单分子层

A surface-modified adsorbent is a support bearing at the surface of a chemically bonded "monomolecular" layer of adsorbing groups, which provides fast kinetics of the recovery and elution of the molecules and ions under study.5–9 SPE by use of alkyl-bonded silica gels has been widely applied in the environmental analysis of polyaromatic hydrocarbons, pesticides, substances of biochemical origin and other organic compounds.

表面改性吸附剂是一种载体，它负载在一层化学键合的单分子吸附性官能团的表层，为所研究的分子和离子的回收和洗脱提供了快速动力。使用含烷基的硅胶的SPE技术已经被广泛应用到芳烃聚合物、农药、生物成因物质以及其他有机化合物的环境分析中。

The monolayers of LPSQ can be successfully transferred onto hydrophobic surface of silicon wafer or quartz plate to develop a very stable and uniform Y-type Langmuir-Blodgett film when using toluene as the spreading solvent at proper surface pressure.

在适当的表面压下，以甲苯为铺展溶剂该单分子层可以被成功地转移至疏水的硅片或石英片上形成均一稳定的Y-型LB膜，其紫外吸收强度在几个月内均保持不变，说明该LB膜具有良好的稳定性，AFM图像表明其形成了均一致密的膜。

Langmuir isothermal absorption equation for unimolecular layer was analyzed. Based on the data obtained from the isothermal absorption experiments for caramel and alkaline degradation products to glucose on fresh calcium phosphate precipitates in sugar solution with different mass concentrations, a mathematical model describing isothermal absorption for this kind of fresh solid phase in multi-component liquid phase was established by modern computer technology.

通过分析单分子层等温吸附Langmuir方程，以不同质量浓度蔗糖溶液中新生磷酸钙固相对焦糖、葡萄糖碱性降解物的等温吸附实验数据为基础，利用现代计算机技术建立了描述这类新生固相在多组分液相中的等温吸附过程的数学模型。

Specifically, itcontains 8 chapters.In chapter 1, the formation, structures, properties and the futureprospect of liposome were thoroughly reviewed;In chapter 2, the stibility and permeability of phopholipid -eleostericacid liposome were studied together with the effect of polymerizationof eleostearic acid. This membrane system was very sensitive to 〓,the effect of 〓 was clarified to increase the aggregation/fusion ofliposomes and made the permeability of mixed liposomes much higher;In chapter 3, two polymerizable conjugated diyne bolaamphiphiles were synthesized. They could form very stable mixed liposome, andthe diyne could be polymerized by UV light in bilayer liposomes, as aresult, the stability of mixed liposome against solvent or surfactantafter polymerization were enhanced. In chapter 4, two kinds of amphiphilic amino acids were synthesized andstable liposomes were formed therefrom After the condensationpolymerization of amino acid in bilayer liposomes, stable polypeptide liposomes were obtained, which had lower phase transition temperatureand higher permeability.In chapter 5, four kinds of glycolipids were synthesized and theiraggregation behavior in water was comparied. When incorporated intophospholipid bilayer membranes, they could increase the phase transitiontemperatures and inhibit the aggregation and fusion of mixedliposomesat lower temperature.In chapter 6 and 7, three kinds of steroidal bolaamphiphiles withdifferent chain lengths were synthesized. Incorporation of steroidalmoiety to the center of lipid bilayer membrane obviously increased themobility of lipid membrane and shifted Tc to lower temperature side incomparasion with cholesterol. The bolaamphiphile which was shorter thanthe hosted lipid bilayer membrane thickness influenced the lipid packingmore obviously.

全文共分8章：第一章对脂质体的形成、结构、性质及展望进行了较为详细的文献综述；第二章研究了磷脂-桐酸脂质体的稳定性，通透能力及桐酸的聚合对这些性质的影响；磷脂-桐酸混合脂质体为一类对〓灵敏的脂质体，〓的作用首先是使脂质体集聚然后使脂质体融合，并加速内包荧光物的释放；第三章通过合成两种可聚合共轭双炔双极性双亲分子DDCA，DDOL，研究了共双炔分子在双分子层脂质体膜上的聚合及对脂质体性质的影响，聚合可以提高脂质体相对于溶剂及表面活性剂的稳定性；第四章合成了两类氨基酸为极性基团的双亲分子，它们均可以在超声下形成稳定的脂质体结构；氨基酸基团可以在脂质体上进行缩聚反应，若聚合后脂质体表面仍有足够的亲水能力，则可得到稳定的多肽型脂质体；聚合后脂质体的相变温度降低，通透能力增加；第五章合成了四种亲水基团为单糖基的双亲分子GL-l，GL-2，GL-3， GL-4，研究了它们在水中的分散情况、集合体形态与分子结构的关系；在DMPC双分子层膜中加入糖脂分子可以使脂质体的相变温度提高，阻止脂质体在低温放置时的集聚与融合；第六章-第七章合成了三种不同碳链长度的双极性含胆甾环双亲分子 CL-1，CL-2，CL-3；它们可以象胆固醇一样与磷脂混合形成稳定脂质体，胆甾环基团位于脂质体双分子层膜的中间；与胆固醇的作用相反，它们可以增加磷脂双分子层膜的流动性，降低混合脂质体的相变温度；三种分子的作用与其碳链长度和磷脂双分子层膜的厚度有关，比膜厚度短的分子影响最大。

As an experiment, Mercapto to modify Neisseria gonorrhoeae probe is used to prove the system. A Self-Assembled Monolayer is affixed to the probe in which 6-Mercaptohexanol is blocked.

以巯基修饰淋病奈瑟氏菌探针为例验证该系统，利用自组装单分子层技术(Self-Assembled Monolayer，SAM)固定探针。

Investigated the organic surface modification of anatase titanium dioxide pigment and its adsorption mode. It was founded that the surface hydroxyl groups are the active centers for olefinic acid. The adsorption of modifier fit Langmuir single molecule layer adsorption mode.

研究了锐钛型钛白的有机表面改性及表面吸附模型，认为表面羟基是有机烯酸表面改性的活性中心，改性剂在钛白表面的吸附符合Langmuir单分子层吸附模型。

The results are as follows:(1) immunoreactive neurons of NPY in medulla oblongata of Taihe silky fowl, New jianghan domestic chicken are mainly localized in the inferior olivary nucleus.

结果如下：(1)在泰和乌鸡和江汉鸡的延髓中，NPY阳性神经元主要存在于下橄榄核，网状核及中缝核也少量出现；(2)在泰和乌鸡和肉鸽的小脑中，NPY阳性神经元主要存在于小脑皮质的蒲肯野氏细胞层，且以小叶顶端的蒲肯野氏细胞阳性明显，而小脑皮质的分子层、颗粒层未见阳性反应细胞；(3)泰和乌鸡延髓的网状细胞核非常发达；泰和乌鸡小脑皮质分3层，由外至内依次为分子层、蒲肯野氏细胞层和颗粒层；小脑分10叶，Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅹ为单叶，其余各叶都分为2～3个小叶；(4)非洲鸵鸟迷走神经运动背核和疑核特别发达，孤束核吻侧部不发达。

Their corrosion inhibition action of stainless steel in hydrofluoric acid is studied by adsorption theory and electrochemical polarization-curve method,the mechanism of corrosion inhibition action is analyzed.the result shows that the single molecule layer of these compounds is adsorbed on the surface of the stainless steel and followed Langmuir isothermal equation. the adsorption procedure of propiolic alcohol is endothermic reaction, the adsorption ability and corrosion inhibition efficiency increased when temperature rised. The adsorption procedure of other three compounds are all exothermic reaction , the adsorption ability and corrosion inhibition efficiency decreased when temperature increased.

实验结果表明：这几种物质在不锈钢表面产生单分子层吸附，并且满足Langmuir吸附规律，丙炔醇的吸附过程为吸热反应，随着温度的升高，吸附能力增强，缓蚀率升高；其它三种化合物的吸附过程均为放热反应，温度升高，吸附能力下降，缓蚀率降低。

The method by drying/adsorption was used to prepare DNA adsorptively modified electrodes, and thus-resulting DNA-modified electrodes were electrochemically and spectroscopically characterized, including cyclic voltammetry, scanning tunneling microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, in-situ UV/Vis reflection spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and alternating current impedance. Some information about the state of DNA immobilized on electrode surfaces was obtained.

鉴于此，本论文工作首先利用简便的干燥吸附法制备获得DNA吸附修饰电极，采用电化学方法及多种谱学仪器方法如STM，XPS，Raman，交流阻抗，UV-Vis现场光谱等对DNA修饰电极进行了表征，获得了有关DNA在电极表面状态等有价值的信息；又采用自组装单分子层修饰技术，制备出DNA共价键合修饰SAM/电极，并对制备条件进行了优化，利用XPS及电化学方法对修饰电极进行了表征。

Below monolayer exposure, BrCH2CH2Br will decompose to gaseous C2H4 . Between 0.5-6L exposures, C2H4 desorbs at ~210K and among 2L exposure, C2H4 desorbs at 130K.

单分子层以下的BrCH2CH2Br曝露量，BrCH2CH2Br会在表面上分解形成C2H4脱附，曝露量0.5-6L时，C2H4有~210K的脱附峰，曝露量在2L以上时，C2H4有130K的脱附峰。

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失