单叶的

Leaves all basal, persistent remnants of petioles forming a dense clump; flower solitary, terminal; petals clawless

叶全部基生，叶柄的宿存的剩余形成一片紧密的丛；花单生，顶生；花瓣无爪 17 Paraquilegia 拟耧斗菜属

The result ofpairwise Fst and Neutrality tests revealed significant genetic differentiation amongfour populations,and evolution of mtDNA COI gene incompliance with the Neutralitytheory.The genetic distance was the biggest between HEB and JXL,and was thesmallest between SDT and JXL among the 4 populations.

遗传多样性研究采用了线粒体DNA COI基因序列、RAPD和PCR-RFLP三种分子标记研究大猿叶甲4个地理种群的遗传结构和群体遗传多样性。1、对长约335bp的mtDNA COI片段进行序列分析，在4个群体64个个体中，共发现37个单倍型，总变异位点35个，多态位点29个，含量(63.68％)大于含量(36.32％)。4个地理种群的核苷酸多样性指数分别为，0.082、0.035、0.099、0.186。

Flowers axillary and solitary or in terminal clusters or umbels; if in racemes, then bracts leaflike.

花腋生和在顶端簇生里的单生或或伞形花序；在总状花序里，叶状的苞片的然后。

The Bayesian tree provides strong support (PP=1.0) for the circumscription of families in Liliales, except for Smilacaceae. The interrelationships between families are also discussed.

贝叶斯分析结果显示，百合目内划分的7个科，除Smilacaceae科外，其余各科均为高后验概率(PP=1.0)支持的单系类群；文中作者还对各科间的系统关系进行了探讨。

Trees evergreen; trunk monopodial, straight; branches nearly whorled; branchlets ridged and grooved, with each leaf borne on a persistent, peglike base; short branchlets absent; winter buds ovoid, conical, or subglobose, resinous or not, scales on terminal buds recurved or not, persistent at base of branchlets.

常绿乔木树干单轴分枝，直；分枝差不多轮生；小枝具脊和凹槽，有每叶生于一持久，钉状基础；短小枝无；卵球形，圆锥状的冬芽，或近球形，与否树脂，由顶芽开出的鳞片与否，宿存在基部的小枝。

Cephalomappa is a monotypic genus endemic to Southweste and west of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. Its fresh leaves are used as feeding stuff for cattle, horse, sheep and can make them strong.

肥牛树为大戟科一单种属植物，肥牛树为优良木本饲料树种，是牛、马、羊的好饲料，据文献报道：用该植物的叶以饲牛，可使牛肥壮，故有肥牛树的名称。

Mutualism is a relationship between individuals of different species that benefits all the partners. However, this interaction may also be described as mutual exploitation. The "host sanctions effect" predicts that the hosts punish partners that cheat by receiving benefits without paying for them. Fig trees and their fig-pollinating wasps constitute a mutualistic system with a mainly one-to-one relationship.

为验证榕树与其传粉榕小蜂这一严格的、一对一的互利共生系统中是否存在寄主惩罚效应，作者于2007年在云南省西双版纳热带植物园中对雌雄同株的垂叶榕仍进行了单果放蜂实验。

Inflorescence iterauctant, fully bracteate, subtended by a broad 2-keeled prophyll; pseudospikelets rarely solitary, usually several to many clustered to capitate on flowering branches.

花序iterauctant，完全具苞片，通过一宽的2龙骨状的先出叶被包着； pseudospikelets很少单生，通常对在花枝上头状的数枚到多数簇生。

The results were as follows: 1 There were 7 133 trees, belonging to 23 species and 18 genera and 13 families, and their average DBH, crown and height were respectively 27.59 cm, 4.10 m and 6.94 m. In general their average crown was relative small. 2 S, H (Shannon-Wiener index), and D of biodiversity index were small, and there were the obvious difference in those indexes among different streets, which suggested that there were certain monotone of the tree species and structure layer. 3 The dominant species mainly consisted of evergreen trees that were Ficus virens var. sublanveolata, Ficus benjamina, Roystonea regia, Terminalia hainanensis, T.

结果表明：1梅州城区行道树共有13科18属23种7133株，其平均胸径、平均冠幅、平均树高分别为27.59cm，4.10m，6.94m，总体上看，平均冠幅偏小；2物种丰富度指数S、Shannon-Wiener指数H和Simpson指数D偏小且各道路间差异明显，说明各道路行道树存在一定程度的物种单一性、层次的单调性；3梅州市城区行道树优势树种是大叶榕、垂榕、大王椰子，次优势种为海南榄仁、阿珍榄仁、阴香，它们是梅州城市街道绿化的好树种。

Branches solitary at all nodes; leaf sheath auricles and oral setae absent.

在全部节的分枝单生；叶鞘的叶耳和口头的刚毛无。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。