单种的

Fluorescein isothiocyanate labeled polyclonal goat antihuman immunoglobulin antibody was added, and flow cytometer was used to detect bead-platelet-associated autoantibodies-antihuman immunoglobulin antibody complex. Results The fluorescene ratio of four monoclonal antibodies was significantly different (P .01) between the idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura patients and either the non-ITP patients or the normal controls. If the upper limit of normal control was set as cutoff value, ratios of greater than 1.37, 1.24, 1.48, and 1.19 were considered positive for the four monoclonal antibodies respectively. The flow cytometric bead assay had an overall sensitivity of 73.17% and a specificity of 94.29%.

结果 特发性血小板减少性紫癜组4种单抗荧光强度比值与非ITP血小板减少组和正常对照组有显著性差异（P＜0.01）；若将ITP组患者4种单抗荧光强度比值分别大于正常对照组上限1.37、1.24、1.48和1.19判断为阳性，则流式微球技术检测血小板特异性自身抗体的敏感性为73.17%，特异性为94.3%；4种单抗联合检测总体敏感性明显高于改良间接单抗特异的血小板抗原固定试验（P＜0.05，且大于各单个抗体检测敏感性。

Five novel torsion-mirror optical actuators including double-beam thickness differential structure with single torsional axis, double flexible folded-beam structure with single torsional axis, double-beam vertical torsion comb structure with single torsion axis, four-beam differential compound-micromirror structure with double torsional axis and the combined structure of the four basis forms above, are brought forward. All of these devices could be fabricated by the same silicon micromachining process we have developed. The deformation compensation design with local enhancement for the thin torsional beam which is the key structure of these devices is also put forward to improve the reliability. The three-dimension solid model and two-dimension reduced order model of the torsion-mirror optical actuator are established and then the numerical simulations for evaluating the device characteristics of the statics, dynamics, electrostatic field, mechanical and electrostatic coupling, fluid and solid coupling are carried out to optimize the structure design. Furthermore, three optical fibre clamping structures which could be integrated monolithicly are designed and analyzed to improve the optical coupling capability. 4. Three flexible process flows combined with bulk silicon micromachining and surface silicon micromachining are brought forward to fabricate these novel single-crystal silicon or polysilicon torsion-mirror optical actuators by using the same lithography masks for both SOI wafer and regular silicon wafer. A series of important process experiments are carried out to optimize the process parameters and the process flows. Some novel and typical process phenomena which occurred during the microfabrication are analyzed and then the corresponding solutions are put forward. 5. A MEMS dynamic testing system which exploit blur image synthetic technique, stroboscopic image matching technique, stroboscopic mirau microscopic interferometry technique and microscopic laser dopper vibrometer technique is set up to measure three-dimension and six-freedom micro motions of any MEMS devices with nanometer resolution.

在对硅微机械扭转镜光致动器的光机电特性系统地理论研究的基础上提出了硅微机械扭转镜光致动器的结构设计准则。3、提出了单轴双梁厚度差分结构、单轴双柔性折叠梁结构、单轴双梁垂直扭转梳齿结构、双轴四梁差动复合微镜结构以及以上四种基本结构组合后的衍生结构等五种工艺加工技术兼容的新型的硅微机械扭转镜光致动器，对器件关键结构薄厚度、高耐疲劳扭转梁进行了局部加强的变形补偿设计，建立了器件的三维实体模型以及两维降阶模型，对提出的新结构硅微机械扭转镜光致动器进行了系统的静力学、动力学、静电场、力电耦合和流体固体耦合的建模仿真与优化设计，同时设计并分析了三种可实现单芯片集成的弹性光纤定位夹紧结构。4、提出了组合体硅微加工技术与表面硅微加工技术、兼容同一套光刻版图、可分别基于SOI 晶片和普通Si 晶片、适应于制造提出的各种新结构单晶硅和多晶硅硅微机械扭转镜光致动器的三套柔性加工工艺流程，开展了一系列重要工艺步骤的单项工艺试验，对工艺流程与工艺参数进行了优化，针对加工过程中出现的具有普遍意义的典型工艺问题进行了讨论和分析，并提出了解决方法。5、创新性地将模糊图像合成技术、频闪图像匹配技术、频闪Mirau 显微干涉技术与显微激光多普勒测振技术有机结合，建立起了一套周期运动测量与瞬态运动测量相结合、单点运动测量与全视场运动测量相结合、满足不同MEMS 器件各种动态测试要求的集成的MEMS 三维六自由度微运动精密测量系统。

There are no distinct differences between ancestral character state and descendant character state in some characters. 4. Only one outgroup can't give enough information to tell what the ancestor looks like. It make us not to understand how a lot of charactors evolved. 5. The matsutake group is polyphyletic. 6. The character coding is not precise enough. 7. Some characters are not homology. The result of molecular systematic study on the matstuake group shows the group is not monophyletic. The matsutake group is more closed to Tricholoma than Armillaria. ITS sequence of Catathelasma ventricosum is nearly identical to that of the matsutake group, although apparently they are very different from each other in morphological characters.

对松口蘑群通过形态学特征进行系统发育关系分析造成很大的干扰的原因有：松口蘑的种类大多形态特征比较简单，可提供进行分析的特征不多；某些性状在一些状态之间的反复转化，造成分析上的误差；在进化过程中某些性状无明显的祖征和衍征，在分析过程中很难确定进化极性；选择外群时应该用一个特定类群进行整体理解后，确定各个性状的极性，不要只用单种作为外群；松口蘑群是一个多系群；进行比较的性状不一定是同源的；数量性状编码过于粗放，反映不出真实的情况。

The results of the analysis to complete 18S rDNA and partial 28S rDNA D 6-7 domain sequences of 30 collembolan species supported the monophyly of Poduromorpha and Symphypleona, Entomobryoidea is not a monophyly, familia Neelidae should be separated from Symphypleona. The situation about the superfamilia of Tomoceroidea and the familia Neelidae need further studies. The results of the further analysis to complete 18S rDNA and nearlly completely 28S sequences of 4 Protura, 6Collembola, 5 Diplura, 5 Insecta, 10 Crustacean, using 1 Myriapoda and 1 Chelicerata as outgroups indicated that Protura, Collembola and Diplura are monophy, respectively, Protura and Diplura have the nearest realationship, they make sister groups with Collembola and all of them assemble with Insecta to make a monophy cluster of Hexapod; The results support the monophy of Pancrusracea, Crustacean is not a monophy cluster and the realationships between them with Hexapod need further reseachers.

对我国的14科27属30种跳虫的18S rDNA全序列和28S rDNA部分序列(D6-D7)的基因信息数据进行分析，结果支持原目、愈腹目的单系性，长角目不形成单系群，支持短角科从愈腹目中分出，但鳞总科和短角目的分类地位有待于深入分析探讨；进一步比对4种原尾虫、6种跳虫、5种双尾虫、5种昆虫和10种甲壳动物的18S rDNA全序列和28S rDNA全序列，以1种多足动物和1种螯肢动物为外群，进行系统关系分析，结果显示：原尾纲、弹尾纲、双尾纲分别为单系群，原尾纲和双尾纲优先聚为一支，然后和弹尾纲构成姐妹群，以上三类又和昆虫聚为一支，支持六足动物的单系性，支持泛甲壳动物，但甲壳动物并未形成单系，其各类群和六足动物之间的亲缘关系尚须进一步确定。3。

The results showed:①the communities that stipa baicalensis is edificator had the highest species diversity, and the idea that stipa baicalensis communities were the local zone vegetation was supported;②the majority of studied communities were unsaturated in the species diversity, and the species diversity had a tendency to increate with the improvement of soil environment;③the relation of species diversity to community productivity was a one-humped function, that is, the species diversity of mediation productivity was highest;④the species diversity under intermediate disturbance was highest, and the intermediate disturbance hypothesis was supported;⑤the content of potassium in soil had probably an important function, or was an important following factor in the types of grassland community;⑥a new hypothesis on the forming mechanism of species diversity of community, Small Scale Competition and Random-Patch Dynamic Hypothesis, was put forward boldly.

通过上述研究分析得出如下结果：①以贝加尔针茅为建群种的群落物种多样性最高，从物种多样性角度证明该群落类型最适应本区气候和环境条件，应是本区的地带性群落；②绝大多数群落的物种多样性处于未饱和状态，随土壤环境的改善呈明显的增加趋势；③物种多样性与群落生产力呈单峰函数关系，即在中等生产力水平时物种多样性最高；④放牧中等干扰水平物种多样性最高，支持Connell的中度干扰学说；⑤偶然发现土壤钾含量可能在草地植被类型分化中起到重要作用，至少是一个重要的伴随因子；⑥大胆提出了群落物种多样性构成机制的新学说即小尺度竞争随机斑块动态学说。

Nothing is more destructive, either in regard to the health, or the vigilance and industry of the poor than the infamous liquor, the name of which, derived from Juniper in Dutch, is now by frequent use and the laconick spirit of the nation, from a word of middling length shrunk into a monosyllable, intoxicating gin, that charms the unactive, the desperate and crazy of either sex, and makes the starving sot behold his rags and nakedness with stupid indolence, or banter with in senseless laughter, and more insipid jests; it is a fiery lake that sets the brain in flame, burns up the entrails, and scorches every part within; and at the same time a Lethe of oblivion, in which the wretch immersed drowns his most pinching cares, and, with his reason all anxious reflections on brats that cry for food, hard winter's frosts, and horrid empty home.

没有什么比之&松子酒&这样一种臭名昭著的酒对于穷人们的健康、神经警觉和工作更为有害的东西了。这酒的名称原本来自荷兰语中对于桧类树木的称谓，现在，在一个崇尚简洁精神的国度里、通过经常性的使用，从一个中等长度的词汇压缩成了单音的、醉人的&松子酒&，迷惑着那些麻木绝望痴迷的男女，让饥饿的人带着愚昧的懒惰用袋子裹着裸体的身子干坐，或是无聊地说笑，讲着乏味的笑话活着；彷佛是个满是酒精的湖，把这些人的脑子点着了火，燃烧到肠子，烧到身体的各个部位；同时，忘神来了，把酒鬼们最后一点在意都淹没掉，一点良心都没有，不再焦虑地看着自己那些哭着要食物的儿郎，不再顾及冬天的霜冻和可怕空旷的家。

Based on the characteristics and the demands of synchronization, a single nero forecast controller was presented, which was designed to eliminate synchronization error of upset force in flash butt welding. A press feedback loop was designed to solve the problem that it is uneasy to assemble force sensor in flash butt welding.

针对于大截面钢坯闪光焊顶锻阶段的特点和同步要求，提出了一种基于单神经元的同步误差预测控制方案，用于消除闪光焊顶锻过程中的系统之间顶锻力的同步误差；方案中采用液压系统压力反馈的方法解决了闪光焊中不方便安装里传感器的问题。

He results show that the virus regained infectivity, and the tannins did not direct viricidal effect. Tannins extracted from Polygonum perfoliatum or Archontophoenix alexandrae seeds showed strongly anti-TMV activities separately. TMV virions seems to be aggregated when TMV incubated with the tannins by electron microscope. It seems that TMV coat protein bind to the tannins based on PAGE. Tannins did not reduce infectivity when applied either before or after TMV inoculation. It is proposed that tannins extracted from the 11 species inhibited TMV by binding with TMV coat protein to interfere with recognition site essential for viral coat protein. Tannins extracted from Euphorbia hirta, P. perfoliatum, P. cuspidatum reduce infectivity when applied immediately in N.

MV分别与这11种植物单宁混合后，通过透析除去单宁后，可恢复大部分侵染力，表明单宁对病毒粒体并无直接毒害作用；TMV与杠板归和假槟榔种子中提取的单宁分别混合后，电镜下观察粒体呈现明显的聚集现象；TMV外壳蛋白分别与这两种植物单宁混合后，聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳中CP泳带滞后；单宁在病毒接种前施用未降低TMV对叶片的侵染能力；这些结果表明植物单宁对TMV抑制作用可能是单宁与TMV-CP结合影响病毒对叶片侵染位点的识别而降低TMV侵染性，而这种结合是可逆的。

From the research result mentioned above, it was concluded that the selection of excellent single shoot tissue culture seedlings was an effective approach to guarantee fast growth and high yield of rattan plantation; the application of advance planting technique, such as controlling planting time, seedling number per group and spacing was very important for the purpose of minimizing unfavorable effect of rattan planting on upper trees, increasing cane yield and improving the level of economic gain; the determination of optimal harvest regime by adjusting the first harvest time, the lower limit of stem length for cutting as well as the harvest interval offered technical support to utilize resources reasonably and sufficiently and to enhance the economic benefit dramatically.

综合分析，通过组培快繁技术选择优质组培单芽藤是保证藤林速生丰产的有效途径；根据藤种的生物学特性，选择适宜的林地和上层林分，采取调控种植时间、丛栽株数和株行距等造林措施是减少棕榈藤间种对上层树种不利影响、有效增加原藤产量和提高林地增益水平的关键措施；而通过控制初始采收龄、起采茎长和采收间隔期，确定藤林最佳采收方式是促进资源充分利用、提高藤林的经济效益的有力保障。

A new six-phase disc permanent magnetic synchronous motor which adopts a one-rotor-two-stators configuration was designed. The structure and characteristics were presented . And the design method and parameters were calculated .FEM is used to analyze the magnetic field characteristics of this motor.

设计了一种新型的采用双定子夹单转子的六相盘式永磁同步电机，介绍了它的结构和特点，给出了此电机的设计方法和主要参数的计算，并利用有限元法FEM 对六相盘式永磁同步电动机的磁场特性进行了仿真分析计算。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。