单分子的

Elementary reaction is one that is unimolecular; An activated complex may include the

a 元反应是指单分子反应；活化络合物可能将催化剂作为其结构的一部分

A surface-modified adsorbent is a support bearing at the surface of a chemically bonded "monomolecular" layer of adsorbing groups, which provides fast kinetics of the recovery and elution of the molecules and ions under study.5–9 SPE by use of alkyl-bonded silica gels has been widely applied in the environmental analysis of polyaromatic hydrocarbons, pesticides, substances of biochemical origin and other organic compounds.

表面改性吸附剂是一种载体，它负载在一层化学键合的单分子吸附性官能团的表层，为所研究的分子和离子的回收和洗脱提供了快速动力。使用含烷基的硅胶的SPE技术已经被广泛应用到芳烃聚合物、农药、生物成因物质以及其他有机化合物的环境分析中。

We found that during the growth process the double steps first grow separately and the connected by short bridge before tangential growth. After eighth or ninth layer the spiral steps would merge into intact elliptic layers. At the merging point right-handed spiral sources might appear but the left ones always overgrow it which made the whole growth topography looked like left-handed apparently. It indicated that the EAFP molecules has strong ability to adjust itself to adapt the environment. 5. Through various analysis of interactions in the EAFP crystals it indicated that there were 218 residue interactions between 12 symmetry-related EAFP molecules around one EAFP molecule, 18 strong ones and 72 weak ones .

EAFP在低过饱和度下的螺旋生长过程中会出现台阶的合并，从而表现出单-双的螺旋台阶，在小范围扫描中捕获到了这种现象，使得对螺旋生长台阶的合并过程有了更加深入的认识；并且台阶的生长受到沿晶体学b轴方向上的21螺旋对称的控制；当台阶生长至第八到第九层时，螺旋台阶会自动地形成完整的生长层，这充分说明了EAFP分子或分子簇具有良好的自身调节能力，这样在晶体生长过程中，晶体的缺陷减少，晶体质量提高，这也可说明EAFP晶体的x射线衍射能力很强的原因。

Resonant laser ablation is a two-step process, occurring within a pulse of a tunable laser, in which the leading edge of the laser pulse ablates the surface of the solid sample to produce neutral atoms or molecules that are then resonantly ionized by the trailing edge of the same pulse.

共振激光烧蚀技术是指发生在同一激光脉冲时间内的两步过程，它是指用波长可调谐的染料激光取代固定波长输出的激光，并调谐激光输出波长实现所研究原子或分子电子态之间的共振跃迁，激光单次脉冲的前沿对样品进行烧蚀，烧蚀的物质在激光光束内形成粒子气团，同一次激光脉冲的后沿实现对气相原子或分子的共振电离。

Its hydrophilic groups is the inside carbonyl and amine base, and its lipophilic groups is the inside hydrocarbon chain and outer methyl. PAMAM of integral generation basically has not the surface activity. Its reason is that its outer groups is acylamino groups having very strong hydrophilicity so as not to reduce the surface tension of water. PAMAM different from traditional surfactant, have not critical micelle concentration, and exist in the form of "unimolecule micelle" in water.

结果表明：半代的PAMAM水溶液的表面活性与其分子具有两亲结构有关，亲水基团是内部的羰基和胺基，亲油基团是内部的碳氢链和外层的甲基；整代的PAMAM水溶液基本上没有表面活性，其原因是其最外层基团是酰胺基，亲水性很强，不能降低水的表面张力；树状大分子与传统的表面活性剂不同，不存在临界胶束浓度，在水中是以&单分子胶束&形式存在。

To summarize molecular, morphology, chromosome and pollen characters, the conclusion was reached that Epimedium was an nd monophyletic taxon. To divide the genus into any groups would be artificial. It is proposed that the disjunction by space, climate and seas were the main reason of respectively differentiation of each group by the view of geographic and climate changes in the temperate zone of the world. Because of its evolution-conservation, the disjunction did not bring about obvious divergence on the level of molecular and morphology.

综合分子特征和形态、细胞学、孢粉学等性状，提出淫羊藿属是一个进化上极为保守的、自然的单系的植物类群，进行属下任何阶元的划分都将是人为的，从旧世界温带的地质变化及气候变迁的角度推测，空间、气候和海洋的隔离是产生类群各自分化的主要原因，但由于其进化上极度保守，这些隔离尚未产生出类群间形态上和分子水平上的明显趋异。

Halogenated aromatic compounds with great q〓(the most negative net atomic charges on an atom of the molecule), ENC (electron-nuclear attraction energy of the one-center term for the carbon atoms of the weakest carbon-halogen bond), qc (thenet atomic charges on the carbon atom of the weakest carbon-halogen bond) and E〓 tend to be reductively dehalogenated slow, while halogenated aromatic compounds with high values of △E (the difference of front-line orbital energy), EEC (electron-electron repulsion energy of the one-center term for the carbon atoms of the weakest carbon-halogen bond), Mw, q〓 and α tend to be reductively dehalogenated fast.

卤代芳烃化合物的整个分子的最负的原子净电荷，键序最小的碳卤键中碳原子的单中心项电子-核吸引能，该碳-卤键上碳原子的净电荷和E〓与该卤代芳烃化合物还原脱卤的速率常数负相关；而前线轨道间隙能，键序最小的碳卤键中碳原子的单中心项电子-电子推斥能，Mw，q〓和α与该卤代芳烃化合物还原脱卤的速率常数正相关。

The direct interaction of copper ion with CuZnSOD was studied by fluorescence spectroscopy, and a type of 1:1 stable complex has been generated, which was certified by the quenching experiment of intrinsic fluorescence. The process of the generated complex shown by dynamic analysis of fluorescence quenching, consisted of two steps, in which the first step was a quick association process of double molecules to generate a loose complex, and the second step was a slow process of single molecule, where the loose complex was isomerized into the compact complex.

通过荧光光谱方法研究了这种相互作用，内源荧光的猝灭实验表明Cu(上标 2+)与CuZnSOD形成1：1型稳定配合物；荧光猝灭的动力学分析表明配合物形成过程由两个独立步骤完成：第一步是双分子快速缔合过程，形成了结合疏松的配合物，第二步是单分子慢速过程，即松散的配合物&异构化&成为结合紧密的配合物。

The direct interaction of copper ion with CuZnSOD was studied by fluorescence spectroscopy, and a type of 1∶1 stable complex has been generated, which was certified by the quenching experiment of intrinsic fluorescence. The process of the generated complex shown by dynamic analysis of fluorescence quenching, consisted of two steps, in which the first step was a quick association process of double molecules to generate a loose complex, and the second step was a slow process of single molecule, where the loose complex was isomerized into the compact complex.

通过荧光光谱方法研究了这种相互作用，内源荧光的猝灭实验表明Cu2＋与CuZnSOD形成1∶1型稳定配合物；荧光猝灭的动力学分析表明配合物形成过程由两个独立步骤完成：第一步是双分子快速缔合过程，形成了结合疏松的配合物，第二步是单分子慢速过程，即松散的配合物&异构化&成为结合紧密的配合物。

By RAIRS results we speculate that multilayer BrCH2CH2Br absorb in trans form mainly and below monolayer BrCH2CH2Br dissociatively absorb on the surfaces in -C-C-Br skeleton lay down on surfaces.

由RAIRS的结果我们推测在乾净的Cu(100)表面上，BrCH2CH2Br的多层分子主要是以trans form吸附，单分子层以下的BrCH2CH2Br则是分解性的吸附在表面上，以-C-C-Br骨架躺下的位向吸附。

The labia have now been sutured together almost completely.The drains and the Foley catheter come out at the top.

此刻阴唇已经几乎完全的缝在一起了，排除多余淤血体液的管子和Foley导管从顶端冒出来。

To get the business done, I suggest we split the difference in price.

为了做成这笔生意，我建议我们在价格上大家各让一半。