单腔的

In this paper, the quality of unstructured grids generated by Delaunay Triangulation Method and Bubble Packing method is compared by the classical lid-driven square cavity flow solved by SIMPLE algorithm on collocated unstructured grid. The velocity distributions on vertical and horizontal center lines are in good agreement with bench mark, which shows that both of the two grids can be used in CFD.

本文利用经典的方腔顶盖驱动流对Delaunay方法和Bubble Packing方法所生成网格的质量以及基于非结构化同位网格的SIMPLE算法进行了验证，发现两种网格均可用于单相流动的CFD计算，垂直与水平中心线上的速度分布与基准解相比非常吻合并可得到良好的结果。

Then this method was applied to detect the methanol concentration change in the fuel container during the cell's long term discharge. Rough calculation shows that Faradic efficiency of our passive cell system is about 44%.

采用该方法对被动式单电池在长时间放电过程中燃料腔内的甲醇浓度的变化进行了检测，通过实验对此系统的法拉第效率进行了估算，结果表明该被动式直接甲醇燃料电池的法拉第效率可以达到44%。

Studies on basic working principles and designs of fiber lasersThe basic working principles as well as the major characteristics of laser and fiber lasers are firstly reviewed,including the interaction between light and matter, the laser oscillation conditions and the spectrum distribution,the gain characteristic and spatial hole burning effect,the influence of external environment on the stability of laser output and the actual limits of fiber laser bandwidth;The designs of bidirectional single-mode Er-doped fiber ring laser and multi-wavelength laser is then discussed,respectively;The characteristics of dynamic grating reflection spectrum of the fiber saturable absorber is systematically analyzed.?

在激光型光纤传感器的设计、实验现象的理论解释等方面做了如下的研究工作：光纤激光器的基本原理与设计方案概述了激光和光纤激光器的基本原理，包括光与物质的相互作用，激光振荡的条件及频谱分布等激光产生的基本原理：掺铒光纤的增益性质，空间烧孔效应和外界扰动对激光输出稳定性的影响，光纤激光器的实际极限带宽等光纤激光器的相关知识；分别讨论了双向单纵模环形腔激光器和多波长激光器的设计方案；系统地分析了掺杂光纤饱和吸收体中形成的动态光栅的反射谱特性。

And There was no serious complication;②In the course ofinterventional therapy, Direct portal vein angiography demonstrated vena coronaria ventriculi(100%)andgastricveins(65.26%)andvenagastricaposterior38.43%, Angiography demonstrated venacoronariaventriculi communicate esophagus varicose veins, gastric veins and vena gastrica posterior communicategastric varicose veins. vena coronaria ventriculi had only a small percentage of double vein, about30.57%. The sites of vena coronaria ventriculi arising from the portal vein, splenic vein, portosplenic junction, were found in 52.06%、27.39%、20.55% respectively.③12 extrahepaticprotosystemic shunts were found in these patients. Include gastro-nephrosshuntof 3 cases, 7 caseswere splenetic- nephros shunt and 2 cases shown recanalization of umbilical vein .④The averageportal pressure before and after the procedure were 3.87±1.82kPa and 3.64±1.14kPa in 73patients, but to the time of rebleeding, it was 3.96±0.23kPa in the 11 cases.⑤There werethree kinds of variceal outcome: disappearance (54,low degree (19).⑥Spearman logisticanalyse and ANOVAtest shown liver function class, variceal degree of the splenic necrosis area,the blood direction in portal vein before operation and remain small collateral routes were thesignificant factors concerning outcome of varices.⑦The bleeding volume and portalhypertensive gastropathy are main risk factors of rebleeding.⑧The course of livercirrhosis is the risk factor of survival and extrahepatic portosystemic shunt , fine varices are thebeneficial factors to survival.⑨During all cases'followed-up data, the 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 yearcumulative survival rates and rebleeding rates were 17.81%, 28.77%, 38.36%, 43.84%, 47.95%and93.15%,91.78%,86.30%,83.56%,80.82%respectively. Conclusion The interventional disconnection treatment for liver cirrhosis and portalhypertension was designed suitability. It rapidlycontrol bleeding,butpressure of portal vein was notobvious high, perfusion was not low .it was compared with surgery therapeutic that interventionaldisconnection treatment was safe and had a significant clinical effect to hemorrhage and preventfrom rebleeding.

结果：①术后一过性发热62例(84.9%)，腹痛腹胀48例(65.8%)是介入断流术常见的并发症，未发生严重并发症；②门静脉造影显示胃冠状静脉、胃短静脉和胃后静脉的曲张分流的出现率是100%、65.26%和38.34%；显示食管静脉曲张主要由胃冠状静脉供血，胃静脉曲张主要由胃短静脉和胃后静脉供血；胃冠状静脉大多数为单支，少数为双支，其双支的出现率分别为30.57%；胃冠状静脉开口于门静脉主干的为52.06%，开口于脾静脉主干的为27.39%和开口于门脾静脉交汇处的为20.55%；③发现胃肾分流3例，脾肾分流7例、腹膜后门腔静脉分流2例，以及CTA检查发现脐静脉开放者2例；④73例患者介入断流术前和术后平均自由门静脉压力分别为3.87±1.82kpa和3.64±1.14kpa，前后比较存在显著性差异；11例再次介入手术患者的术前、术后和复发后的自由门静脉压力分别为4.02±0.24kpa、3.82±0.25kpa和3.93±0.23kpa ，前后比较发现首次术前与术后存在显著性差异，首次术前和复发出血术前门静脉压力比较无显著性差异；⑤介入术后复查曲张静脉转归基本消失54例，轻度19例；⑥Spearman相关分析和Logistic多因素回归分析，肝功能分级、静脉曲张程度、门脉血流方向和残存小侧支四个因素对曲张静脉转归有影响；Spearman相关分析和Logistic多因素回归分析门脉高压性胃病和出血量等因素对复发出血时间有影响；⑦COX回归分析，门体分流和曲张静脉转归两个因素对术后生存有影响；⑧术后随访6-70月，1、2、3、4、5年的累计复发出血率和累计生存率分别为17.81%、28.77%、38.36%、43.84%、47.95%和93.15%、91.78%、86.30%、83.56%、80.82%；结论：介入断流术治疗门脉高压食管胃底静脉曲张有独特的优点，可以快速直接控制曲张静脉出血而门静脉压力无显著增高，保证了肝脏灌注；与外科分流术相比适应证广、损伤轻、术后恢复快，不易遗漏曲张静脉；肝功能分级、曲张静脉程度、门脉血流方向和残存侧支血管对食管胃曲张静脉转归有影响；门脉高压性胃病对复发出血时间有影响；门体分流和曲张静脉转归对生存时间有影响。

The testis index, testis volumes were same as the annual changes of testis mass. The curves of annual variation were all unimodality.2 The spermatogenetic cycle of Myospalax cansus comprises seven stages with significant features: Stage I , from February to April, the testis were at the stage of spermatogonia proliferation. In this period, testis index and the number of spermatogonia began to rise. Other spermatogenic cells had not yet formed; Stage II to III, from March to April, primary spermatocyte meiosis period. The testis index was highest in this stage, and spermatogenic cells were in spermatocyte stage, the primary spermatocyte meiosis generated to secondary spermatocyte; Stage IV, from April to May, spermatocytes continued to split, germ cells appeared in seminiferous tubules; Stage V, in May, sperm formation, spermatids of seminiferous tubules were transformed to spermatozoa, a large number of sperms existed in the lumen; Stage VI, spermatozoa emission period, from May to June, testis index were a significant drop and mature spermatozoa excluded gradually; VII, the testicular activity ceased basically from July to September, November to January of the following year, the spermatogenic activity ceased completely. Therefore, Myospalax cansus are animals of seasonal reproduction, spermatogenesis cycle is discontinuous type.

睾丸系数、体积和重量的年周期变化规律一致，变化曲线呈现单峰型。2甘肃鼢鼠雄性生殖腺的年周期活动由7个特征明显的时期构成：Ⅰ期，2～3月份，精原细胞增殖期，睾丸系数开始上升，精原细胞进行有丝分裂，其他生精细胞尚未形成；3～4月份为Ⅱ～Ⅲ期，初级精母细胞成熟分裂期，睾丸系数达到最大，生精细胞大多处于精母细胞阶段，初级精母细胞减数分裂生成次级精母细胞；Ⅳ期，4～5月份精母细胞继续进行分裂，精细胞在生精小管内出现；Ⅴ期，5月份，精子形成期，曲细精管中精细胞变态成精子，在管腔中存在大量的精子；Ⅵ期，精子排放期，5～6月份，睾丸系数显著下降，成熟精子从生精小管上脱离，逐渐排除；Ⅶ期，精原细胞停滞期，7～9月份睾丸生精活动基本停滞，11～翌年1月，生精活动完全停止。

Fat tissue is hydrolyzed and released fatty acid as well triolein by lipase; on the other hand, high fat diet can't be directly absorbed across the intestinal mucosa.it must be firstly decomposed into one 2-monoglyceride and two free fatty acids by pancreatic lipase ,which is delivered into the lumen of the gut as a constituent of pancreatic juice.

脂肪酶能够使体内的多余脂肪组织分解成三酸甘油酯，另一方面，人体摄入高脂肪食物，并不能直接被小肠粘膜吸收，而是先被小肠内的胰脂肪酶分解成2-单酸甘油酯和两个游离脂肪酸，然后和胰液一起被运输到肠道的内腔被吸收。

To meet the needs, a novel low-noise fiber laser with compound cavity structure is designed. The stable single-mode operation is realized by using a transient self-written fiber grating, produced by the effect of saturable absorption within a section of unpumped erbium-doped fiber, as narrow band filter for mode selecting and linewidth squeezing. Through optical path modification, the spectral signal-to-noise ratio is better than 62 dB.

激光器采用复合腔结构，以掺铒光纤作为工作物质，通过在未被抽运的掺铒光纤中形成的瞬态自写入光纤光栅的窄带滤波特性进行选模和压窄线宽，产生稳定的单频激光输出；经过光路改进，激光输出光谱信噪比优于62 dB；利用光电负反馈电路，弛豫振荡峰下降了约25 dB，低频段强度噪声也大为改善，有效地抑制了光源的强度噪声。

Observe the formula's effects to the diabetic nephropathy rat model cause by small dose STZ injured, high lipin feed and hemiresection, the results showed that can decrease significantly blood sugar after diet 2h, control availably hyperplasia of glomerulus mesenteric cell, inhibite tumefaction of glomerulus capillary endothelial cell, keep integrality of podocytic process and basement membrane, relieve vasal cavum stricture, reduce the GFR and excretory rate of 〓-MG, improve the status of high blood lipin, specially decrease significantly TC, reduce the 〓 and T/K, improve the status of microcirculation obstacle, elevate the activity of 〓-〓-ATP enzyme.

观察降糖益肾方对小剂量STZ诱导并单侧肾切除，高脂饲料喂养的糖尿病肾病大鼠模型的影响实验结果：对2h后血糖有显著降低作用（p.05），能有效抑制肾小球系膜基质的增生，减轻肾小球毛细血管内皮细胞肿胀，保持足突与基底膜的完整性，减轻血管腔狭窄，降低GFR、尿微量白蛋白以及〓-微球蛋白的排泄率（p.05），能改善高血脂状态，降低血TG、TC含量（p.05），降低〓与T／K比值（p.05），改善微血管循环障碍的状态；能升高肾组织中〓-〓-ATP酶的活性（p.05）。

By using Xenon flash pumped, Cr4+:YAG Q-switched Nd.YAG cavity as thepump source, an intracavity KTP-OPO system lasing at 1.57 u m wavelength is realized. Output performance for different Cr4+:YAG small signal transmissions and different 1.57 u m output transmissions is demonstrated.

实验研究了氙灯泵浦、Cr~(4+)：YAG被动调Q的1.06μm Nd：YAG激光器的静态和动态输出特性，分析了1.06μm探索了泵浦外腔OPO系统所需的单脉冲输出条件。

In these lasers, a section of Erbium doped fiber without undergoing bump used as saturatable absorber. A self-written grating may be formed by stable standing wave in this absorber. Because selfwritten grating possesses a characteristic of very narrow rejection band and can suppress any other side-band effectively, so the multi-longitudinal mode and mode jumping in other normal fiber ring laser are removed in this one.

将未泵浦掺铒光纤作为饱和吸收体，利用驻波干涉在掺铒光纤中诱发的自写入光纤光栅，由于自写入光纤光栅具有窄带滤波特性及对边模有效的抑制作用，解决了一般光纤环形腔激光的多纵模和易跳模之问题，获得具有极窄线宽，不跳模时间大于3小时单频激光输出。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。