单分子的

His other contributions include relativistic cosmology, capillary action, critical opalescence, classical problems of statistical mechanics and their application to quantum theory, an explanation of the Brownian movement of molecules, atomic transition probabilities, the quantum theory of a monatomic gas, thermal properties of light with low radiation density (which laid the foundation for the photon theory), a theory of radiation including stimulated emission, the conception of a unified field theory, and the geometrization of physics.

的经典问题和它们的量子理论的应用，解释了布朗分子运动，原子跃进概率，单原子气体的量子论，地辐射密度的光的热性质，包括受激发射的放射理论，统一场论的概念和物力几何化。爱因斯坦写了多于50篇的科学著作，也包括非科学的书。1999年爱因斯坦被时代杂志封为"世纪人物"，一份有卓越成就的物理学家的民意测验封他为无论何时都是最伟大的物理学家。现代文化认为"爱因斯坦"和天才是同一个意思。

The bulky ortho-brominated aryl groups are implanted to create nonplanarity around amino center. Thus, the effective conjugation length to the protonation site is shortened and the energy gap between neutral and protonated forms is narrowed. The protonation can only occur at the nitrogen atom of the benzothiazole and the temperature variation disturbs the equilibrium between the neutral and monocation and the reverible thermochromic effect can thus be achieved.

在邻位的位置引入立体阻碍大的溴原子，进而控制质子化过程的酸碱平衡只发生在 benzothiazole 上的氮原子上，企图达到只有中性分子，与单阳离子两种稳定的形式存在，经由外界的刺激下，例如温度或酸的量的改变，促使逆反应的发生，而达到热致变色的效果。

In D3 gene with 5 site mutations. There exists individual variation in the COII gene, but this variation is less than that among other members of Myzomyia Series such as An. aconitus, An. jeyporiensis, etc. In addition, one haplotype different from both An. minimus A and C was found in these 3 genes studied.②The genetic distance between An. minimus A and An. minimus C is less than that among other members of Myzomyia Series. Molecular trees based on different genes and different methods show that An.

种系发生研究表明，微小按蚊复合体亲缘种A、C间的遗传距离远小于与之近缘的同系其它成员间的距离。2个分子标记3种方法构建的基因树显示，微小按蚊A、C的种系地位非常固定，不同地域来源、不同变异类型的微小按蚊始终在同一分&枝&上，与迈蚊系其它成员相比，呈现其相对稳固的单源性。

Four aspects of research achievements include:(1)several imaging correction methods and strained estimation methods for biological tissues elasticity imaging were investigated as well as elasticity reconstruction and phantom, in vitro and in vivo elasticity imaging experiments;(2)in the fields of biological microsystem and perfusion evaluation for microvascular system, three kinds of microbubbles whose shell are albumin, sugar ester and surfactant respectively were designed and produced, then the methods to estimate the thickness of their shells were presented, moreover, the interacting mechanism of ultrasound contrast agents and tissues, as well as protein drug delivery under the condition of ultrasound sonification were studied in the molecular level;(3) At the aspect of high intensity focused ultrasound therapy system, we designed and constructed the 256-element HIFU transducers using 1-3 composite materials. And furthermore we developed the integrated HIFU system with 256-element HIFU transducers. And we made preliminary and important progresses in the research of HIFU bioeffect, lesion estimation, techniques of monitoring and imaging and characterizing of structure of HIFU transducer;(4)The real-time method of voice source regeneration based on compensative regulation of physiological parameters was investigated in the field of medical rehabilitation. We addressed the physiology and biophysics of vocalization, modeled voice source regeneration based on compensative regulation mechanism, and put forward an integrated evaluation about the speech rehabilitation and the regenerated voice source; Sixty-one archived journal papers were published, as well as ten in international journals, and eighteen publications were embodied by SCI.

成果包括：（1）在生物组织弹性成像方面，研究了多种图像校正方法和应变估计方法，进行了弹性重构和仿体、离体及在体超声弹性成像实验研究；（2）在生物微系统和微血管血流灌注成像方面，制备了三种不同包膜超声造影微泡，研究了纳米包膜厚度检测与估计方法以及不同纳米包膜造影微泡断裂与药物释放机制，并在分子层次上开展了超声与生物组织相互作用机制以及蛋白质药物超声乳化微囊包裹的研究；（3）在阵列式高强聚焦超声治疗与监控成像技术方面，设计制作了新的HIFU换能器，解决了256阵元单焦点和多焦点合成HIFU治疗系统关键技术问题，并在HIFU生物效应与创伤性评价方法、HIFU过程监控成像技术和薄层复合结构与HIFU 换能器界面特性评价等方面的研究取得了初步而重要的进展，具有重要应用前景；（4）在语音听觉系统特别是嗓音康复方面，研究了基于发声系统补偿调节机制的实时多模式嗓音源再生方法和发声生理，建立基于神经、肌肉和空气动力系统的综合补偿调节模型，提出了相应的评价系统。

Four aspects of research achievements include:(1)several imaging correction methods and strained estimation methods for biological tissues elasticity imaging were investigated as well as elasticity reconstruction and phantom, in vitro and in vivo elasticity imaging experiments;(2)in the fields of biological microsystem and perfusion evaluation for microvascular system, three kinds of microbubbles whose shell are albumin, sugar ester and surfactant respectively were designed and produced, then the methods to estimate the thickness of their shells were presented, moreover, the interacting mechanism of ultrasound contrast agents and tissues, as well as protein drug delivery under the condition of ultrasound sonification were studied in the molecular level;(3) At the aspect of high intensity focused ultrasound therapy system, we designed and constructed the 256-element HIFU transducers using 1-3 composite materials. And furthermore we developed the integrated HIFU system with 256-element HIFU transducers. And we made preliminary and important progresses in the research of HIFU bioeffect, lesion estimation, techniques of monitoring and imaging and characterizing of structure of HIFU transducer;(4)The real-time method of voice source regeneration based on compensative regulation of physiological parameters was investigated in the field of medical rehabilitation. We addressed the physiology and biophysics of vocalization, modeled voice source regeneration based on compensative regulation mechanism, and put forward an integrated evaluation about the speech rehabilitation and the regenerated voice source; Sixty-one archived journal papers were published, as well as ten in international journals, and eighteen publications were embodied by SCI.

中文摘要：成果包括：（1）在生物组织弹性成像方面，研究了多种图像校正方法和应变估计方法，进行了弹性重构和仿体、离体及在体超声弹性成像实验研究；（2）在生物微系统和微血管血流灌注成像方面，制备了三种不同包膜超声造影微泡，研究了纳米包膜厚度检测与估计方法以及不同纳米包膜造影微泡断裂与药物释放机制，并在分子层次上开展了超声与生物组织相互作用机制以及蛋白质药物超声乳化微囊包裹的研究；（3）在阵列式高强聚焦超声治疗与监控成像技术方面，设计制作了新的HIFU换能器，解决了256阵元单焦点和多焦点合成HIFU治疗系统关键技术问题，并在HIFU生物效应与创伤性评价方法、HIFU过程监控成像技术和薄层复合结构与HIFU 换能器界面特性评价等方面的研究取得了初步而重要的进展，具有重要应用前景；（4）在语音听觉系统特别是嗓音康复方面，研究了基于发声系统补偿调节机制的实时多模式嗓音源再生方法和发声生理，建立基于神经、肌肉和空气动力系统的综合补偿调节模型，提出了相应的评价系统。

Further picosecond PL studies on dendronized PFs show that the fluorene-based emission in dilute solution follows a single exponential decay, whereas those in thin film decayed in a multi-phase manner and the lifetime prolongs with the generation of dendronization. These observations are discussed in terms of dispersive transport happening between adjacent chains in film. The dispersive relaxation can be controlled by site isolation of bulky dendrons. Our results prove that dendronization is highly effective in controlling the inter-chain interactions of fluorene-based polymers.

不同代数树枝化聚芴的时间分辨荧光动力学研究结果表明，溶液状态下的发光为单指数衰减行为，而薄膜状态下的发光为多指数衰减行为，且其发光寿命随树枝化代数增加而增长，表明树枝化基团抑制了邻近的聚芴分子之间能量传递所致的激发态能量耗散。

Molecular iodine has several hundred strong absorption lines near 532nm,several absorption lines were observed by using single-frequeny Nd:YVO4/KTP laser. There are new absorption lines which are not included in the nine groups recommended by CCDM in 1997.The wavelengths of these lines have been measured and the frequency stabilization investigated.

碘分子在532nm附近有上百条强的吸收谱线，采用单频Nd：YVO4／KTP激光对碘的一些吸收谱线作了观测，并进行了激光频率稳定的研究，这些吸收谱线是1997年9月国际米定义咨询委员会推荐作为频标的9组532nm碘吸收谱线之外的新的参考谱线。

By simulating the absorption spectrum of molecule iodine absorption filter ranges from 470nm~550nm, this paper selects the absorption spectrum of molecule iodine absorption filter that satisfies the requirement of frequency discriminator in detecting system and ascertains the center emission frequency of laser emitter.

以基于边缘探测技术的激光雷达监测大气信道和海洋水下信道环境参数为例，通过仿真出碘分子吸收滤波器在470nm～550nm区间范围内的吸收光谱谱线，选择出合适的吸收谱线并确定发射激光信号的中心频率，并在此基础上，给出了满足探测要求的激光发射信号单稳频指标，为实际探测系统的设计奠定基础。

In order to study themolecular and regulation mechanism deeply, in this study, based on constructing suitableNILs of total RNA pools of opposite maize and mutual maize, singleendonuclease digestion cDNA-AFLP technology was applied to screen , isolation andbioinformatics analyze the gene differentially expressed fragments related to the oppos...

为了深入地研究这一珍贵突变材料形成的分子机理和调控机制，本研究中，通过构建合适的玉米对生、互生近等基因系总 RNA池，采用改进的单酶切cDNA-AFLP 技术，对扩增的玉米对生性状相关基因的差异表达片段进行筛选、分离和生物信息学分析。

Our calculations show that the introduction of substituents with various electron effects in various ways may tune the spatial distributions of singly occupied molecular orbitals and the SOMO-SOMO energy splittings, and leads to tunable magnetic coupling properties.

我们的计算表明，通过以不同的方式引入不同电子效应的取代基可以调控两个单占分子轨道的空间分布以及SOMO-SOMO能隙，最终调控双自由基体系的磁耦合性质。

The labia have now been sutured together almost completely.The drains and the Foley catheter come out at the top.

此刻阴唇已经几乎完全的缝在一起了，排除多余淤血体液的管子和Foley导管从顶端冒出来。

To get the business done, I suggest we split the difference in price.

为了做成这笔生意，我建议我们在价格上大家各让一半。