十四世纪

This thesis inspects the management of TVA in Tennessee valley from 1933 to 1953. The author hopes to explore the role it played on the process of watershed management and get a deeper understanding of the government intervention in United States.

本文从历史视角入手，考察了1933年到1953年间TVA对美国田纳西流域的治理历程，从中探索出早期TVA在流域治理时所遵循的理念及其所扮演的角色，进而对二十世纪三四十年代田纳西流域的发展以及美国政府干预思想有深刻的认识。

Chinachanged its mind after vituperative outbursts online bynationalists, still angry with Japan for its occupation of China inthe 1930s and 1940s.

但民族主义者仍对二十世纪三、四十年代日本侵华很愤怒，他们在网上责骂之后，中国政府改变了想法。

But the Weimar Republic and China in the 1940's were.

但二十世纪四十年代的魏玛共和国和中国却可以。

If you divide the 20th century into quartiles, the period when the initial yield gap was highest (ie, bonds yielded more than cash) saw a subsequent ten-year real return from gilts of just 0.3%.

如果你把二十世纪分成四个时期，初始收益差最高的时期（例如，债券比现金收益大）之后会遇到十年金边债券净收益只有0.3%的情况。

Chapter Two reviews former researches on this subject and puts forward the perspective of the writer. Specifically, abroad researches are reflected from sociological, psychological and economical points of view whereas attention is paid to domestic statements in 30s and 80s in the 20th century. Contrastingly, this study pays attention to the influential factors for the formation of prospect in an uncertain situation from socio-psychological, especially socio-cognitive psychological perspective.

第二章则通过回顾对这一问题的相关研究，提出自己的研究视角，具体地说，对国外的研究分别从社会学、心理学和经济学三个方面进行回顾，国内则主要是20世纪三、四十年代的一些论述以及八十年代以后的一些研究，而本研究的视角是从社会心理学尤其是社会认知心理学的角度出发，考察不确定性情景下预期形成的影响因素。

Chapter Two reviews former researches on this subject and puts forward the perspective of the writer. Specifically, abroad researches are reflected from sociological, psychological and economical points of view whereas attention is paid to domestic statements in 30s and 80s in the 20th century. Contrastingly, this study pays attention to the influential factors for the formation of prospect in an uncertain situation from socio-psychological, especially socio-cognitive psychological perspective. Chapter Three deals with the direct association of psychological prospect and the choice of action pattern.

第二章则通过回顾对这一问题的相关研究，提出自己的研究视角，具体地说，对国外的研究分别从社会学、心理学和经济学三个方面进行回顾，国内则主要是20世纪三、四十年代的一些论述以及八十年代以后的一些研究，而本研究的视角是从社会心理学尤其是社会认知心理学的角度出发，考察不确定性情景下预期形成的影响因素。

In American Politics: The Promise of Disharmony (1981), Huntington identifies four moments of "creedal passion" in American history: the Revolutionary era, the ages of Jacksonianism and Progressivism, and the 1960s.

在（1981）这部书里，亨廷顿确定了美国历史上有四次&信念激情&期：独立战争年代、杰克逊主义年代*、进步主义年代*和二十世纪六十年代。

After World War II, with the enforcement of a series of education laws such as the National Defense Law, the Higher Education Act of 1965, the 1972 Reauthorization of Higher Education Act, the Middle-Income Student Assistance Act , the Student Loan Reform Act of 1993, the U.S federal government has gradually set up a complete financial aid system. The system is based on student loans as its main aid form and supplemented by other forms of aid such as grants, scholarships, federal work-study programs and federal tax credits.

二十世纪三四十年代后，尤其是二战后，联邦政府出于国家利益的考虑，开始关注高等教育，从而介入学生资助领域，先后推出《国防教育法》、《高等教育法》及其系列修正案、《中等收入家庭学生资助法》、《学生贷款改革法》以及《纳税人救助法案》等一系列高等教育资助法案，逐步建立起以学生贷款为主体、辅之以助学金、奖学金、联邦工读计划以及联邦税收补贴等形式的完善的联邦政府学生资助体系。

John von Neumann and Stanislaw Ulam in the 1940s were among the first to consider attempting to understand natural phenomena via cellular automata and computers.

二十世纪四十年代，约翰·冯诺伊曼和斯坦尼斯劳·乌拉姆曾经合作，试图首先通过细胞自动机和计算机来获得自然现象的秘密。

In 1930s and 1940s, the movement of Universalizing national and fundamental education in Guangxi designed by one of great educators in twenty century of China named Lei-peihong and supported by Guangxi Provincial Government, was not only changed the educational and social condition of Guangxi, but also made a great influence to the whole country.

二十世纪三四十年代，由教育家雷沛鸿设计并得到新桂系当局支持而付诸全省实施的广西普及国民基础教育运动，不仅使广西的教育风气为之大开，而且以它的卓有成效在全国也产生了重要影响。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。