半月板

Semilunar lateral injuries were classified three grades by Kaplan.

半月板损伤标准采用Kaplan的三级分类方法。

The menisci are two semilunar, fibrocartilaginous disks located between the medial and lateral articular surfaces of the femur and tibia in each knee.

半月板为膝盖中股骨胫骨间两个分别位于内侧和外侧的半月形的纤维软骨盘。

The main components were a lateral expansion to the oblique popliteal ligament; a direct arm, which attached to the tibia; and an anterior arm. The oblique popliteal ligament, the largest posterior knee structure, formed a broad fascial sheath over the posterior aspect of the knee and measured 48.0 mm in length and 9.5 mm wide at its medial origin and 16.4 mm wide at its lateral attachment. It had two lateral attachments, one to the meniscofemoral portion of the posterolateral joint capsule and one to the tibia, along the lateral border of the posterior cruciate ligament facet. The semimembranosus also had a distal tibial expansion, which formed a posterior fascial layer over the popliteus muscle.

主要的部分是一个可以侧方扩展的腘斜韧带，最大的膝关节后方的组织结构，形成了一个较大的筋膜外皮位于膝关节的后方，测量结果显示长度为48mm，边缘宽度为9.5mm，侧方附件的宽度为16.4mm，它具有两个方面的附件，一个位于半月板股骨间部分的后外侧关节囊和一个在胫骨端的后叉韧带边缘，半膜肌同时也存在一个远处的胫骨扩展，形成了一个后方的筋膜附着腘肌。

Objective To explore the diagnostic value of indirect magnetic resonance arthrography in detecting meniscus tears of the knees.

目的 探讨弥散法MR膝关节造影诊断半月板撕裂的临床应用价值。

Methods Thirty rabbits in experimental group received unilateral ACLT and partial excision of medial meniscus, another 10 rabbits received unilateral arthrotomy as pseudo-operation control.

实验组家兔30只行ACLT及内侧半月板前1/3切除术造模，分别于术后4周、8周、12周处死10只，假手术对照组家兔10只于术后12周处死。

2Anatomic reductoin should be done in operation as possible as we can,cample bone should be transplanted for bone defeats,suitable and rigid internal fixation should be used,cross ligaments,collateral ligaments and meniscus injury should be effectively repaired.

术中尽可能解剖复位，关节面塌陷患者植骨量要足够，并给予合理而坚强的固定，术中尽量修复半月板、韧带等合并伤。

Preventing further meniscal and chondral damage in patients with anterior cruciate ligament deficiency is critical.

对前交叉韧带功能降低的观者来说避免半月板和软骨进一步的损伤是非常关键的。

An arthroscopic examination can be performed after the initial operative approach to identify and treat intra-articular lesions such as chondral defects or meniscal tears.

在最初的手术处理后，可应用关节镜进行检查，以识别并处理关节内的损伤，比如软骨缺损或半月板撕裂等。

Conclusion］1.The main purpose for the application of the arthroscopic in UKA is to deal with other disease inside the knee rather than to confirm the indication of the operation.2.Arthroscopy is an effective way for the patients combined lateral menisci injury and other compartmental mild osteoarthritis.

结论］(1)关节镜在膝关节单间室置换中应用的主要目的在于处理关节内的其他病变而非确定手术适应证；(2)对于合并外侧半月板损伤和其他间室轻度骨性关节炎的患者，关节镜仍是一种有效的辅助治疗手段。

The chest X-ray features of pleural effusion include a homogeneous opacity without air bronchograms, blunted costophrenic angle, the 'meniscus' sign, and complete or near-complete opacification of the hemithorax with contralateral mediastinal shift.

胸膜流出胸部X光特点包括同类的不透明，不用空气支气管造影摄片、被钝的costophrenic角度、'半月板'标志和hemithorax的完成或近完全opacification与对侧纵中的转移的。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。