升温的

It is found that,there are two types of interfacial cracking patterns of the ceramic coat: in the cooling process, mode Ⅰ is vulnerable to crack at the peak position of the cosine curve, and mode Ⅱ at the middle position; in the heating process, interface edges are introduced into the ceramic coat/substrate system as a result of the vertical cracks emergence, and the ceramic coat will transversely crack at these positions because of the stress concentration effect.

计算时对陶瓷层材料分别按理想线弹性本构和黏塑性本构模型开展了模拟。分析发现，陶瓷层的界面开裂存在两种模式：在降温过程中，陶瓷层容易出现界面波峰处的Ⅰ型开裂与腰部位置处的Ⅱ型开裂；在升温过程中，陶瓷层容易发生垂直开裂使结构中出现陶瓷层/基体的界面端，界面端部严重的应力集中效应使陶瓷层容易在该处横向开裂形成界面处的边裂纹。

Both theoretical and experimental results show that compaction properties and heating rates do not alter this linear relation, but influence the slope of the linear relation, and therefore it is concluded that large dihedral angle, high green density, narrow particle and pore size distributions are beneficial to the achievement of the grain size-density trajectory with promoted densification and minimized grain growth.

理论分析和实验结果表明，成型体性质不改变这一线性关系，但可以改变直线的斜率，而升温速率对直线斜率的影响不大。较大的二面角、较高的素坯密度、较窄的颗粒和气孔尺寸分布有利于获得较小的晶粒生长和较高的烧结密度。

At the same time,the I_ calculated according to ven den Dool's definition will be of poor comparability since retention temp. TR and carbon number n of n-alkanes is not linearly correlated, especially when ...

根据恒温与线性程升的保留值方程建立的各种柱温模式下的保留指数相互转换方法能准确快速地预测不同柱温模式下的保留指数，以此来建立通用数据库以适应不同的分析条件的需要，特别是从2种升温模式出发预测其它柱温模式下的保留值能更方便地对复杂样品的分离条件进行优化。

He admired your rosy English face, and had a tender affection for you which might perhaps have expanded by and by into something warm enough for matrimony; that every-day jog-trot species of union which demands no very passionate devotion; but for a sudden check which it had received in Dorsetshire.

他欣赏你玫瑰红的英国式的脸，他对你有一种温情，它也许逐渐升温，终于热得足以缔结婚姻；这种日常的缓步渐进式的结合，也无需十分强烈的热爱；若不是在多塞特郡遇到了突然的牵制。

The results are revealed that reading error of the thermocouple in the course of dynamic response is mainly ca...

结果显示：在动态响应过程中热电偶读数误差主要决定于热电偶测头以及热电偶隔热罩的辐射热损失，并且它的辐射热损失又受热电偶测头的滞后时间常数τ0 的限制；随着动态响应过程的进行，热电偶读数的误差急剧变化；当τ=3τ0时，基本上可以认为动态响应过程结束，但升温变化时误差更大。

College of Guandong Business, Guanzhou 510320, China）Abstract: Since large-scale vertical quench furnace is voluminous, whose working condition is a typically complex process with distributed parameter, nonlinear, multi-inputs/multi-outputs, close coupled variables, etc, dynamically decoupling control algorithm of temperature distributed parameter system in the furnace was presented, by which the whole system was decoupled to several subsystems and the implementation of controller was simplified. With finite difference approximation, the space and time step size was solved to ensure the convergency of finite difference approximation. After decoupling, the subsystems were controlled with self-learning PID control algorithm. The results show that the temperature control precision and homogeneity are improved; the overshoot and process in temperature rising period are reduced simultaneity.

摘 要：针对大型立式淬火炉体积庞大，工况复杂，炉内温度分布呈本征非均匀性，具有多输入/多输出、非线性、强耦合等特性，难以实现炉内温度高精度高均匀性控制目标等问题，提出一种温度分布参数系统动态解耦控制算法，其原理是：采用有限维逼近方法将对象解耦为多个独立的子系统，简化控制器的实现过程；通过分析有限维逼近方法的收敛性，获得保证收敛性的空间和时间步长应满足的条件；解耦后的子系统采用自学习PID控制算法，实现炉内温度高精度和高均匀性控制以及升温过程的快速性和小超调。

There are a number of persistent malevolent winds, perhaps the best know of which are the mistral of France and the Mediterranean sirocco, but a foehn wind has distinct characteristics: it occurs on the leeward slope of a mountain range and, although the air begins as a cold mass, it is warmed as it comes down the mountain and appears finally as a hot dry wind.

世上有多种强有力的恶劣大风，可能最著名的是法国的米斯特拉尔寒风以及地中海的西洛可热风。但是焚风有其显著特点：它出现于山脉的下风坡，虽然一开始空气团是寒冷的，但是它在下坡的途中升温，从而最终形成热干风。

Also calculated are dynamic heat transfer characteristics in the fuel rod under different pressure and it is found that we can use the temperature raising speed at x=14.5 cm to calculate helium pressure in the fuel rod.

通过用RODTRAN程序计算各种不同压力情况下的燃料棒动态传热特性，发现利用x=14.5cm处的包壳表面升温速率可以推算燃料棒内的氦气压力，氦气压力的测量精度可小于5％，也就是说可以区分1.9MPa和2.0MPa的压力差别，此时的最大温差可达0.5℃，同时也发现压紧弹簧段的温度响应比铀芯块段要快。

The furnace for the test is the oil-burner that is designed and produced by ourselves. The whole test process is undertaken in the modeled standard temperature curve. The result of the test demonstrates that the properties of the furnace are stable and convenient for use.

火灾试验使用的试验炉为自行研制的燃油火灾试验炉，全部的试验是在模拟标准升温曲线的基础上进行的，试验结果表明炉子性能稳定、使用方便。

Effects of different extraction modes, extraction time, pressure and temperature on the extraction yield of onion essential oil and sulphur concentration were investigated,and the different extraction solvents and extraction times were researched in liquid-liquid extraction procedure. The optimal conditions of extraction of onion essential oil with subcritical water were static extraction, 100~150℃sequential program temperature increasing extraction for 30min, 5MPa, petroleum ether as extraction solvent for two times.

考察了提取方式、提取时间、温度、压力对洋葱精油的提取得率及含硫化合物浓度的影响，并对液液萃取中溶剂的种类和萃取次数进行了研究，得到了洋葱精油的亚临界水提取最佳工艺：静态提取、提取时间30 min，压力5 MPa，100～150 ℃的连续程序升温，石油醚为萃取溶剂，萃取2次。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。