单一

No single factor can be marked out as the universal cause of hair diseases.

没有任何单一因素可以标出的普遍原因，头发的疾病。

Factorial designs involves two or more independent variables, called factors, in a single design.

因素设计包含两个或两个以上的自变量，在单一设计中被成为因素。

A diet history may reveal food faddism, lack of variety, or inadequate or excessive intake of energy and essential nutrient s.

通过膳食史可以发现是否是时尚饮食、食物品种是否单一、能量和必需营养素摄入不足或过多等情况。

It is the first important step in video analysis and will directly affects the effectiveness of indexing Shot boundary detection is one of our major research interests and we will tackle the following existing problems the ambiguity between gradual change and camera motion, the discontinuity during gradual change, false detection caused by illumination variation and flashlight, automatic threshold selection Firstly, we discuss shot boundary detection in non-compressed domain In chapter 2, we compare some of the commonly used detection methods which are based on frame difference and point out that single feature will not generate good results As a conclusion, we use fuzzy logic to combine multiple features Presently, most frame difference based shot boundary detection algorithms rely on threshold and hence the selection of such thresholds will greatly affect the performance of boundary detection We propose a membership function to define frame difference and calculate the membership with self adaptation according to the statistic distribution of frame differences to satisfy different type of video clips Experiments show that the proposed fuzzy shot boundary detection algorithm can be used with different video types and has a high detection precision and recall In chapter 3, we discuss model-based shot boundary detection algorithms regarding chromatic and spatial editing effects such as fade-in, fade-out, dissolve and wipe Various parameters are proposed to better describe the characteristics of each editing type.

镜头边界的检测是把视频自动地分割为一个个镜头，作为基本的索引单元，因此它是视频分析重要的第一步，直接影响到视频检索的成败。镜头边界的检测是本文研究的重点之一。目前镜头边界检测算法主要存在以下问题：渐变与镜头运动难以区别；渐变过程中的不连续与停顿、光照条件的变化及闪光灯等特殊情况会引起误检测；自动选择阈值比较困难等。本文首先针对非压缩域视频进行了镜头边界检测的研究。在第二章中我们采用了比较流行的基于帧间差的方法。在比较各种帧间差计算方法的基础上，指出使用单一的特征难以取得很好的检测效果，提出用模糊逻辑综合使用各种特征。目前大多数基于帧间差的镜头边界检测算法都采用阈值法进行镜头转换的判别。阈值选择的误差对检测性能有较大的影响，本文提出用隶属度函数定义帧间差较大、中等较大和较小等概念，并根据帧间差的统计分布自适应地确定隶属度，以适应不同类型的视频片断。实验结果表明这种基于糊逻辑的镜头边界检测算法可以适应不同的视频，并具有较高的检测精度和检出率。在第三章中采用基于模型的方法进行镜头渐变的检测，研究了淡入／淡出、慢转换和扫换的模型。

Fail-safe stance involves designing a system in such a way that even if one or more components fail, you can still ensure some level of security.

失效安全指的是在设计时考量当系统的单一或多个元件失效时，如何能够确保一定等级的安全性。

James, the former by his 1d bazaar at 42 George's street, south, the latter at his 6 1/2d shop and world's fancy fair and waxwork exhibition at 30 Henry street, admission 2d, children 1d: and the infinite possibilities hitherto unexploited of the modern art of advertisement if condensed in triliteral monoideal symbols, vertically of maximum visibility, horizontally of maximum legibility and of magnetising efficacy to arrest involuntary attention, to interest, to convince, to decide.

前者是在南乔治街四十二号举办一便士展销会，后者在亨利街三十号开了一爿六便士半店铺并举办世界小商品市场和蜡制品展览会，门票：成人两便士，儿童一便士。还有近代广告术方面迄未开拓的无限可能性。如果压缩成三字母单一观念的记号，那就是：竖着，能够最大限度地看到；横着，能够最大限度地读到，还有着不知不觉地吸引人的注意力，产生兴趣，使之信服并采取行动的催眠般功效。

Faraday,The Chemical History of a Candle: Water is one individual thing --- it never changes.

法拉第在《蜡烛的化学史》中说：水是一种单一的东西，从不变化。

My company's annual optimize the structure of export products, export products from the original low-level products (hand tools, farm tools, etc.) to the development of cars, tractors and other deep-processing of senior products, from single components to the fine development of measuring instruments, precision Metal machine tools, large particles, such as steam-reduction technology-intensive products from the traditional mechanical and electrical equipment (motors, diesel engines, etc.) to the development of the computer, power station equipment, and other high-tech products.

我公司的出口产品结构逐年优化，出口产品从原始的低级产品发展到汽车、拖拉机等深加工的高级产品，从单一的零部件发展到精测量仪器，精密金属机床、大颗粒汽缩机等技术密集产品；从传统的机电设备发展到计算机、电站设备等高科技产品。

The contradictory headlines are the result of national research teams releasing single-country reports, despite the fact that these inevitably involve smaller samples. The results from nine of the 13 singlecountry studies have been made available in this way, and the consequence is a farrago of misinformation.

相互矛盾的报道源于国家研究小组公布的单一国家的研究报告，不可避免，这些报告所基于的样本很少。13个国家中的9个以这种形式被公布，结果造成了信息的混乱。

We live in a fast-paced world and it is inevitable to juggle more than one task in a single time.

我们生活在一个快节奏的世界，这是不可避免的兼顾多个任务在一个单一的时间。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。