单-文化的

The number of compound leaves, the number of leaflets and the total leaf area of bearing branches had highly significant positive monomial correlation with panicle width and volume.

结果母枝复叶数、小叶数、总叶面积与花穗宽度、花穗体积为显著或极显著正单相关，小叶数与穗坐果数为显著的正单相关，复叶数与单果重为显著的负相关。

By means of silty fine sand layers, the paper researches the grouting systems that consists of cement single liquid grouting material, MC super and thin cement single liquid grouting materials, cement and water glass of liquid grouting materials, MC super and thin cement and water glass of liquid grouting materials, TGRM single liquid grouting material, and HSC single liquid grouting material, respectively. The grouting design, grouting parameter, grouting result check of the karst cave No.2 and two passive countermarch returns to fill the situation are analyzed, which can provide an important reference for future tunnels under similar geological conditions.

针对2溶洞平导高压富水粉细砂层地质特点，研究出了由普通水泥单液浆、超细水泥单液浆、普通水泥－水玻璃双液浆、超细水泥－水玻璃双液浆、TGRM单液浆和HSC单液浆组成的注浆材料配套体系，并对2溶洞平导施工过程中出现的2次较为被动的后退回填局面以及施工中的注浆设计、注浆参数选择和注浆效果检查评定进行了总结分析，以期对类似工程的设计、施工提供借鉴价值。

Five novel torsion-mirror optical actuators including double-beam thickness differential structure with single torsional axis, double flexible folded-beam structure with single torsional axis, double-beam vertical torsion comb structure with single torsion axis, four-beam differential compound-micromirror structure with double torsional axis and the combined structure of the four basis forms above, are brought forward. All of these devices could be fabricated by the same silicon micromachining process we have developed. The deformation compensation design with local enhancement for the thin torsional beam which is the key structure of these devices is also put forward to improve the reliability. The three-dimension solid model and two-dimension reduced order model of the torsion-mirror optical actuator are established and then the numerical simulations for evaluating the device characteristics of the statics, dynamics, electrostatic field, mechanical and electrostatic coupling, fluid and solid coupling are carried out to optimize the structure design. Furthermore, three optical fibre clamping structures which could be integrated monolithicly are designed and analyzed to improve the optical coupling capability. 4. Three flexible process flows combined with bulk silicon micromachining and surface silicon micromachining are brought forward to fabricate these novel single-crystal silicon or polysilicon torsion-mirror optical actuators by using the same lithography masks for both SOI wafer and regular silicon wafer. A series of important process experiments are carried out to optimize the process parameters and the process flows. Some novel and typical process phenomena which occurred during the microfabrication are analyzed and then the corresponding solutions are put forward. 5. A MEMS dynamic testing system which exploit blur image synthetic technique, stroboscopic image matching technique, stroboscopic mirau microscopic interferometry technique and microscopic laser dopper vibrometer technique is set up to measure three-dimension and six-freedom micro motions of any MEMS devices with nanometer resolution.

在对硅微机械扭转镜光致动器的光机电特性系统地理论研究的基础上提出了硅微机械扭转镜光致动器的结构设计准则。3、提出了单轴双梁厚度差分结构、单轴双柔性折叠梁结构、单轴双梁垂直扭转梳齿结构、双轴四梁差动复合微镜结构以及以上四种基本结构组合后的衍生结构等五种工艺加工技术兼容的新型的硅微机械扭转镜光致动器，对器件关键结构薄厚度、高耐疲劳扭转梁进行了局部加强的变形补偿设计，建立了器件的三维实体模型以及两维降阶模型，对提出的新结构硅微机械扭转镜光致动器进行了系统的静力学、动力学、静电场、力电耦合和流体固体耦合的建模仿真与优化设计，同时设计并分析了三种可实现单芯片集成的弹性光纤定位夹紧结构。4、提出了组合体硅微加工技术与表面硅微加工技术、兼容同一套光刻版图、可分别基于SOI 晶片和普通Si 晶片、适应于制造提出的各种新结构单晶硅和多晶硅硅微机械扭转镜光致动器的三套柔性加工工艺流程，开展了一系列重要工艺步骤的单项工艺试验，对工艺流程与工艺参数进行了优化，针对加工过程中出现的具有普遍意义的典型工艺问题进行了讨论和分析，并提出了解决方法。5、创新性地将模糊图像合成技术、频闪图像匹配技术、频闪Mirau 显微干涉技术与显微激光多普勒测振技术有机结合，建立起了一套周期运动测量与瞬态运动测量相结合、单点运动测量与全视场运动测量相结合、满足不同MEMS 器件各种动态测试要求的集成的MEMS 三维六自由度微运动精密测量系统。

Studies on statistical properties of spontaneous spike trains of single auditory nerve have shown that the distributing patterns of interval in spike trains represent Poisson distribution. Since Poisson distribution is one of the simplest stochastic processes, previous studies on spontaneous spike trains of single auditory nerve were performed primarily by assuming them as stochastic processes. Recently, further studies on nonlinear dynamic system show that we have not enough evidence to demonstrate the process, whose distribution of probability density is exponential, is Poisson process.

中文题名豚鼠听神经单纤维放电序列的非线性特性分析副题名外文题名 Analysis on nonlinear properties in spike trains of single auditory nerve fiber in guinea pig 论文作者林龙年导师孙心德教授学科专业生理学研究领域\研究方向听觉神经生物学学位级别博士学位授予单位华东师范大学学位授予日期2001 论文页码总数91页关键词听神经听觉神经生理豚鼠馆藏号BSLW /2001 /Q42 /41 对听神经单纤维自发放电序列的统计特性研究表明，听神经单纤维放电间隔呈泊松分布，而泊松过程是最简单的随机过程之一，因此以往的研究主要将听神经单纤维自发放电序列作为随机过程来处理。

In this paper, the least squares approximation method is introduced to predict the trend line of carrier movement. Then the yarn paths are analyzed systematically. Finally, the three kinds of unit cell, the interior cell, the surface cell and the corner cell, are established.

采用最小二乘法分段对携纱器的相关运动位置点进行拟合，得到编织过程中纱线的空间运动规律，在此基础上，获得的预制件结构的单胞模型，包含内部单胞，表面单胞和棱角单胞。

Based on the logic dependent relation and first-order logic, AND/OR graphs of single target with unit agent, and single target with multi-agent, joint targets with multi-agent were gotten respectively. As an example, single target with multi-agent was used to illustrate AO(superscript *) searching algorithm of logic dependent relations.

在分析逻辑依赖关系与一阶谓词表示法基础上，分别给出了单agent单目标、多agent单目标、多agent联合目标的逻辑依赖关系的与／或图表达方法，并应用与／或图的AO搜索算法，以多agent单目标情形为例，演示多agent系统中逻辑依赖关系的计算过程。

This paper isolated and identified Listeria monocytogenes by the first step of the physiologic and biochemical tests from 1627 samples. 1627 random samples from 9 sorts of quick-frozen food, aquatic products, resh meat, meat protucts, fruit, vegetables, bean product, raw milk, salted product were collected from supermarkets and peasant-trade mart and some faeces of animal and person. The total detectable rate of Listeria monocytogenes was 14.5%. The results showed that the detectable rate of Listeria monocytogenes were higher. It expressed that pollution level of Listeria monocytogenes in Baoding and circumjacent area was taller.

本文对采自速冻食品、水产品、生肉、熟肉制品、水果、蔬菜、豆制品、奶及奶制品、腌制品等9类食品及动物粪便和人源粪便共1627份样品进行了单增李斯特菌的分离与鉴定，单增李斯特菌的总检出率为14.5%，表明单增李斯特菌的检出率偏高，在9类食品样品中，生肉中单增李斯特菌的检出率最高，高达27.4%，其次是水产品，检出率为24.7%，应引起高度重视，以免引起食源性疾病的暴发。

The results were as followed: 1 Mutagenesis Breeding of High Tannase Activity Strains and preparing of Tannase As a original strain, Asp. niger CY was mutated by UV treatment. One strain was obtained from the mutants.

全文实验结果如下： 1 单宁酶菌种的选育和单宁酶的制备以一株产单宁酶的黑曲霉为出发菌株，进行了菌株的诱变选育，得到了一株单宁酶高产菌株。

This paper describes and compares 4 streamtube models (single-disk single-streamtube, double-disk single-streamtube, single-disk multi-streamtube and double-disk multi-streamtube models) based on the momentum theory for the hydrodynamic performance prediction of the vertical-axis variable-pitch turbine that may be employed to tap tidal stream energy resources, especially for the prediction of the overall turbine power coefficient.

以潮流发电水轮机的设计为研究背景，分析和总结了基于动量定理方法的四种流管模型(单盘面-单流管模型、双盘面-单流管模型、单盘面-多流管模型和双盘面-多流管模型)在竖轴变攻角水轮机的水动力性能计算中的应用，特别是能量利用率预报方面的应用。

The compression or tension strength of soil cement is dependent on curing time and the mixed cement content.

在强度试验方面，土壤水泥的单压或张力强度会随著养护龄期增加而增加，同时强度也会随著水泥添加量增加而增加，28天土壤水泥的单压强度约为7天单压强度的1.68倍，28天张力强度约为7天张力强度的1.30倍，土壤水泥单压或张力强度随著最大乾密度的增加而增加，并且呈现线性关系。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。