半乳糖

In our experiments, when the opacity of lens exceed Ⅳ degrees, the treatment effect of medicine was not obviously. Analyzing the examined results of AR, SOD and GSH-px in rat lens cortex and nuclear shows that Zhangming drops can inhibit the activity of AR obviously and prevent the translation of galactose to galactose alcohol. So it can prevent the deposit of galactose in the fibrocyte of lens and the increase of lens's osmosis, then prevent the hydration of lens.

通过对大鼠半乳糖性白内障晶体皮质和核内醛糖还原酶、超氧化物歧化酶和谷胱苷肽过氧化物酶的检测结果分析表明，障明滴眼液能明显抑制AR的活性，防止半乳糖向半乳糖醇的转化，从而防止半乳糖在晶体纤维细胞内的堆积，阻止其渗透性的增高，防止晶体的水化。

The compositions and FTIR spectral characteristics of hydrolysis product were studied using GC and FTIR. The results indicated that ASP3 is a kind of pectic polysaccharide which contained the main part of homogalacturonan fragments as "smooth regions" with galacturonic acid and rhaminose, and rhamnogalacturonan segments as "hairy regions" backbone. Galactose, arabinose, mannose and glucose were linked as arabinogalactan, galactan and arabinan, which were the mainly constitution of the branch.

实验结果表明，ASP3是一种果胶多糖，主要由光滑区和毛发区（富含中性糖侧链的鼠李半乳糖醛酸聚糖）两部分组成：GalA和Rha位于多糖分子的主链，由于Rha含量较低，大部分GalA相连形成半乳糖醛酸聚糖光滑区；Gal、Ara、Man及Glc位于多糖分子的支链，其中Gal以较高的聚合度与主链相连，Ara以还原性末端或低聚寡糖的形式与主链相连或与半乳聚糖末端相连形成阿拉伯半乳聚糖。

D-galactoside galactohydrolase (EC3.2.1.23) is usually named lactase which can hydrolyze lactose into galactose and glucose, and also can transfer galactoside.

半乳糖苷酶(B-D-半乳糖苷半乳糖水解酶，β-D-galactoside galactohydrolase，EC3.2.1.23)通常被称为乳糖酶，能将乳糖水解为半乳糖和葡萄糖，并具有半乳糖苷的转移作用。

The contents of galactose, glucose, fructose, sucrose and raffinose of seed were tested. The results showed the galactose content of seed increase as the storage temperature increases. However, the glucose, fructose, sucrose and raffinose content of seed decrease as the storage temperature increases.

通过对半乳糖、葡萄糖、果糖、蔗糖和密三糖含量的研究，结果表明，随着贮存温度的升高，种子中半乳糖的含量不断升高，随着含水量的降低，种子中半乳糖的含量逐渐降低，且随着贮存温度的下降，种子中半乳糖含量随种子含水量下降而降低的趋势减缓。

On the basis of spectral analysis, these compounds were identified as Kaempferol , Kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside , Kaempferol-3-O-β-D-galactopyranoside, Quercetin , Quercetin-3-O-β-D-arabinopyranoside, Quercetin-3-O-β-D-galactopyranoside, gallic acid, methyl gallate-4-O-β-D- galactopyranoside, caffeicacid, methyl caffeate, 4-cafeoyl-(3"a, 4"a, 5"β)- trihydroxyquinic acid, 3"-cafeoyl-(3"a, 4"P, 5"P )-trihydroxyquinic acid methyl ester, 5"-cafeoyl-galactonic acid , pumiloside, loganic acid , 5R,6S,7E-megastima-3-on-7-en-9-ol 9-O-β-D-glucopyranoside. 2a, 3β-dihydroxy-oleanoic acid , 2a, 3β, 23-trihydroxy-oleanoic acid, 3a, 6a-dihydroxy-oleanoic acid, 3β-hydroxy-ursoic acid, 2a, 3a, 23-trihydroxy-ursoic acid , 2a, 3β, 23-trihydroxy-ursoic acid, 2β, 3β, 19a -trihydroxy-ursoic acid, 2a , 3β, 19a -trihydroxy-ursoic acid-28-O-β-D-glucopyranoside , 2a. 3a, 19a-trihydroxy-ursoic acid-28-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, 2a, 3a, 19a, 23-tetrahydroxy-ursoic acid, 1a, 3a, 19a, 23-tetrahydroxy-ursoic acid-28-O-β-D-glucopyranoside , 3a, 19a, 23-trihydroxy-ursoic acid.

从珙桐中分离鉴定得到了28种化合物，它们分别是：山奈酚，3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-山奈酚甙，3-O-β-D-吡喃半乳糖基-山奈酚甙，槲皮素，3-O-β-D-吡喃阿拉伯糖基-槲皮素甙，3-O-β-D-吡喃半乳糖基-槲皮素甙，没食子酸，4-O-β-D-吡喃半乳糖基-没食子酸甲酯，咖啡酸，咖啡酸甲酯，4-咖啡酰基-(3&α，4&α，5&β)-三羟基鸡纳酸，4-咖啡酰基-(3&α，4&β，5&β)-三羟基鸡纳酸甲酯，5'-咖啡酰基-半乳糖酸，pumiloside，loganic acid，5R，6S，7E-megastima-3-on-7-en-9-ol9-O-β-D-glucopyranoside，2α，3β-二羟基齐墩果酸，2α，3β，23-三羟基齐墩果酸，3α，6α-二羟基齐墩果酸，3β-羟基熊果酸，2α，3α，23-三羟基熊果酸，2α，3β，23-三羟基熊果酸，2β，3β，19α-三羟基熊果酸，2β，3β，19α-三羟基熊果酸-28-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙，2α，3α，19α-三羟基熊果酸-28-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基甙，2α，3α，19α，23-四羟基熊果酸，2α，3α，19α，23-四羟基熊果酸-28-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基甙，3α，19α，23-三羟基熊果酸。

Galactosidase can hydrolysis a -galactosis bond , namely it can hydrolysis galactosis complex of non-reductive ends binding α-bond, so it can hydrolysis oligosaccharides such as raffinose、 stachyose、 verbascose, et al. It also can hydrolysis heteropolysaccharide including α-galactosis bonds.

能催化α-半乳糖苷键的水解，即能水解非还原性末端以α键结合的半乳糖苷化合物，因此它能水解蜜二糖、棉子糖、水苏糖和毛蕊花糖等低聚糖，还能水解含有α-半乳糖苷键的杂多糖。

Integrifolia lectins was slightly greater when mucus from infected fish was used, suggesting an increase of mannose and galactose binding lectins in fish skin exposed to parasites. As mannose, galactose and lactose are present on the glycocalyx of Gyrodactylus derjaini, it is suggested that lectins could play a dual role in interactions between fish hosts and their monogenean parasites.

integrifolia凝集素的抑制作用稍微更强，表明鱼类感染寄生虫后，皮肤中会与甘露糖和半乳糖结合的凝集素有所增加，由于甘露糖、半乳糖和乳糖存在于Gyrodactylus derjaini的外被多糖中，表明凝集素在鱼类寄主与单殖寄生虫相互作用中起双重作用。

Methods:60 Wistar rats were randomly into normal group, model group sc Dgalactose, 48 mg/(kgd,Sorbaria sorbifolia groups (0.10,0.15,0.20 g/kg ig.sc Dgalactose 48 mg/kgd).

60只Wistar大鼠随机分正常组、模型组Sc D半乳糖48 mg/(kgd、人参皂苷组100 mg/kg，ig，D半乳糖48 mg/(kgd、珍珠梅大、中、小剂量组200，150，100 mg/kg.ig，ScD半乳糖48 mg/(kgd，连续40 d。

One group was given Adriamycin 3mg/kg to every rabbit, the other group was given GAMANP 61.49mg/kg to every rabbit, exsanguinated 1ml in each time, then separated serum and saved in low temperature,distill the Adriamycin with chloroform-carbinol, put it under the High Performance Liquid Chromatography to examine the special hromatogram apex height.

用还原胺化法制备半乳糖基人血白蛋白，及用加热固化法制备半乳糖化白蛋白磁性阿霉素纳米粒，家兔12只，随机分为两组，每组6只，均予颈静脉置管抽血，一组按3mg/kg给予阿霉素；一组按61.49mg/kg给予半乳糖化白蛋白磁性阿霉素纳米粒，每次抽血1ml，分离出血清，低温保存，用氯仿-甲醇液提取阿霉素，在高效液相色谱仪下检测色谱峰高。

Results The tail formation rate of model group was significantly higher than the rate of control group (P＜0.05) with a large number of Ⅲ and Ⅳ DNA damage cells. The tail formation rate of dichloromethane extraction groups were both significantly lower than the rate of model group (P＜0.05). p53 mRNA expression of model group was higher than the rest except the crude Cornus Officinalis group.

结果 D-半乳糖致衰模型组小鼠骨髓细胞DNA拖尾率高于正常对照组(P＜0.05)，且Ⅲ、Ⅳ级损伤细胞数较多；山茱萸生品及制品二氯甲烷萃取部位组小鼠骨髓细胞DNA的拖尾率均低于D-半乳糖致衰模型组(P＜0.05)。D-半乳糖致衰模型组小鼠骨髓细胞p53基因的表达高于正常对照组、阳性药组及制品组。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。