries and swears of nameless victims rang out through the thick of the night.

夜幕沉沉，只有数不清钻石般的星星点缀着，而黑暗将伴随着他，直到这场角逐的最后时刻。没有月亮的夜，无数的星星点缀着晴朗的天空。而到明晨，人们将会在他的周围死去，血流成河，战士们在这块南极大陆上接受血与火的洗礼，不知名的牺牲者的尖叫和诅咒穿透了深深的夜幕。

Now already is on January 2, 2999, universal time 8 o'clock, in the South Pole secret underground conference site, already was brilliantly illuminated; This secret opens cutting is reaching under 2000 meters ice layers thick the conference sites, if deifies the crystal palace, carved completely for the pure ice in becomes, condensed in the worldwide scale artist sweat, and used extremely advanced warm has controlled with the laser image formation technology, caused in the conference site scope the solid ice to maintain the stablest condition throughout and to cause the entire conference site to present the beautiful logical sequence beautiful fresh marvelous picture!

现在已是2999年1月2日，世界时间8点整，在南极秘密的地下会场中，已是一片灯火辉煌；这座秘密开凿在厚达2000米冰层之下的会场，宛若神化中的水晶宫，全部为纯冰中雕琢而成，凝聚了世界范围内的艺术家们的汗水，并采用了极为先进的温控与激光成像技术，使会场范围内的坚冰始终保持最稳定的状态并使整个会场呈现出美仑美奂奇妙的画面！

But the models also suggest that the scheme could go too far: Adding excess sulfur could increase ice in Antarctica,"overcompensating" for warming, says Rasch, which could affect ecosystems and the global ocean-atmosphere system in a myriad of ways that scientists haven't studied.

拉什说：&但是，模型实验显示计划的最终效果可能事与愿违，南极冰层会因为大气层中注入过多的硫磺而增厚，使全球的生态系统和海洋大气系统受到影响，产生这些影响的方式是多种多样的，有可能完全超出科学家们的研究范围，从而造成比全球变暖更严重的后果，让我们得不偿失。&

Detection of a human cause of warming at both ends of the earth also strengthens a need to understand ice sheets on Antarctica and Greenland that would raise world sea levels by about 70 meters (230 ft) if they all melted, they said.

温暖的人的起因的Detection在地球的两个末端也加强需要了解在南极州的冰床，并且将由大约70米的格陵兰(230 ft)提高世界海标准，如果他们全都熔化了，他们说。

There is still no consensus, however, and these two mysteries are just a drop in the ocean, according to Sharon Nieukirk of the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration."We have hydrophones in the Atlantic, the Arctic, off Greenland, in the Bering Sea and in the Antarctic now, and I am constantly amazed at the variety of sounds coming from the sea," she says.

根据美国国家海洋和大气管理局的沙龙·牛克科的看法，他认为对于这个问题，至今还没有一致的意见，然而，以上所述的两种机密也仅是很多解释中的沧海一粟，我们现在在大西洋，北极，在格陵兰岛外面，白令海和南极都有水听器，我对来自海洋里的各种声音总是感到非常惊讶。

And discuss some key point of integrated management system design, include hazard identification and risk assessment and risk control in the occupational health and safety management, the measure of satisfaction target of customer, the flawlessness of law system, the integration of the integrated management system and enterprise standardization system, unify lead institution and work orgnization, integreted internal audit and integrated management review.

同时，论述了一体化管理体系构建中的几个主要问题，包括职业健康安全管理中的危险源辨识、风险评价和风险控制、顾客满意度的科学监测、法律、法规体系的完善、一体化管理体系与企业标准化体系的有机结合、统一的领导机构和工作机构、一体化的内部审核和管理评审。

Deepwater Taranaki is investigated for its petroleum potential, using all available seismic data tied to shallow-water wells.

运用与浅水井相关的现有全部震波探测数据考察了深海区塔拉纳基盆地的油藏前景。