单倍体的

Part one: Previous results indicated that the abnormal development of haploid goldfish embryos is due to the expression obstruction of some proteins, which are correlative with eyes development, nerve development, development regulation, cell differentiation and maintenance, arthromere formation and signal transduction.

第一部分金鱼雌核发育过程中胚胎蛋白质组比较研究前期已发表的工作表明在金鱼雌核发育眼睛形成期(受精后26个小时)单倍体上一些与眼睛发育、神经发育、发育调控等相关的重要蛋白质未能被选择表达或表达受阻，从而导致单倍体发育畸形。

The results indicated that there was a evident correlationship between chromocenter diameter,heterochromatin number and plant ploidy level.The chromocenter diameter and heterochromatin number of haploid and double haploid are 5.1,5.0 μm and 13.3,11.9 μm respectively.

研究发现，黄瓜染色中心直径和异染色质数目与植株倍性呈正相关，可作为黄瓜倍性鉴定的间接指标，其中单倍体染色中心直径平均为5 1μm，双单倍体为13 3μm，单倍体异染色质数目平均5 0，双单倍体为11 9。

The results also indicated that there was a evident correlationship between chromocenter diameter, heterochromatin number and the plant ploidy level. The chromocenter diameter and heterochromatin number of haploid and double haploid are 5.1um, 5.2 and 13.3um, 10.7, respectively.2. Ploidy Determination in CucumberCucwm/5 sativus L.

同时研究中还发现，黄瓜染色中心直径和异染色质数目与植株倍性呈正相关，可作为黄瓜倍性鉴定的间接指标，其中单倍体染色中心直径平均为5.1um、双单倍体为13.3um，单倍体异染色质数目平均为5.2，双单倍体为10.7。

The potential of moss as a model system to study plant biological process is associated with their relatively simple developmental pattern and the dominance of the haploid gametophyte in the life cycle.

苔藓植物具有相对简单的发育模式，单倍体的配子体在其生活史中占主导地位，作为研究植物生物学过程的模式系统具有诸多的优越性。

An efficient and stable system for cucumber haploid production via in vitro gynogenesis wasestablished in Tianjin Keneil Cucumber Research Institute.

天津科润黄瓜研究所在国内首次通过黄瓜未受精子房培养获得单倍体植株，建立了高效、稳定的黄瓜单倍体诱导体系。

The results showed that there were different and heterosis in rates of induced haploid among material of induced haploid.

结果表明，不同诱导材料的单倍体诱导率存在较大差异，单倍体诱导率可能存在超亲优势。

Currently, widely application of this technology depends on the haploid doubling efficiency.

单倍体高效率加倍是单倍体技术能否广泛应用于育种实践的关键因素。

The results showed that the number of chromosome, which was from the cultured seedlings of meristem tip and the rank seedlings of meristem tip, was not altered, both the number were 2n=16,the hereditary stability of callus and regeneration plant was poor; and the variation percentage of chromosome in callus was 43.4%, among which haploid accounted for 6.7%, triploid accounted for 2.5%,tetraploid accounted for 10%,pentaploid accounted for 4.2%,hexaploid accounted for 3.3%,septuploid accounted for 4.2%,octoploid accounted for 3.3%,dysploid accounted for 9.2%;the chromosome variation percentage of differentiation seedlings derived from callus was11.7%,among which haploid was 6.7%,triploid accounted for 1.7%,tetraploid was 3.3%.

结果表明，茎尖分生组织培养的幼苗及丛生苗遗传稳定，其染色体未发生倍性变异，均为2n=16；愈伤组织及其再生苗遗传稳定性较差，愈伤组织染色体数变异率为43.4%，其中单倍体占6.7%、三倍体占2.5%、四倍体占10%、五倍体占4.2%、六倍体占3.3%、七倍体占4.2%、八倍体占3.3%、非整倍体占9.2%；愈伤组织分化苗染色体变异率为11.7%，其中单倍体占6.7%，三倍体占1.7%，四倍体占3.3%。

Gametic selection was assessed with a doubled haploid population including 1 35 lines derived from anther culture of a typical indica and /japonica cross, ZYQ 8/JX 1 7, by investigating the segregation and recombination of morphological characters, isozymes and RFLP markers.

对典型的灿与粳稻杂种，窄叶青8号／京系17F1花药进行培养获得的132个双单倍体的形态特性、同工酶与RFLP标记的分离与重组进行了考察分析，研究是否存在配子选择问题。

The moss Physcomitrella patens exhibits a very high rate of homologous recombination in its nuclear DNA, making gene targeting approaches in this plant as convenient as in yeast or in ES cells of mice.

苔藓植物具有相对简单的发育模式，单倍体的配子体在其生活史中占主导地位，作为研究植物生物学过程的模式系统具有诸多的优越性。

She gently rebuff ed him, but agreed that they could be friends

她婉言拒绝了，但同意作为朋友相处。

If in the penal farm, you were sure to be criticized.

要是在劳改农场，你等着挨绳子吧！