半乳糖脂

Methods Tissue culture was used to study the cataractous lenses of rats induced by sodium selenite or galactose. At the early stage, the content of nonprotein sulfhydryl, protein sulfhydryl, non-soluble disulfide bond, malonaldehyde and the activities of glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and glutathione-S-transferase were measured in the cataractous lenses, and they were compared with that of the normal lenses. Results The two kinds of material could all induce cataract in rats, sodium selenite being more potent.

采用器官培养方法，以不同浓度亚硒酸钠及半乳糖作用于晶状体，诱发大鼠晶状体形成白内障，在培养初期测定晶状体内非蛋白质巯基（nonprotein sulfhydryl， NP-SH、蛋白质巯基（protein sulfhydryl ，P-SH）和不溶性蛋白质二硫键的含量，脂类过氧化水平，以及与谷胱甘肽代谢有关的谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH peroxidase， GSH-PX)、谷胱甘肽还原酶(GSH reductase， GSSG-R)及谷胱甘肽硫转移酶(GSH S transferase， GSH-S)的活性。

Methods 60 female mice were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=15):Mice in normal control group received subcutaneous injection of normal saline and mice in the other 3 groups received cervicodorsal injection of D-galactose[1000 mg/(kg1·d)] for 42 d to establish subacute aging model.

60只雌性昆明种小鼠，随机分为4组(n=15)：正常对照组皮下注射生理盐水；其余3组每日颈背部皮下注射 D-半乳糖[1000 mg/] 造成小鼠衰老模型，同时各组分别灌胃生理盐水、枸杞多糖[200 mg/]、丹参酮[1 500 mg/]。42 d后，测定小鼠背部皮肤组织匀浆中超氧化物歧化酶活力、过氧化脂质代谢产物丙二醛含量和皮肤羟脯氨酸含量。

objective to compare the anti-aging effects of lycium barbarum polysaccharides and tanshinone on the skin of d-galactose-induced mice aging model.methods 60 female mice were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=15):mice in normal control group received subcutaneous injection of normal saline and mice in the other 3 groups received cervicodorsal injection of d-galactose［1000 mg/(kg1·d)］ for 42 d to establish subacute aging model.the experimental groups included agingmodel group,lycium barbarum polysaccharides ［200 mg／group,tanshinone ［1 500 mg／］ group.forty two days later,the dorsal skin samples were collected to determine sod activities、mda and hydroxyproline contents.

目的 比较枸杞多糖与丹参酮对衰老小鼠皮肤的抗衰老作用。方法 60只雌性昆明种小鼠，随机分为4组(n=15)：正常对照组皮下注射生理盐水；其余3组每日颈背部皮下注射 d-半乳糖［1000 mg/］造成小鼠衰老模型，同时各组分别灌胃生理盐水、枸杞多糖［200 mg/］、丹参酮［1 500 mg/］。42 d后，测定小鼠背部皮肤组织匀浆中超氧化物歧化酶活力、过氧化脂质代谢产物丙二醛含量和皮肤羟脯氨酸含量。

objective to compare the anti-aging effects of lycium barbarum polysaccharides and tanshinone on the skin of d-galactose-induced mice aging model.methods 60 female mice were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=15):mice in normal control group received subcutaneous injection of normal saline and mice in the other 3 groups received cervicodorsal injection of d-galactose［1000 mg/(kg1·d)］ for 42 d to establish subacute aging model.the experimental groups included agingmodel group,lycium barbarum polysaccharides ［200 mg／group,tanshinone ［1 500 mg／］ group.forty two days later,the dorsal skin samples were collected to determine sod activities、mda and hydroxyproline contents.

60只雌性昆明种小鼠，随机分为4组(n=15)：正常对照组皮下注射生理盐水；其余3组每日颈背部皮下注射 d-半乳糖［1000 mg/］造成小鼠衰老模型，同时各组分别灌胃生理盐水、枸杞多糖［200 mg/］、丹参酮［1 500 mg/］。42 d后，测定小鼠背部皮肤组织匀浆中超氧化物歧化酶活力、过氧化脂质代谢产物丙二醛含量和皮肤羟脯氨酸含量。

Based on relative literatures,this part has included five resesearch aspects as below.1 Fifteen compounds were isolated and purified by extraction,column chromatography,and their structures were determined on the basis of spectral analysis: acteoside(Ⅰ-1),isoacteoside(Ⅰ-2),crenatoside(Ⅰ-3),cistanoside F(Ⅰ-4),sinapoyl-4-O-β-D-glucoside(Ⅰ-5),adenosine(Ⅰ-6),β-siterol(Ⅰ-7),oleanic acid(Ⅰ-8), succinic acid(Ⅰ-9),caffeic acid(Ⅰ-10),protocatechuic aldehyde(Ⅰ-11),p-hydro xybenzyl alcohol(Ⅰ-12),β-daucosterol(Ⅰ-13),D-galacitol(Ⅰ-14),D-mannitol(Ⅰ-15).Ⅰ-4～15 were obtained from this plant for the first time,andⅠ-6,7,9,and 13 were isolated from Orobanche genus for the first time.2 The scavenging test of DPPH showed that most compounds have comparative antioxidant activity as L-ascorbic acid and part of them show better activity such as the O.coerulescens extract and phenylethanoid glycosides.Acteoside showed potent free radical scavenging effects with a median inhibition concentration of 25.6μg/ml.3 The anti-HBV activities of acteoside,isoacteoside and crenatoside were measured,and all of them showed suppressive activity on the expression of HBsAg and HBeAg in the HepG2.2.15 cell line.

本论文在文献调研基础上对紫花列当化学成分及生物活性进行了研究，并从免疫抗病毒角度探讨紫花列当中特征性成分类叶升麻苷的肝保护作用及其机制。1采用大孔树脂、硅胶和Sephadex LH-20等色谱技术对紫花列当进行系统的植物化学研究，从中分离得到19个化合物，利用UV和NMR等波谱手段及理化性质鉴定了其中的15个化合物，分别为类叶升麻苷(Ⅰ-1)、异类叶升麻苷(Ⅰ-2)、crenatoside(Ⅰ-3)、cistanoside F(Ⅰ-4)、sinapoyl-4-O-β-D-glucoside(Ⅰ-5)、腺苷(Ⅰ-6)、β-谷甾醇(Ⅰ-7)、齐墩果酸(Ⅰ-8)、琥珀酸(Ⅰ-9)、咖啡酸(Ⅰ-10)、原儿茶醛(Ⅰ-11)、对羟甲基苯甲酸(Ⅰ-12)、β-胡萝卜苷(Ⅰ-13)、D-半乳糖醇(Ⅰ-14)和甘露醇(Ⅰ-15除化合物Ⅰ-1、Ⅰ-2和Ⅰ-3外，其余化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到。2)通过大孔树脂富集该药材有效部位苯乙醇总苷，并采用HPLC测得其所含特征性成分类叶升麻苷的含量可达80%以上。3DPPH自由基清除试验显示紫花列当提取物及其所含的苯乙醇苷类化合物均具有较好的抗氧化能力，其清除DPPH自由基能力接近于抗坏血酸。4采用卡介苗整体致敏、脂多糖离体攻击构建大鼠原代肝细胞免疫性损伤模型，在体外观察类叶升麻苷的保肝作用。

Experimental Center of National Level One, Hubei Traditional Chinese Medica l College, Wuhan 430061）Abstract To investigate the protective effects of Jiaweisinisa n on acute liver injury induced by intraperitoneal injection of D-ga lac-tosamise, serum superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde , glutathioe contents were measured. The pathological changes of liver wer e observed simultaneously. The results showed that JWSNS could decrease serum MD A content, but increase serum SOD and GSH activities in acute liver injury induc ed by D-GalN. It was also found that JWSNS could alleviate the degeneration and necrosis of the hypatocytes.

为研讨加味四逆散防治肝损伤的作用机理，通过动物试验，先用加味四逆散预防给药，再采用D-氨基半乳糖造成大鼠急性肝损伤模型，然后检测大鼠血清超氧化物岐化酶、丙二醛、还原型谷胱甘肽水平，同步观察该方对急性肝损伤大鼠体内脂质过氧化反应及肝脏病理改变的影响，结果表明该方可明显升高大鼠血清SOD、GSH水平，降低MDA水平，肝脏病理学检查亦表明该方使肝细胞变性坏死程度减轻。

For a big chunk of credit-card losses; the number of filings (and thus charge-off rates) would be rising again, whether

年美国个人破产法的一个改动使得破产登记急速下降，而后引起了信用卡大规模的亏损。

Eph. 4:23 And that you be renewed in the spirit of your mind

弗四23 而在你们心思的灵里得以更新