半柱

With the aid of the Laplace transformation, an analytical solution for the motion of the plane standing wave in the presence of free surface charge is obtained. Moreover, the motion of the cylindrical standing wave in the presence of free surface charge is solved using semi-analytical method.

通过变换的方法，求得了平面驻波漏电介质模型解析形式的初值解，并用半解析半数值的方法求解了柱面驻波漏电介质模型的初值解。

In Gastrochilus the lip is semiglobose-saccate with indistinct side-lobes and a much larger mid-lobe, the column is footless and the pollinia are porate, while in Saccolabium the lip is cylindrical-spurred with indistinct side-lobes and a small mid-lobe, the column has a short foot and the pollinia are solid.

盆距兰属的唇瓣为半球形囊状，侧裂片不明显，中裂片甚大；蕊柱无足；花粉团具孔隙。囊唇兰属的唇瓣为圆筒状距形，侧裂片明显，中裂片很小；蕊柱有短足；花粉团实心。

Vesic's solutions to cavity expansion that include cylindrical cavity expansion and spherical cavity expansion are introduced. Then cylindrical cavity expansion theory is applied to study compaction effect of pile driving in saturated soil. Based on the results of conventional triaxial tests, a trilinear curve model is used to simulate stress-strain curve of strain-softening materials. Meanwhile, trilinear curves are also used to simulate curves of volumetric strain, minor principal strain and major principal strain. By using elasto-plastic theory, analytical solutions to cylindrical cavity expansion in strain-softening soil are presented. According to the mechanism of statically pressed pile driving, compaction effect of pile tip can be viewed as hemispheric cavity expansion. Therefore spherical cavity expansion theory is applied to obtain the solutions to stress, strain, displacement fields and final pressure. Resistance force of pile tip is calculated to estimate static pressure.

介绍了Vesic关于圆孔扩张问题的解答，其中包括柱形孔扩张问题和球形孔扩张问题，并应用柱形孔扩张理论分析了饱和软土中的沉桩挤土效应问题；在常规三轴试验成果的基础上，采用三折线模型模拟具有应变软化性质的岩土材料的应力应变关系曲线，分析了在应变软化土体中沉桩时桩周土的位移场、应力场和应变场的变化，得到了解析解答；分析了静压桩的沉桩机理，并利用球形孔扩张理论，视桩端处的挤土为半个球形孔的扩张，分析了桩端处土的位移场、应力场和应变场的变化，并根据最终扩张压力计算出沉桩时的桩端阻力，可作为压桩力的估算。

Top and seat angle connections is a typical semirigid beam to column connection.

上下翼缘角钢梁柱节点是一种典型的半刚性梁柱节点。

Results show that the antibacterial component belongs to volatile oil、sesquiterpene、phenols and organic acids. The antibacterial part of the broth was isolated by silica gel column and 6 fractions of obviously antibacterial activity were obtained .By further study Fractions 1、2、3 contain sesquiterpene and fractions 8、9 contain phenols and fraction 10 contains phenolic organic acid.

对发酵液抑菌成分的研究表明，抑菌活性成分组成为挥发油倍半萜、酚和有机酸等类化合物，采用硅胶柱层析对发酵液抑菌活性部位进行分离实验，得到了6个具有明显抑菌活性的粗组分（组分1、2、3、8、9、10），其中组分1、2、3含有倍半萜类物质，组分8、9含有酚类物质，组分10中有含酚羟基的羧酸类物质。

So, in this paper, a circular cavity witha large radius is used to replace the straight boundary of thehalf space, then the half space problem can be changed tothe scattering problem of two circular cavities to the steadyincident P-wave . Having the aid of the mature cylinderfunction theory, the general solutions of the wave functionscan be given, and an infinite linear algebraic equations ofthe unknown coefficients in the wave functions can be gottenwith the boundary conditions and the Fourier complex seriesexpansion technology, the infinite linear algebraic equationscan be approximately solved by the finite trunction withsatisfying some definite precision, at the basis of thissolution of the equation, the variations and the lay-outs ofthe DSCF at the circular cavity boundary vs. the differentincident angles, the different embedded depths of thecircular cavity as well as the different dimensionless wavenumber of the incident P-wave.

为此，本文采用一个半径很大的圆孔来代替半空间的直边界，将该半空间问题转化为一无限大空间中两个圆孔对稳态P波的共同散射问题，借助于成熟的柱函数理论，通过写出问题波函数的一般形式解，利用问题的边界条件，并采用复数傅立叶级数展开技术将其化为一个仅包含问题波函数中未知系数的一无穷线性代数方程组，在满足一定计算精度的前提下，通过有限项截断进行近似求解，进而讨论了圆孔边界处的动应力集中系数随不同入射角、不同的圆孔掩埋深度、入射波的不同无量纲波数以及介质的泊松比变化和分布情况。

On the other hand, through the discussion on coronal density of flares, we found that the column mass density at the top of chromospheric flare model can not be represented the total mass above the chromosphere and the coronal density can be estimated from presure balance based on semiempirical model. Through estimations, the results show that the total mass above the chromosphere is about the same as the mass between the top of chromosphere and electron source, which so give an evidence that the source of electrons is situated at the top of flare loop.

另一方面，通过对日冕物质密度的讨论发现，半经验模型中色球顶部柱数密度不能用来代表耀斑环在日冕内的总物质，日冕物质密度可用日冕气压与半经验模型中色球顶部压力近似相等来进行估计，进而发现耀斑环在日冕内的总物质与前面估计的色球顶部到非热电子源之间的总物质近似相等，结果趋向于支持非热电子源位于环的顶部。

By comparison between SMM HXRBS observation and ground observation of Hα and CaIIK lines, especially through the combined study between SMM HXRBS observation and chromospheric flare models, the results show that: in the initial stage of impulsive phase, there is a correlative relation betweem Hα line intensity and hard X-ray emission; different spike in hard X-ray flux curve represents the burst at different location; the energy taken by non-thermal electron beam is larger than the radiative loss in chromosphere; for the flare studied here, the chromospheric evapporation is explosive; if the chromosphere is in balance between electron beam bombardment and radiative loss, the column mass density at the top of chromospheric flare model can not be taken as measure from the source of electrons and then the total material between the source of electrons and the top of chromosphere can be estimated.

通过一个具体耀斑的SMM HXRBS观测结果与同时基于地面得到的Hα和CaⅡK可见光谱观测结果对比，特别是将硬x谱观测结果与色球半经验模型联立研究，结果显示出：在脉冲相上升段，硬x发射与Hα辐射之间存在对应关系；硬x线光变曲线中不同脉冲爆发分量不太可能起源于同一位置；硬x辐射所反映的高能非热电子总携带能量大于色球总辐射损失；对所研究的耀斑而言，其色球蒸发过程是爆发性的；在详细比较了非热电子色球总沉积和色球辐射损失的基础上，指出半经验模型中色球顶部柱数密度不能看成是从非热电子源度量的，从而估计了色球顶部到非热电子源之间的总物质。

The numerical results indicate that the collimating performances of two lens changed little as the increasing of the refractive index and this made it possible to choose the material of the lens in more field.Theoretically,the radiation angle of laser diode beams in the quick axis can be compressed under 0.1 mrad.

结果表明：这两种柱透镜的准直效率随折射率的变化不大，这在一定程度上提高了透镜材料选择的灵活性；并且理论上，共轴双半椭圆柱透镜可以将半导体激光光束快轴方向的发散角压缩到0.1 mrad量级。

The reason is that the guide pillar must support the stripper plate over the complete ejection stroke and.

导柱的工作直径部分的长度通常比对应两半模形式的导柱长。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。