十四世纪

In the most general terms Ars Nova is used as a synonym for'14 th-century polyphony'just as Ars Antiqua stands for'13 th-century polyphony'.

一般而言，"新艺术"被认为是十四世纪复调音乐的同义词，正如"古艺术"代表"十三世纪复调"一样。

Several early 14th-century theorists referred to the idea of an Ars Antiqua, represented primarily by Franco, and an Ars Nova instituted by Philippe de Vitry(see, for instance, CoussemakerS, iii, 371,408),but in historical terms the usefulness of the idea is supported more by the treatise Ars novae musicae(c1320)of Johannes de Muris, the 1324-5bull lf Pope John XXII decrying the musicians who were 'novellae scholae discipuli' and the reference in Jacobus of Liege's Speculum musice to 'moderni cantores' and to'aliquinunc novi'.

一些十四世纪早期的理论家已经谈到以弗朗科为首要代表的古艺术的观念，新艺术是由维特利建立起来的，但从历史角度来看，这一观念的实用价值更多是由穆里斯的论文《新音乐艺术》、1324-1325年教皇若望二十二世贬斥那些"信奉新学派"的音乐家们的训令，以及列日的雅各布的《音乐明鉴》中所提到的"当代歌手"和"一些现在的认识"支撑着。

Several travellers, it is true, who visited the Holy Land during the twelfth, thirteenth, and fourteenth centuries, mention a "Via Sacra", ie, a settled route along which pilgrims were conducted, but there is nothing in their accounts to identify this with the Via Crucis, as we understand it, including special stopping-places with indulgences attached, and such indulgenced Stations must, after all, be considered to be the true origin of the devotion as now practised.

有几个旅客，这是真的，谁访问圣地在第十二，第十三和第十四世纪以来，提到了"威盛萨克拉"，即解决沿这朝圣者进行了，但并没有什麼在他们的帐户，以确定这与威盛苦，按照我们的理解，包括特别停车，地方indulgences重视，而这种indulgenced监测站必须，毕竟，被认为是真正的原产地奉献现在实行。

To get the ball rolling, Monty and Stuart get their hands on a range of firearms from the 14th up to the early 20th century. The first weapon is a matchlock musket.

为了展开测试，蒙提和史都华收集各式枪械，年代横跨十四世纪至二十世纪初。

Since the fourteenth century, and especially since the ninteenth, episcopal appointments have been removed from local clergy and laymen and reserved to Rome (which tends to preserve loyalty to the pope but also prevents churches from falling prey to local factions and national governments).

自第十四世纪以来，特别是第十九，主教任命已被调离当地神职人员和普通人并保留向罗马（往往保存的忠诚教宗，但也妨碍教会落入圈套，地方派系和各国政府）。

A number of topics are incorporated into the broad chronological sweep of the course, including: the Germanic conquest of the ancient Mediterranean world; the rise of a distinct northern culture and the Carolingian Renaissance; the emergence of feudalism and the breakdown of political order; contact with the Byzantine and Islamic East and the Crusading movement; the quality of religious life; the vitality of the high medieval economy and culture; and the catastrophes of the fourteenth century.

课程的编排顺序大致分成几个主题：日尔曼民族之征服古地中海世界；独立的北方文化兴起与加洛林王朝的文艺复兴；封建制度的崛起与政治秩序的瓦解；与拜占庭、伊斯兰东方之接触及十字军运动；宗教生活的特色；中古世纪经济和文化的活力；以及十四世纪的巨灾。

A number of topics will be incorporated into the broad chronological sweep of the course, including: the Germanic conquest of the ancient Mediterranean world; the rise of a distinct northern culture and the Carolingian Renaissance; the emergence of feudalism and the breakdown of political order; contact with the Byzantine and Islamic East and the Crusading movement; the quality of religious life; the vitality of the high medieval economy and culture; and the catastrophes of the fourteenth century.

课程的编排顺序大致分成几个主题：日尔曼民族之征服古地中海世界；独立的北方文化兴起与加洛林王朝的文艺复兴；封建制度的崛起与政治秩序的瓦解；与拜占庭、伊斯兰东方之接触及十字军运动；宗教生活的特色；中古世纪经济和文化的活力；以及十四世纪的巨灾。

Since the 14th century the hottest ten years, the glacier has started to melt, the sea level is rising, the glacier and the sea level variation rate wants the climatic model upbuilder ten year ago estimate quickly many.

自十四世纪以来最热的十年，冰川开始融化，海平面正在上涨，冰川与海平面的变化速度比气候模型建立者十年前的预计都要快许多。

The first primitive gunpowder siege artillery, bombards were created in China and Western Europe in the early 14th century and spread to the rest of the world by the late 14th century.

攻城炮为最早的攻城火炮，于十四世纪在中国和西欧问世，该世纪晚期迅速传至世界各国。

The first primitive gunpowder siege artillery, bombards were created in China and Western Europe in the early 14th century and spread to the rest of the world by the late 14th century.

攻城炮为最早的攻城火炮，於十四世纪在中国和西欧问世，该世纪晚期迅速传至世界各国。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。