十二指肠的

Consequ more neurasthenia, more aspirin, more expens illnesses, more colitis, append and dyspepsia, more soften brain and harden livers, more ulcer duodenum and lacer intestines, overwork stomach and overtax kidneys, inflam bladder and outrag spleens, dilat heart and shatter nerves, more flat chest and high blood pressure, more diabetes. Bright' disease, beri-beri, rheumatism, insomnia, arterio-sclerosis, piles, fistulas, chronic dysentry, chronic constipation, loss of appetit and weari of life.

因此患神经衰弱症的人更多，吃阿司匹灵药饼的人更多，患贵族病的人更多，患结肠炎、盲肠炎和消化不良症的人更多，患脑部软化和肝脏变硬的人更多，患十二指肠烂溃症和肠部撕裂症的人更多，胃部工作过度和肾脏负担过重的人更多，患膀胱发炎和脾脏损坏症的人更多，患心脏胀大和神经错乱的人更多，患胸部平坦和血压过高的人更多，患糖尿病、肾脏炎、脚气症、风湿痺、失眠症、动脉硬化症、痔疾、瘘管、慢性痢疾、慢性大便秘结、胃口不佳和生之厌倦的人更多。

RESULTS Duodenal ulcer was the first cause of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Gastric ulcer, cirrhosis, Mallory-Weiss syndrome or acute gastric mucous lesion was the second cause of the illness alternatively. The rate of endoscopy and emergent endoscopy has been going up year after year and got up to 80% in 1998. Bleeding and active hemorrhage, respectively were found in 24.3% and 14.9% of the patients underwent endoscopy before medication. Endoscopic hemostasis was performed in 108 patients by spraying hemostatics and a good response was achieved subsequently. Hemostatics were mainly cimetidine and yunnan baiyao before 1994. Reptilase, pPI, famotidine and ranitidine were used increasingly while cimetidine and yunnan baiyao were used decreasingly. Octreotide was used in patients with cirrhosis commonly. The length of hospital stay and the period from admission to bleeding cease tended to be shorter year by year, but the reduction rate was small. The uses of ranitidine, famotidine, pPI, reptilase, octreotide, early endoscopy and endoscopic therapy may play a role in improving the therapeutic effect of hemostasis, reducing the hospitalization and the mortality.

结果 十二指肠球部溃疡是历年上消化道出血的首要原因，胃溃疡、肝硬变、Mallory -Weiss综合征、急性胃粘膜病变则交替成为第2位出血原因；内镜诊断率和急诊内镜率逐年提高，1998年达到80%，内镜下见出血者占内镜检查的24.3%，而见到活动性出血者仅占内镜检查者的14.9%；内镜下止血108例次，成功率100%；1994年前治疗药物主要为云南白药和甲氰咪胍，之后，随着立止血、质子泵抑制剂、法莫替丁、雷尼替丁等药物使用的逐渐增多，前二者的使用逐渐减少，善得定多用于肝硬变出血；住院天数和止血天数呈逐年下降的趋势，但幅度微小；雷尼替丁、法莫替丁、PPI、立止血、善得定的使用以及及时的内镜检查和内镜下治疗在提高止血效果、缩短住院天数、降低死亡率方面可能起到了一定作用。

Abstract］ objective to explore the experience in the diagnosis and treatment of small bowel diverticular surgical complication.methods 24 cases of small bowel diverticular were retrospectively analysed.results the diagnosis was made preoperatively in 4 duodenal diverticula and only 1 jejunal diverticula.clinical complications included obstruction in 11 cases,bleeding in 4 cases,perforation in 4 cases.23 cases were cured.1 case was died of mof.all the diverticular with complications had histopathological signs of inflammation and 3 had signs of ulcer and 4 had the resected.conclusion the small bowel diverticular is rare.it may diagnose except common reason underwent gastrointestinal bleeding or obstruction.the gi is an effective way of examinations.operation is effective for small bowel diverticular disease.

回顾性分析24例小肠憩室病外科并发症的临床资料。结果术前6例十二指肠憩室中4例确诊，18例空回肠憩室仅1例确诊。小肠憩室伴小肠梗阻11例，憩室出血4例，憩室穿孔4例。23例治愈，1例死于多脏器功能衰竭。有并发症的憩室病理都有炎症表现，5例有溃疡，4例有异位黏膜组织。结论小肠憩室病比较少见。在胃肠出血或梗阻的情况下，可采取对常见原因排除的方法进行诊断。在不需要急诊手术的情况下，钡餐造影是最有效的检查。手术是可靠有效的治疗方法。

Observe the effect of Fuling Gancao Decoction on gastric liquid emptying and content of nitric oxide and acetylcholine esteras in the gastric fundus,antrum and duodenal tissu of functional dyspepsia rats and investigate the mechanism.1 Reference reviewThe reference review discussed the source of disease name of TCM for FD,etiology and pathogenesis of TCM,selection of therapeutic methods by different stages or according to the differential syndrome diagnosis,advance on the clinical and experimental research as well as the problems lying in the research of TCM and corresponding strategies.We also have summarized the recent research progresses on the FD.In the meanwhile,we further exploited the pathologic characteristics,diagnosis and treatment of FD;summarized etiology and pathogenesis of TCM for FD and application of Classical Prescriptions in clinical and experimental study;Collected and arranged the Literatures and summarized the recent research progresses of Fuling Gancao Decoction;Finally, collected and arranged the literatures of proved cases and clinical experiences of Fuling Gancao Decoction.2 Theoretical studyThe Theoretical study first discussed the source of TCM for stomach deficiency and congestion of fluid-retention in syndromes of FD;Secondly, summarized the indications of Fuling Gancao Decoction,that is:①epigastric throb,②cold hands and feet in syncope,③hydroadipsia,④gastric blockade,⑤gastric splashing sound,⑥no desire for drinks,⑦light white tongue,thin-white and smooth fur,⑧deep and wiry pulse are the indications of Fuling Gancao Decoction;Subsequently,analyzed the composition of Fuling Gancao Decoction,considered that ginger is the main drug which treating congestion of fluid-retention in Middle-Jiao by Zhang Zhongjing.3 Experimental study3.1 Experiment oneObjective:To establish the animal model of FD with delayed gastric liquid emptying and evaluat it.

同时观察茯苓甘草汤对FD大鼠胃液体排空及胃底、胃窦及十二指肠中乙酰胆碱酯酶、一氧化氮含量的影响，探讨茯苓甘草汤的作用机制。1文献综述参照古、今中医有关文献对FD的中医病名、病因病机、辨证论治方法、临床及实验研究进展进行了探讨，并对现代医学在FD研究中所取得的(来源：A0bBC论文网www.abclunwen.com)进展进行了总结，进一步明确了FD的发病机制、诊断和治疗的研究进展；总结了中医对FD的病因及发病机制、中医诊断及经方治疗FD临床及实验研究进展；并搜集和整理已发表的有关茯苓甘草汤研究报道，阐述了茯苓甘草汤的现代研究进展；最后搜集和整理了近现代著名医家应用茯苓甘草汤的经验及验案。2理论研究理论研究部分首先对功能性消化不良胃虚饮停证的认识进行了理论溯源；其次对茯苓甘草汤的适宜证象进行总结，认为：①心下悸，②四肢不温，③口不渴，④胃中痞满，⑤胃中振水音，⑥不欲饮水，⑦舌淡白，苔薄白而滑，⑧脉沉弦是茯苓甘草汤的主证；随后对茯苓甘草汤方药组成解析，认为生姜是仲景治疗中焦饮停的一味主药。3实验研究3.1实验一目的：探讨建立功能性消化不良胃虚饮停证的动物模型方法并对其进行评价。

Covered with soft, shaggy unmatted hairs.Consequently more neurasthenia, more aspirin, more expensive illnesses, more colitis, appendicitis and dyspepsia, more softened brains and hardened livers, more ulcerated duodenums and lacerated intestines, overworked stomachs and overtaxed kidneys, inflamed bladders and outraged spleens, dilated hearts and shattered nerves, more flat chests and high blood pressure, more diabetes. Bright's disease, beri-beri, rheumatism, insomnia, arterio-sclerosis, piles, fistulas, chronic dysentry, chronic constipation, loss of appetite and weariness of life.

因此患神经衰弱症的人更多，吃阿司匹灵药饼的人更多，患贵族病的人更多，患结肠炎、盲肠炎和消化不良症的人更多，患脑部软化和肝脏变硬的人更多，患十二指肠烂溃症和肠部撕裂症的人更多，胃部工作过度和肾脏负担过重的人更多，患膀胱发炎和脾脏损坏症的人更多，患心脏胀大和神经错乱的人更多，患胸部平坦和血压过高的人更多，患糖尿病、肾脏炎、脚气症、风湿痺、失眠症、动脉硬化症、痔疾、瘘管、慢性痢疾、慢性大便秘结、胃口不佳和生之厌倦的人更多。

In rat esophagus, the positive varicosities and fibres could be observed in the circular muscle layer and the muscularis mucosae layer at 21st day before birth. With the development of rat digestive tract, neurokinin A-immunoreactivity positive nerves could be observed gradually in the epithelium, submucosa, longitudinal muscle layer, myenteric plexus and submucosal plexes, while mature nerve fibres could be seen at one month after birth. 2. In rat stomach, the positive reaction of NKA initially happened in the myenteric plexus at the 14th day of embryo, and then appeared on circular muscles, longitudinal muscles, submucosal, muscularis mucosae, lamina propria and epithelium. 30 days after birth, expression of NKA is same as seen in adaulthood. 3. In rat small intestinal, the NKA-IR could first be found in the myenteric plexus of the duodenum, jejunum and ileum at 14th , 15th and 17th day before birth respectively. Then the NKA-IR occurred in the longitudinal muscle layer, circular muscle layer, intestinal villus, intestinal gland, muscularis mucosae, submucosa, submucosal plexes, mucosa plexus and deep muscular plexus.

结果 1、在食管，于胚胎21天的粘膜肌层和环肌层内观察到神经激肽A免疫阳性膨体纤维，出生后，随幼鼠的生长发育，相继在上皮，粘膜下层，纵肌层、肌间丛、粘膜下丛有NKA-IR表达，30天时已和成年鼠相似；2、在胃，首先于胚胎14天的肌间丛出现NKA-IR的表达，随发育相继在环肌、纵肌，粘膜下层、粘膜肌、固有膜及上皮内出现NKA-IR的表达，30天时具备成年鼠的分布特征；3、在小肠，分别于胚胎14、15、17天的十二指肠、空肠和回肠的肌间丛处出现NKA-IR的表达，随发育相继出现在纵肌、环肌、绒毛、小肠腺周、粘膜肌、粘膜下层、粘膜下丛、粘膜丛、深肌丛。

Inflammation of the mucous membrane of the stomach and intestines .Consequently more neurasthenia, more aspirin, more expensive illnesses, more colitis, appendicitis and dyspepsia, more softened brains and hardened livers, more ulcerated duodenums and lacerated intestines, overworked stomachs and overtaxed kidneys, inflamed bladders and outraged spleens, dilated hearts and shattered nerves, more flat chests and high blood pressure, more diabetes. Bright's disease, beri-beri, rheumatism, insomnia, arterio-sclerosis, piles, fistulas, chronic dysentry, chronic constipation, loss of appetite and weariness of life.

因此患神经衰弱症的人更多，吃阿司匹灵药饼的人更多，患贵族病的人更多，患结肠炎、盲肠炎和消化不良症的人更多，患脑部软化和肝脏变硬的人更多，患十二指肠烂溃症和肠部撕裂症的人更多，胃部工作过度和肾脏负担过重的人更多，患膀胱发炎和脾脏损坏症的人更多，患心脏胀大和神经错乱的人更多，患胸部平坦和血压过高的人更多，患糖尿病、肾脏炎、脚气症、风湿痺、失眠症、动脉硬化症、痔疾、瘘管、慢性痢疾、慢性大便秘结、胃口不佳和生之厌倦的人更多。

Arterial disease in which chronic high blood pressure is the primary symptom.Consequently more neurasthenia, more aspirin, more expensive illnesses, more colitis, appendicitis and dyspepsia, more softened brains and hardened livers, more ulcerated duodenums and lacerated intestines, overworked stomachs and overtaxed kidneys, inflamed bladders and outraged spleens, dilated hearts and shattered nerves, more flat chests and high blood pressure, more diabetes. Bright's disease, beri-beri, rheumatism, insomnia, arterio-sclerosis, piles, fistulas, chronic dysentry, chronic constipation, loss of appetite and weariness of life.

因此患神经衰弱症的人更多，吃阿司匹灵药饼的人更多，患贵族病的人更多，患结肠炎、盲肠炎和消化不良症的人更多，患脑部软化和肝脏变硬的人更多，患十二指肠烂溃症和肠部撕裂症的人更多，胃部工作过度和肾脏负担过重的人更多，患膀胱发炎和脾脏损坏症的人更多，患心脏胀大和神经错乱的人更多，患胸部平坦和血压过高的人更多，患糖尿病、肾脏炎、脚气症、风湿痺、失眠症、动脉硬化症、痔疾、瘘管、慢性痢疾、慢性大便秘结、胃口不佳和生之厌倦的人更多。

A performer who pretends to swallow fire.Consequently more neurasthenia, more aspirin, more expensive illnesses, more colitis, appendicitis and dyspepsia, more softened brains and hardened livers, more ulcerated duodenums and lacerated intestines, overworked stomachs and overtaxed kidneys, inflamed bladders and outraged spleens, dilated hearts and shattered nerves, more flat chests and high blood pressure, more diabetes. Bright's disease, beri-beri, rheumatism, insomnia, arterio-sclerosis, piles, fistulas, chronic dysentry, chronic constipation, loss of appetite and weariness of life.

因此患神经衰弱症的人更多，吃阿司匹灵药饼的人更多，患贵族病的人更多，患结肠炎、盲肠炎和消化不良症的人更多，患脑部软化和肝脏变硬的人更多，患十二指肠烂溃症和肠部撕裂症的人更多，胃部工作过度和肾脏负担过重的人更多，患膀胱发炎和脾脏损坏症的人更多，患心脏胀大和神经错乱的人更多，患胸部平坦和血压过高的人更多，患糖尿病、肾脏炎、脚气症、风湿痺、失眠症、动脉硬化症、痔疾、瘘管、慢性痢疾、慢性大便秘结、胃口不佳和生之厌倦的人更多。

The section of the small intestine between the duodenum and the ileum.Consequently more neurasthenia, more aspirin, more expensive illnesses, more colitis, appendicitis and dyspepsia, more softened brains and hardened livers, more ulcerated duodenums and lacerated intestines, overworked stomachs and overtaxed kidneys, inflamed bladders and outraged spleens, dilated hearts and shattered nerves, more flat chests and high blood pressure, more diabetes. Bright's disease, beri-beri, rheumatism, insomnia, arterio-sclerosis, piles, fistulas, chronic dysentry, chronic constipation, loss of appetite and weariness of life.

因此患神经衰弱症的人更多，吃阿司匹灵药饼的人更多，患贵族病的人更多，患结肠炎、盲肠炎和消化不良症的人更多，患脑部软化和肝脏变硬的人更多，患十二指肠烂溃症和肠部撕裂症的人更多，胃部工作过度和肾脏负担过重的人更多，患膀胱发炎和脾脏损坏症的人更多，患心脏胀大和神经错乱的人更多，患胸部平坦和血压过高的人更多，患糖尿病、肾脏炎、脚气症、风湿痺、失眠症、动脉硬化症、痔疾、瘘管、慢性痢疾、慢性大便秘结、胃口不佳和生之厌倦的人更多。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。