单杆菌的

Experiment of the third part use the first part"s production as carrier, selecting Geotrich candidum and Candida tropicalis of higher production of protein also selecting producing the cellulose enzyme Bacillus subtilis FS and Lactobacillus bulgaricus by ourselves separated, design orthogonal test and a series of single factor experiment, finally assurancing the inoculation quantity of four strains germ, is Geotrich candidum 5%, Candida tropicalis 5%,Bacillus subtilis FS 5% of FS, Lactobacillus bulgaricus 3%, the most suitable development temperature is 30 "C , the development time is 15 days.

实验的第三部分是以第一步共培养所得的培养物为载体，选择产蛋白量高的白地霉、热带假丝酵母及本室筛选的产纤维素酶芽孢杆菌FS和自行分离的保加利亚乳酸杆菌，设计正交实验和一系列单因素实验，最终确定了四株菌的接种量，分别为白地霉5%，热带假丝酵母5%，FS5%，保加利亚乳杆菌3%，最适培养温度为30℃，培养时间为15天。

The optimum hydrolytic conditions of razor clam for neutral protease were : enzyme concentration 2.4%, hydrolysis temperature 50癈, substrate concentration 1:3, pH 7 and reaction time 6 hrs with the degree of hydrolysis and extraction rate of total nitrogen 42.46% and 83.04% respectively; and foracid protease they were: en/yme concentration 6.0%, hydrolysis temperature 50癈, substrate concentration 1:4, pH3.5 and reaction time 5 hrs with the degree of hydrolysis and extraction rate of total nitrogen 46.37% and 87.94% respectively, the hydrolysate being clear light yellow. For the combination of two kinds of proteases they were: first hydrolyzing with 2.6% f 1 avouryme for 3 hrs, then hydrolyzing with 2.4% neutral protease for 3 hrs with the degree of hydrolysis and extraction rtiie of total nitrogen 4-1.57% and 86.95% respectively.

最后综合考虑了水解率、总氮回收率和水解液的色泽、澄清度等指标，得出了较适宜的酶种为单酶以枯草杆菌中性蛋白酶和酸性蛋白酶效果较好，双酶以风味蛋白酶与枯草杆菌中性蛋白酶双酶组合水解效果较好，其适宜的水解工艺条件分别为：枯草杆菌中性蛋白酶加酶量为2.4%，水解温度50℃，料水比1：3，pH值中性条件下水解6h，绕蛙蛋白质的水解率和总氮回收率分别为42.46%和83.04%；酸性蛋白酶水解编蛙肉的适宜的工艺条件为加酶量6.0%、水解温度50℃，料水比l：4，pH值3.5条件下水解sh，水解率为46.37%，总氮回收率为87.94%，水解液呈较清澈的淡黄色；双酶采用先用2.6%风味酶水解3h后，再加入2.4%中性蛋白酶水解3h，水解率达44.57%，总氮回收率为86.95%。

Firstly, normal mice was given orally by SM(qd×2d), and the dysbacteriosis were caused in them ,and then they were given orally by STM,these mice were formed experimental salmonellosis models ,finally these salmonellosis models were treated by bifidobacterium ,and count respectively the cfu/g of STM number in the mice excrement during different time of therapy,detect the index numbers of liver and spleen respectively, detect content of TNF-a in blood and in spleen respectively.

先用硫酸链霉素给正常小鼠灌胃2d，出现菌群失调症状，再用STM灌胃造成小鼠STM感染，使用两岐双岐杆菌液干预治疗STM感染小鼠，检测不同治疗时间各组小鼠粪便STM菌落数、肝脾指数、血及脾中TNF-a的含量。采用SPSS12.0统计软件包进行数据处理分析，统计学方法采用双因素重复测量资料的方差分析、单因素随机化设计的方差分析、卡方检验、多组均数比较的非参数秩和检验。结果：随着治疗天数的增加，STM菌落数逐渐减少，未干预组、生理盐水组及双歧杆菌组比较结果均为P＜0.01；组间比较，双歧杆菌组STM数下降最快。

Except for verdigris pseudomonas,Gram-negative bacilli were less resistant to levofloxacin than to the other three ones.Klebsiellas,verdigris pseu-domonas and acinetobacters were30.76%～33.33%resistant to ciprofloxacin.

除铜绿假单胞菌外革兰阴性杆菌对左氧氟沙星的耐药率均低于其他3种药物，克雷伯菌、铜绿假单胞菌、不动杆菌对环丙沙星耐药率在30.76%～33.33%。

93 Target gene were detected by Tem-PCR from 75 specimen, they were: Hemophilus influenzae 40, Streptococcus penumoniae 36, Acinetobacter baumannii 10, Pseudomonas aeruginosa 4, Staphylococcus aureus 3, the other 9 kinds of bacterium including Escherichia coli、Klebsiella pneumoniae and Enterobactor cloacae were not detected by Tem-PCR, the positive rate of Tem-PCR was 39.9%(75/188).(3) For the 14 kinds of bacterium designed by Tem-PCR, compared with the culture, the sensitivity、specificity and coincidence of Tem-PCR is 51.0%, 68.0%, 58.3% respectively.

2经Tem-PCR技术扩增后，188例标本在Luminex100多功能悬浮点阵仪中有75例呈阳性，共检测出93株病原菌的靶基因，分别是流感嗜血杆菌40株，肺炎链球菌36株，鲍曼氏不动杆菌10株，铜绿假单胞菌4株，金黄色葡萄球菌3株，另外9种Tem-PCR已设计的细菌包括肺炎克雷伯菌、大肠杆菌、阴沟肠杆菌等均未检出，Tem-PCR的阳性率是39.9%(75/188)。

The detection rates of methicillin-resistant S. aureus and penicillin-nonsusceptible S. pneumoniae were 15.9% and 84.3%, respectively. The prevalence of ESBLs-producing strains in Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Serratia spp and Enterobacter cloacae were 31.2%, 46.2%, 94.8% and 16.8% respectively. The resistance rates of Hemophilus influenzae and Hemophilus parainfluenzae to ampicilin were 40% and 36% respectively.

耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌检出率为15.9%；对青霉素不敏感的肺炎链球菌（包括PISP和PRSP）检出率为84.3%；肺炎克雷伯菌、大肠埃希菌、粘质沙雷菌和阴沟肠杆菌产ESBLs的检出率分别为31.2%、46.2%、94.8%和16.8%；流感嗜血杆菌和副流感嗜血杆菌对氨苄西林的耐药率为36%和40%；铜绿假单胞菌和鲍曼复合不动杆菌对亚胺培南的耐药率分别为10.7%和13.2%。

Six bacteria and five mildews have been separated from 119 strains, wliich grew well on the culture media contained lignin. The result of taxonomic identification is that XI, X2 and X3 belong to Pseudomonas, X4 and X5 belong to Xanihomonas, X6 belongs to Mycoplana. A preliminary study has been carried out on the capacity of lignin degradation of the 6strains of bacteria, and strains X2 and X4 were chose to carry out the experiments. The most favorable temperature for the 2 strains is 30癈, and the pH is 7; After being treated by ultraviolet rays, activity of all the three kinds of lignin-degrading enzyme produced by the strains can be increased greatly, the bacteria increasing rate is remarkably improved.

从119个菌株中分离筛选出了6株细菌和5株霉菌，它们可以在含有木质素的培养基上良好生长：细菌分类学鉴定结果为X1、X2和X3：假单胞菌属，X4和X5：黄单胞杆菌属，X6：枝动杆菌属；对6株细菌降解木质素性能进行了初步的研究，选定X2和X4为实验用菌种，两株菌适宜的生长温度为30℃，最适初始pH值为7；经紫外线照射诱变法处理，可使它们产生的三种木素分解酶活性均有明显的提高，细菌增长速率比诱变前明显提高。

The number of autoterophic bacteria were significantly lower than the heterotrophic bacteria. Majority of 21 strains of heterotrophic bacteria that isolated from water body were Pseudomonas. Majority of 25 strains of heterotrophic bacteria isolated from sediment were bacillus, microccus and Pseudomonas.Three genus of autotrophic bacteria were sulphuret bacteria, nitrify bacteria and nitrosobacteria that were capable of oxidizing H2S, S, FeS, oxidizing NH3 to NO2 and NO2 to NO3 respectively.

试验稚鳖池水中共分离出21株异养细菌，其中优势菌为假单胞杆菌属细菌；底泥中共分离出25株异养细菌，其中优势菌为芽胞杆菌属细菌，微球菌属细菌假单胞菌属细菌，三种自养细菌分别为具有氧化硫化氢、元素硫或硫化亚铁的硫细菌；具有氧化氨为亚硝酸的亚硝化细菌和能将亚硝酸进一步转化成硝酸的硝化细菌。

Results: Among 327 gram-negative bacillus isolated from patients in ICU, the nonfermentative bacteria covered 65.41%(214/327), pseudomonas aeruginosa, stenotrophomonas maltophilia and ancinetobacter baumanni were the main nonfermentative bactria, the resistance rate of pseudomonas aeruginosa, stenotrophomonas maltophilia and ancinetobacter baumanni to imipenem were over 31%, and the isolated bacteria showed serious multidrug-resistance.

结果：共分离到的革兰阴性杆菌327株，其中非发酵菌214株，占65.41%(214/327)；非发酵菌以铜绿假单胞菌、嗜麦芽黄单胞菌、鲍曼溶血不动杆菌为主，对常用抗菌药物表现为严重耐药和多重耐药，对亚胺培南的耐药率达到31.0%以上。

RESULTS Resistance of Pseudornonas aeruginosa, Pseudornonas spp, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneurnoniae, Enterobacter cloacae and Acinetobacter spp to CAZ was found to be tend increasing from 3%, 13%, 14%, 14%, 28% and 11% in 2001 to 13%, 36%, 16%, 22%, 53% and 57% in 2004, respectively.

结果铜绿假单胞菌、假单胞菌属、大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、阴沟肠杆菌和不动杆菌属主要革兰阴性杆菌，对CAZ的耐药率分别由2001年的3％、13％、14％、14％、28％、11％上升到2004年的13％、36％、16％、22％、53％、57％。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。