升值

In New Zealand, Bollard's central bank also began in June to sell its dollar for the first time in two decades as the currency trades at a 22-year high.

第二季度，印度卢比创下了至少34年来的最大升幅。印度央行已经从市场上购买美元，以减缓卢比升值。因为卢比升值会使印度产品价格上升，在国际市场失去竞争力。

Experience with the repeated appreciation of the Deutsche Mark after 1945 anyway shows that exchange rate rises do not work through very smoothly or quickly in correcting trade imbalances and can – by cheapening imports – even have the initial effect of boosting the trade surplus of the country that appreciates its currency.

所有这些都比旨在纠正中美贸易失衡的政策重要得多。1945年后德国马克反复升值的经验已经表明，汇率上升不会非常平稳或迅速地纠正贸易失衡，甚至会因让进口商品变得更便宜，而在初期推高货币升值国的贸易顺差。

This paper,however,has extended the scope of employment structure studies by introducing exchange rate as a new variable in positivist studies and the methods of co-integration test and error correction model in the comparison of the relationships between real exchange rate and the proportion of tertiary industry production value and between the proportion of employ...

实证结果表明，从长期看日本第三产业就业比重上升与实际汇率升值正相关，而中国的相应变量间不存在类似长期关系。比较分析得出结论：只有在汇率适度浮动，资源在部门间流动壁垒减少这两个条件满足时，汇率升值才会产生资源配置作用，推动劳动向非贸易部门转移，逐步优化就业结构。

I think that, even if the authorities see the merit of another one-off revaluation, they are unlikely to make an adjustment of 10% or more in one go, given their hallmark gradualist approach to any major reform.

我认为，即使中国政府认识到再度进行一次性升值有好处，他们也不大可能使一次升值幅度达到或超过10%，因为中国对任何重大改革一贯采取渐进式战略。

Further said that, the present world trade pattern had decided occupies for a long time the trade deficit country incapably after the domestic currency (no matter it whether belongs to world currency) to revalue the exportation growth which the realization sends, on the contrary, occupies the trade surplus country to have ability for a long time the import growth and following after which sends first through the domestic currency revaluation realization sends the exportation growth.

进一步说，目前的世界贸易格局决定了长期处在贸易逆差的国家无力通过本国货币(不论其是否属于世界货币)升值实现后发的出口增长，相反，长期处在贸易顺差的国家则有能力通过本国货币升值实现先发的进口增长和随之而来的后发出口增长。

First, the land along the Light Rail Although enable appreciation, but do not have an appreciation of the universal laws.

首先，轻轨虽然能够使沿线土地升值，但升值多少并不具有普遍规律。

However, the appreciation of RMB"s RER is unfavorable to the improvement of China"s international competitiveness. So, under the background of the fact that RMB"s RER will face appreciation in midium or long term, we should strengthen China"s scientific and technological competitiveness and effective supply ability to keep and promote the international competitiveness of China.

然而人民币实际汇率的升值对中国国际竞争力的改善是不利的，因此，在人民币实际汇率面临中长期升值的背景下，我们需要提升中国的科技竞争力和有效供给能力才能保持并提升中国的国际竞争力。

What has caused the appreciation of the RMB revaluation?

是什么原因造成了人民币的升值升值呢？

To all project practicality, the introduction is given to the operational characteristics, the methods for calculation and the researching actuality of the tail tunnels with sloping ceiling underground hydropower stations the Three Gorges. This paper has discussed in detail the characteristic method being the same with the compressive flow and the Priessmann solution being the same with the free-surface-pressure flow. And how to deal with boundary conditions has been expatiated. Also hydraulic transient process of tremendous load fluctuation in the tail tunnels with sloping ceiling has been numerical simulated and the Fortran program for numerical simulation has been given. The paper gain the maximal press for tail end of the shell, the maximal rising rate of rotational speed of generating set, the maximal vacuum degree for inlet of the tail tunnels and so on under 11 kinds conditions of tremendous load fluctuation. These conditions include the design conditions, the check conditions and the superposition conditions. Finally, the computing results have been analyzed and summarized. The end chapter is the general comment of the whole-length content and the describing of the intending view of researching.

本文以三峡右岸地下电站尾水洞设计为背景，从工程实际出发，阐述了变顶高尾水洞的工作特性、使用范围及其研究现状；详细论述了适用有压流的特征线法、适用明满交替流的普里斯曼解法等数学模型；边界条件的给定和明满交替流的计算方法；用Fonran语言编制了数值计算程序，对三峡右岸地下电站变顶高尾水洞的大波动工况进行了数值模拟，分别得出了在设计工况、校核工况和叠加工况下蜗壳末端最大压力上升值、机组最大转速上升值和尾水管进口最大真空度等重要参数；对数值计算结果进行了详细分析并得出了有价值的结论；最后展望了今后水电站变顶高尾水洞的研究方向。

The superficies were internal investment upsurge in fixed assets from the late year 2002 and continuous growth of investment in real estate from the second half of year 1998, as well as reduction of food output causes the raw materials price to rise.

2003年以来，我国的货币政策一直备受国内外关注，围绕着货币政策的两大焦点一个是"加息"，一个是"升值"，"加息"和"升值"分别反映了目前我国宏观经济内部和外部出现的失衡情况。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。