单基因的

Positive association were still remained for two locus that MNAT1-rs973063 and PCNA-rs25406 and lung cancer risk even after 1000 times permutation test.During the stratified analysis,we revealed that that several genes in the NER pathway could interact with age,gender,family cancer history and smoking status.

在进行了多重校正后，有两个位点仍显示出关联显著性：MNAT1-rs973063(p=0.02)，PCNA-rs25406(p=0.03)；在随后进行的分层分析中，我们发现NER通路多个基因分别和年龄、性别、肿瘤家族史以及吸烟状况之间存在互作，提示该通路基因位点可能主要是通过和环境交互作用产生效应；我们还进行了单倍型的分析，结果发现PCNA和RPA1两个基因上的单倍型和肺癌易感性相关。

The method is based on real time reverse-transcription-PCR amplification of mRNA to detect viable Listeria monocytogenes by specific hlyA gene. This method can overcome the false-positive caused by amplification of nonviable Listeria monocytogenes in the detection process.

为克服传统PCR检测的假阳性问题，有效的检测单增李斯特活菌，本研究提取单增李斯特菌的总RNA并进行反转录，以单增李斯特菌的必要毒力基因hlyA为靶基因，设计特异性引物和TaqMan探针进行实时PCR检测，研究了检测的特异性和灵敏度，考查了对人工污染牛乳进行检测的应用性。

With western blot analysis and DNA polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism assay,protein product of Rb gene and mutation in exon 5～8 of P_(53) gene were examined in 17 cases of human testicular seminoma.

采用Western印迹和DNA聚合酶链反应－单股构造多态性分析法对17例人睾丸精原细胞瘤组织标本的抗癌基因Rb表达的蛋白产物和P_（53）基因外显子5～8的突变进行检测，发现有3例标本的Rb基因表达的蛋白产物缺失，有4例标本的P_（53）基因有点突变，对照的正常人睾丸组织和视网膜组织均呈Rb基因蛋白产物表达阳性，对照的正常人睾丸组织中未发现P_（53）基因突变。

They identified 371 genes (nearly 10%) as monoallelically expressed in epigenetically stable patterns in at least one population of cells derived from a single B cell clone.

他们确认起源于一个单B细胞克隆种群的371个基因（近10％）以单等位基因性在后生遗传稳定模式中表达。

Methods The 26th exon, the 30th exon and the 21st intron of gene GP Ⅱb in 110 individuals were amplified by polymorphism and sequenced to investigate whether there was linkage among the polymorphisms of the gene. Human platelet antigen-3 (HPA-3) gene frequency was detected by Fok 1 enzyme in 147 patients with hematologic diseases, and was compared with that in 110 normal individuals. Forty-four patients who received apheresis platelet transfusion repeatedly were randomly divided into the HPA-3 homotype group and the control group. The antibodies of the platelet were detected after 3 times of platelet transfusion.

聚合酶链反应－单链构型多态性分析检测110例正常人GP Ⅱb基因第26和30外显子(Exon 26， Exon 30)及21内含子(Intron21)基因多态性，进行基因序分析，研究这些基因多态性是否存在连锁关系；应用Fok1酶切法对147例血液病人人类血小板抗原－3(human platelet antigen-3， HPA-3)基因进行分型，并与110例正常人进行比较；将接受单采血小板输注的44例血液病人随机分为HPA-3同型输注组和对照组，血小板输注3次以后检则血小板抗体。

Amon g them , four polymorphic loci with inevident genetic variation made little cont ribution to genetic variation of this population and other ten polymorphic loci with evident genetic variation made great contribution to genetic variation of this population .

其中有14个酶基因座属多态，只有一个单态基因座（ME－3）。14个多态基因座中，4个基因座遗传变异小，对该天然群体的遗传变异贡献不大，其余10个基因座遗传变异丰富，对该天然群体的遗传变异贡献大。

Glioma is still one of refractory disease in the neurosurgical field; the development of new primary and adjuvant treatment is vital. Recently, the gene therapy of glioma is developed rapidly and there are many methods about the gene therapy that include: suicide gene therapy, immunologic gene therapy, drug resistangce gene therapy, angiostatin gene therapy and so on. The sucide gene therapy is the most potential approach of antitumer, these nonmammalian genes encode enzyme that convert nontoxic prodrugs into highly toxic metablites. Cells transfected with suicide genes are targeted for specific negative selection, witch can be induced by administrtion of the corresponding produg. Among the enzyme/produg combinations, two of the best characterized system are herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase /ganciclovir and Escherichia coli cytosine deaminase /5-flourocytosine (5-FC). The formor can convert the antiviral nucleoside analogs acyclovir , ganciclovir to their nucleoside monophosphate derivatives, the monophosphate forms are subsequently phosphorylated by endogenus cellular kinases to triphosphates, these molecules are potent inhibitors of DNA synthesis.

近年来脑胶质瘤的基因治疗发展迅速，应运而生的方法有自杀基因、免疫基因、多药耐药基因以及抗血管生成基因等，其中自杀基因被认为是最有前景的基因治疗方法，它又称病毒介导的酶／药物前体疗法，是利用转基因技术将哺乳动物细胞中所不含有的自杀基因转入到哺乳动物肿瘤细胞中，该基因表达的产物可将无毒的药物前体转化为毒性药物，从而选择性杀伤该肿瘤细胞，常用的自杀基因有单纯疱疹病毒-胸苷激酶基因和大肠杆菌胞嘧啶脱氨酶基因，前者催化无毒性抗病毒核苷类似物如丙氧鸟苷、无环鸟苷等成为单磷酸核苷衍生物，然后在内源性细胞激酶作用下转化为具有明显毒性的三磷酸核苷，作为DNA合成链的终止剂和DNA合成酶的抑制剂，干扰细胞DNA的合成；后者编码的胞嘧啶脱氨酶可催化5-氟胞嘧啶（5-FC）脱氨成为5-氟尿嘧啶（5-FU），然后代谢为有毒性的5-氟尿嘧啶-5′三磷酸（5-FUTP）和5-氟-2′脱氧尿嘧啶-5′磷酸（5-FdUTP），5-FUTP通过与UTP竞争性结合而抑制mRNA和tRNA的合成，5-FdUTP则作用于胸苷合成酶，导致TMP衰竭而阻止DNA的合成，最终诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡。

Through the mediation of Nodule Agrobacterium, the insecticidal protein gene from pseudomonas pseudoalcalgenes has been transformed into the receptor materials to develop a new transgenic forage grass with the character of grasshopper resistance.

类产碱假单胞菌杀虫蛋白基因在大肠杆菌中的表达由于大肠杆菌的启动子不能识别类产碱假单胞菌杀虫蛋白基因，因此ppip基因不能直接在大肠杆菌细胞中表达。

Mitochondrial cytochrome b sequence were used to study the molecular evolution and phylogeny of Anser cygnoides(15 breed of Chinese goose), Anser anser(2 breed of domestic European goose) and Anser albifrons(the lesser white-fronted goose, Genbank accession number AF363031). Sequence analysis revealed that there were 29 variable sites and 4 haplotypes in 45 sequences, nucleotide diversity and haplotype diversity were 0.0068,0.45 respectively, insertion/deletion or frameshift mutation were not found in Cyt-b gene sequences(1143bp).

本实验测定了中国家鹅15个品种、欧洲鹅2个品种共44个个体的细胞色素b基因全序列，与Genbank库中自额雁细胞色素b基因序列合并在一起比对分析，17个家鹅品种和白额雁细胞色素b基因全序列均为1143bp，序列中没有缺失、插入或移码突变，共检测到29个变异位点、4种单倍型，核苷酸多样度和单倍型多样度分别为0.00648和0.45。

They tracked the SORL1 genes ia single nucleotide polymorphisms, or SNPs, which are single-letter changes in a gene's sequence.

研究人员通过基因序列的单节变异－单核苷酸多态性追踪SORL1基因。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。