单管的

The results showed: no significant difference was found between the results of single tube quantitative assay method and multiple tube fermentation technique;single tube quantitative assay method showed better accurateness,precision,and reproducibility than multiple tube fermentation technique;single tube quantitative assay method was quicker and more economical.

结果表明：MUG单管定量检测法与大肠埃希氏菌多管发酵法对菌悬液、天然海水、水产品的检测结果没有统计学差异；MUG单管定量检测法检测数据的精确性高于大肠埃希氏菌多管发酵法，而且更为快速、经济。

Till now, the most used method for storage of hydrogen in array of SWNT's is by physisorption inside the SWNT's and on the outer surface of the SWNT's or in the interstice between SWNT's.

到目前为止，在单壁碳纳米管阵列中贮存氢的最常用的方法是通过虹吸作用或电化学作用使氢物理吸附在单壁碳纳米管的内部、外表面上或者单壁碳纳米管之间的间隙中。

The present invention is process of separating and assembling metallic single wall carbon nanotube and semiconductive single wall carbon nanotube synchronously. The process includes the following steps: photoetching silica substrate to prepare Au electrode, cutting intervals in the electrode with focused ion beam, soaking the electrode in DMF solution of single wall carbon nanotube, and applying electric field of 2-8 V magnitude and 1-10 Hz frequency.

本发明的目的在于提供一种金属性和半导体性单壁碳纳米管的同步分离与组装方法，该金属性和半导体性单壁碳纳米管的同步分离与组装方法包括如下步骤：通过常规光刻在含二氧化硅的衬底上制备金电极的步骤；利用聚焦离子束在电极上刻出若干个间隙的步骤；将上述电极浸入到单壁碳纳米管的DMF溶液的步骤；施加大小为2～8V、频率为1～10Hz的电场的步骤。

The structure and morphology of CNTs which have been purified and not yet, were characterized by TEM, SEM, XRD, Raman, TG-DTA, BET, IR. The results indicated that when the stokehole reaction temperature was 1170℃,the decompose temperature of Ferrocene was 150℃,he volatilize temperature of Benzene was 50 ℃, hydric flow rate was 270ml/min, the concentration of thiophene was l% and the reaction time was 20 minutes, the CNTs with single-walled and multi-walled were prepared.

结果表明：炉膛反应温度1170℃、二茂铁的分解温度150℃、苯的挥发温度50℃、氢气的流量270ml／min、噻吩体积分数1.00／100ml苯、反应时间20min时，可以得到碳纳米管，既有单壁管又有多壁管，单壁管的内径分布在0.88～1.15nm之间，多壁管的直径分布在40～120nm之间；纯化后的碳纳米管比表面积增加，管壁光滑，而且产生了大量的含氧官能团，有利于在水溶液中的分散。

The structure and morphology of CNTs which have been purified and not yet, were characterized by TEM, SEM, XRD, Raman, TG-DTA, BET, IR. The results indicated that when the stokehole reaction temperature was 1170℃,the decompose temperature of Ferrocene was 150℃,he volatilize temperature of Benzene was 50 ℃, hydric flow rate was 270ml/min, the concentration of thiophene was 1% and the reaction time was 20 minutes, the CNTs with single-walled and multi-walled were prepared. The diameters of the single-walled CNTs are in the range of 0.08~1.15nm, and that of the multi-walled CNTs are in the range of 40~120nm.

结果表明：炉膛反应温度1170℃、二茂铁的分解温度150℃、苯的挥发温度50℃、氢气的流量270ml/min、吩体积分数1.00/100ml苯、反应时间20min时，可以得到碳纳米管，既有单壁管又有多壁管，单壁管的内径分布在0.881.15nm之间，多壁管的直径分布在40120nm之间；纯化后的碳纳米管比表面积增加，管壁光滑，而且产生了大量的含氧官能团，有利于在水溶液中的分散。

For naturally cooled monobloc barrel, its thermal condition in regular regime can be evaluated by measuring the outside temperature of two arbitrary rounds;(2) During a sustained firing process, unsteady heat conduction exists in a monobloc barrel, whereas unsteady and quasi steady heat conduction exist with actively cooled composite barrels, meaning that the thermal condition changes from uncontrolled to controlled;(3) Different combinations of the convective heat transfer coefficient h and thickness of gun barrel δ have much effects on cooling the bore temperature.

利用有限元软件分析了某大口径火炮身管的温度场分布，并对自然散热条件下的单筒身管和主动冷却条件下的复合身管温度场进行了比较，其结果为(1)身管温度场分布存在初始和正规工况阶段，后者的单筒身管热状态可以通过测定任意两发身管外表面温度来评估；(2)持续射击过程中，单筒身管始终处于非稳态导热过程，主动冷却身管则包括非稳态和准稳态两个过程，实现了身管热状态由不可控向可控转变；(3)对流传热系数h和身管壁厚δ的组合对降低内膛温度具有很大影响。

In the event of glass or metal drilling the sheaths offer greater resistance than a single unit of comparable dimensions.

如果在玻璃或者金属套管上钻孔，比较尺寸，电阻比单管的要大。

In this paper, the residual contact pressure and static interface friction coefficient of tube - to - tube-sheet joints of heat exchangers is investigated.

本文采用换热器管板单管模型研究了换热管与其液压胀接后的残余接触压力和静摩擦系数。用弹性卸载法测量了换热管从单管胀接模型中拉出后，模型外表面的周向应变，并由此计算出接触面处的残余接触压力的实验值。

The experimental and analytical results show that the axial rigidity of the corrugated pipe is 23.0 percent of the bare pipe with the same thickness and diameter,and the thermal compensation performance of the former is 2.27 times the latter's under equal-stress condition.By using corrugated pipe bundle instead of the bare pipe bundle with the same stiffness as its tube sheet,the axial thermal compensation can be increased by 40.4 percent,and the corresponding pulling-out force is 53.2 percent of that of the bare pipe bundle.

研究结果表明，波节换热管单管的刚度为相应光管的23.4%；在最大应力相同的条件下，波节换热管的轴向热补偿量为相应光管的2.27倍；在光管管束与壳体等刚度条件下，用波节管管束代替光管管束，轴向热补偿量可提高40.4%，相应的拉脱力为光管管束的53.2%。

The disadvantage of this method is that it is hard to ascertain the working medium flux of each tube and furthermore, the working point is inaccurate.

水动力计算都依据《热水锅炉水动力计算方法》，不足的是这种方法不能准确确定每根单管的工质流量，且不能准确确定工作点。

I can not make it blossom and suits me

我不能让树为我开花

When temperatures are above approximately 80 °C discolouration of the raceways or rolling elements is a frequent feature.

当温度高于 80 °C 左右时，滚道或滚动元件褪色是很常见的特征。