单核细胞

It has several kinds of functions : It could accelerate blood coagulation; has chemotaxis to monocyte and neutrophil , could appeal to fibroblast and cartilage cell to move to the region of the injury, takes part in the signal transduction and activation in cell , and takes part in the growth and differentiation of cell and repair in trauma.

它的功能多样，能加速血液凝固，对单核细胞和中性粒细胞具有化学趋化作用，能吸引成纤维细胞和软骨细胞向损伤区域移动，参与细胞的信号传导与活化，细胞的生长及分化，创伤修复等一系列重要生理和病理过程。

Parthenolide is extract from feverfew, it's main component is sesquiterpene, it is commanly used in west country and is mainly used to therapy skin infection, rheumatic disorder, migraine. But recent research indicate that parthenolide can regulate many pathway of signal in the cell, inhibit the cyclooxygenase, TNF-α, interleukin-1 expression induced by lipopolysaccharide in macrophage, inhibit the iNOS expression in human monocyt, inhibit the activity of NF-κB in Hela cell, inhibit the growth of tumor cell and can relieve the myocardial ischemical reperfusion injury and so on. But the invention research about the effection of parthenolide on the VSMC is very rare in the world, so we do some research about the effection of inhibition of parthenpolide on the proliferation of VSMC and the signal transduction mechanism.

小白菊内酯(parthenolide，又名Sesquiterpene lactone)是艾叶菊属黑叶母菊的提取物，主要成分是倍半萜烯内酯，西方国家较为常用，主要用于治疗皮肤感染、风湿病和偏头痛，但近年来发现小白菊内酯能调控细胞内多种信号途径，如抑制巨噬细胞中脂多糖诱导的Cox，肿瘤坏死因子α和白细胞介素-1的表达，能抑制人单核细胞中iNOS的表达，能抑制Hela细胞中NF-κB的活性，抑制肿瘤细胞的生长，同时能减轻心肌缺血再灌注损伤等，但小白菊内酯在VSMC中的干预研究目前国内外非常罕见，为了确切评价小白菊内酯对血管平滑肌细胞增殖的抑制作用及相关的信号转导机制，我们进行了一些研究。

In fact, rechallenge of T cells with CB CD34+ cells, or immature monocyte-derived dendritic cells in secondary MLC induced potent T cell proliferative responses.

事实上，再次激活的T细胞与脐带血CD34+细胞，或不成熟的单核细胞来源的树突状细胞在次级混合淋巴细胞培养下可以诱导有潜能的T细胞增殖反应。

Except the incomplete maturation of spermatid nuclear and oocyte activation, idendification of a live spermatid is a pivotal procedure. It is difficult to distinguish round spermatids from other round cells such as spermatocytes, monocytes, polymorphonuclear leukocytes and so on.

除精子细胞的核蛋白不完全成熟及卵子激活不足等因素外，如何正确选择存活精子细胞是个难题，如圆形精子细胞与精母细胞、单核细胞和多形核白细胞等其他圆形细胞的区分就比较困难。

Results:Expression of elastase mRNA has been found in the endothelial cells,the medial smooth muscle cells and the adventitial fibroblasts of the abdominal aorta,the lymphocytes,monocytes in blood,the tracheal hyaline cartilaginous cells,the glandular cells of the pancreas,the epithelial cells of the parotid gland and submaxillary gland,the hepatoeytes,the endothelial cells of the liver sinusoid wall,the goblet cells of the mucous membrane of the small intestine,the cardiac myocytes,the renal interstitial fibroblasts,the alveolar epithelial cells,the cerebral glial cells,the fibroblasts of the dermis oorium of the skin,the primary spermaocytes,the secondary spermaocytes and sperm in the seminfferous tubule of the testis,the lymphocytes in the spleen and thymus.

结果正常大鼠腹主动脉的内皮细胞、中膜平滑肌细胞以及血管外膜成纤维细胞，血液细胞中的淋巴细胞、单核细胞，气管透明软骨细胞，胰腺的腺细胞、腮腺、颔下腺上皮细胞，肝细胞、肝窦壁的内皮细胞，小肠黏膜杯状细胞，心肌细胞，肾间质的纤维母细胞，肺泡上皮细胞，大脑胶质细胞，皮肤真皮纤维母细胞，睾丸曲精细管内的初级精母细胞、次级精母细胞以及精子，脾脏以及胸腺的淋巴细胞等，均有弹力蛋白酶mRNA的表达。

Aside from pancreatic enzymes activiation and autodigestive process, recent investigations have established that the upregulation of inflammatory mediator are believed to be the critical steps in the progression of mild pancreatitis to severe pancreatitis. Tumor necrosis factor-, ThyomboxaneA2 ,ProstaglandinsI2 are all important inflammatory mediator. TNF-( is one of cytokines. It is important to the over-production of ICAM-1,VCAM-1, TXA2 andPGI2. The ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 mediate both leukocytes adhesion and migration through the endothelium into tissues to connect with injuried target cells. The TXA2 and PGI2 are the production of arachidonic acid. They are responsible for the tissue ischaemia.

肿瘤坏死因子（Tumor necrosis factor-， TNF-、血栓素A2（ThyomboxaneA2，TXA2），前列环素（ProstaglandinsI2，PGI2）均是炎症反应中重要的炎性介质，其中肿瘤坏死因子-是非常重要的细胞因子之一，它由活化的单核细胞产生，在细胞间黏附分子（Intercellular adhesion molecule-1，ICAM-1）及血管细胞黏附分子(Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1，VCAM-1的表达、血栓素A2及前列环素过量生成方面起着重要的作用，前两者是介导白细胞与内皮细胞黏附，迁移于组织并与受损的靶细胞相结合的主要媒介，是炎症反应中的重要介质，后两者是花生四烯酸的代谢产物，亦是重要的炎性介质，参与构成血液循环障碍。

Methods Applying 1,25-_2D_3 induced osteoclast-like multinucleated cells and isolated mature rabbit osteoclasts cocultured with bone slices, the effects of icariin on the differentiation and bone resorbing activity of osteoclasts were investigated.

方法采用1，25-2D3诱导兔骨髓单核细胞形成破骨细胞样细胞以及原代分离的乳兔成熟破骨细胞与骨片共培养的方法，考察淫羊藿苷对破骨细胞的分化及骨吸收功能的影响。

Of CBMC can be purified by Mini-MACS as CD34〓 stem cells. B. The number of CD34〓 stem cells can expand to 40.24±9. 86 fold after 14 days. C. No matter in the expression of CD1a, CD80, CD86, and HLA-DR, or in the function of stimulating xenogenous lymphocyte proliferation, there was no difference between CD34+ stem cell DCs or monocyte DCs. D. The percentage of CD3〓CD56〓 cells is the same in CIK cells co-culture with DCs transfected with SKOV3 RNA, CIK cells co-culture with DCs, and CIK cells. E. The expansion rate of CIK cells can be accelerated by co-culturing with loaded or unloaded DCs. However, the expansion rate between loaded or unloaded group is the same. F. The strongest cytotoxicity against SKOV3 cell line was achieved by CIK cells co-cultured with DCs loaded with SKOV3 RNA.

结果：1、Mini-MACS分选系统可自CBMC中提取0.78±0.31%的CD34〓细胞；2、体外培养14天后可获得原始CD34〓细胞量40.24±9.86倍的细胞；3、不论在CD1a、CD80、CD86及HLA-DR的表达上，或是刺激异体淋巴细胞增生的功能上，脐带血CD34〓细胞与单核细胞来源的DC都没有差别；4、CIK细胞中CD3〓CD56〓双阳性的表达率在与RNA转染DC共培养的CIK细胞组、与DC共培养的CIK细胞组及单纯CIK细胞组3组间比较无差异；5、脐带血CIK细胞增殖显著，培养14天时可扩增18.18±5.59倍，培养21天时可扩增35.02±6.30倍；5、与未转染或转染DC共培养的CIK细胞在培养第14天后增殖速率大于单纯CIK细胞。

In Chapter Two, some methods such as electron microscope, DNA ending label and MTT measurement were used to studied the changes of apoptosis, necroses and cell vigour of leukaemia K562 cell trunk and HL-60 cell trunk irradiated with millimeter wave. Different effects of millimeter wave to leukaemia cell trunks and human marrow cells were observed clearly. Human marrow cells were not so sensitive to millimeter wave radiation as leukaemia cells.

第二章，利用电镜技术、DNA末端标记、MTT活力测定等方法，研究了毫米波对红白血病K562细胞株、人类急性早幼粒白血病细胞株HL-60及正常人骨髓单核细胞的细胞超微结构、细胞凋亡、细胞活力的影响，结果发现毫米波辐射对正常人骨髓细胞及白血病细胞的影响明显不同，正常人骨髓细胞所受影响较小，特别是功率密度小的毫米波对其无影响；而白血病细胞受辐射后发生显著的凋亡或坏死，细胞活力显著下降，该效应具有明显的功率窗和时间窗。

RESULTS: Wound healing rate, wound healing time, histopathology analysis, quantity assay of macrophage, determination of hydroxyproline, proliferation of cell, assay of DNA contents and circle of cells, level of transforming growth factor-alpha, levels of interleukin-1, interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor, assay of keratinocyte collagenase-1, level of fibroblast growth factor receptor-1, level of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and level of keratinocyte plasminogen activator inhabitor type 2 were selected as the evaluation criteria of wound healing.

结果 筛选了创面愈合率、创面愈合时间、组织病理学分析、巨噬细胞定量分析、羟脯氨酸含量测定、细胞增殖情况、细胞DNA含量和细胞周期分析、转化生长因子-α水平、白细胞介素-1、白细胞介素-6和肿瘤坏死因子水平、角质细胞胶原酶-1含量测定、成纤维细胞生长因子受体-1水平、单核细胞化学诱导蛋白-1水平和角质细胞纤溶酶原活化抑制剂-2水平等十三种创面愈合评价指标。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。