区间图

In this paper the author presents a new method to define the critical path of the network chart by the upper limit of interval estimation of mathematical statistics. Thus, a new model which is based on the multiple objective decision making, is established. Such an approach tallies with the actu...

本文提出运用数理统计的区间估计的上限来确定网络图关键路线的方法，并利用多目标决策方法建立一个模型，更切合实际地确定了网络中的关键路线

We prove that there exists no expansive Z2 actions on graphs, but the free product Z * Z can act on the closed interval expansively.

证明了图上不存在Z~2膨胀作用；闭区间上存在自由积Z*Z的膨胀作用。

Stable and electrochemically active films were produced by electropolymerization of brilliant cresyl blue on graphite carbon electrode in aqueous solutions.

在pH=6.69的PBS中灿烂甲酚蓝的循环伏安图上(扫描电位区间为-0.5V～0.5V)有一对氧化还原峰，峰电位分别为Ep.a=-0.24V和Ep.c=-0.35V。

We look at the matrix map, the horizontal axis for market share, vertical axis is satisfied, we can see a lot of blue in the high point of market share range, is in the first quadrant and the fourth quadrant, only the domestic air-conditioning and refrigerator Brand is a high degree of satisfaction with the first Matrix, a general view that our domestic brands can be said to occupy a cost-effective in the low-end market, but in terms of satisfaction to be improved.

我们看一下矩阵图，横轴为市场份额，纵轴是满意度，可以看到大量蓝点分布在高的市场份额区间，就是在第一象限和第四象限，仅有空调和冰箱的国产品牌是属于满意度较高的第一矩阵，所以总体来看说明我们的国产品牌，可以说性价比占据了中低端市场，但是满意度方面还是亟待提高。

Sensitive range from 49.1% to 100%, specificity range from 18.2% to 90%,accurate range from 45.5% to 88.3%, PPV range from 34.1% to 95.2,NPV range from 22.2% to 100%,the combine sensitive was 82.7%,specificity was 63.3%;there were not obvious publish bias in the 9 articles, and there was heterology of the 9 articles, the forest figure show RR was 2.34[1.43,3.05],and its 95% confidence interval did not include 1,the chance of malignancy nodules'SUV above 2.5 were more than benign nodules.

文献报道的敏感性49.1-100%，特异性18.2-90.0%，准确性45.5-88.3%，阳性预测值34.1-95.2%，阴性预测值22.2-100%，Meta分析合并后的敏感性82.7%，特异性为63.3%，准确性为71.8%，阳性预测值80.8%，阴性预测值57.0%；漏斗图成近似倒三角形，认为文献无明显发表偏移；对文献异质性检验，P小于0.05，认为文献来源存在异质性；选用随机效应模式得到森林图，RR为2.34[1.43，3.05]，其95%的可信区间不包括1，认为肿瘤病人最大SUV 2.5法呈阳性的可能性大于非肿瘤病人，二者之间具有统计学差异；两篇来源于日本的文献显示日本国的18F-FDG PET肺占位显像假阴性率高于我国。

A series of theoretical and experimental studies on the microstrip patch antennas with dielectric superstrates is carried out systematically. Firstly, a comprehensive survey of the microstrip antenna technology and its theories are presented. Then, two analysis techniques, named as the spectral domain Green's function method and the spectral domain integral equation method are developed. The SDGF method is a simplified analysis technique, which takes advantage of the spectral domain immittance approach to find the dyadic Green's function for the stratified media, and obtains the complete closed-form formulas for radiation patterns, directivity, efficiency, gain etc. Some interesting calculated results are presented. The SDIE method is capable of determining resonant frequency, radiation characteristics, input impedance etc, for the covered microstrip patch antennas. Comparing with other full-wave analyses it reduced computation and mathematical labour remarkably. The singularities near the pole location of the surface-wave modes and the difficulty of the integral computation over infinite range of oscillating integrands are dealt with actively and documented well. Results predicted by the SDIE method agree extremely well with our experimental results for resonant frequencies of various superstrates. The superstrate effects on impedance and radiation characteristics also have been investigated experimentally so that the gap due to lack of measured data and computed results for multi-layered superstrate has been filled to some degrees and two useful observations have been achieved for weakening the resonant frequency shift and optimizing the microstrip antenna gain. As a meaningful application, the design and analysis of a 4×4 patch array are introduced.

实用微带天线普遍加介质覆盖层来防护热，物理损伤和环境影响，也可能在飞行或严酷气候条件下自然形成覆盖层本论文对带介质覆盖层的微带贴片天线系统地作了一系列理论和实验研究首先，对微带天线技术和理论作了全面的综述然后，发展了两种分析方法，称为谱域格林函数法和谱域积分方程法SDGF法是一种简化的分析技术，它利用谱域导抗法来求得分层媒质的并矢格林函数，并得出方向图、方向性系数、增益等参数的完整的闭式公式，给出了一些令人感兴趣的计算结果SDIE法能确定介质覆盖微带天线的谐振频率、辐射特性和输入阻抗等与其它全波分析方法相比，它明显减小了计算量和数学工作量已有效地处理了表面波模极点附近的奇异性和对振荡的被积函数的无限区间积分计算的困难对于不同覆盖层情况下的谐振频率，由SDIE法所预示的结果与我们的实验结果吻合得很好对于覆盖层对阻抗和辐射特性的影响也已作了实验研究这在某种程度上填补了缺少实验数据和计算结果之间的间隙，并得出了缓解谐振频率偏移和优化天线增益的两点有用的结论作为有意义的应用，介绍了一个4×4元矩形贴片天线阵的设计和分析。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。

The study of operation of lattice dicision-making By applying the concept, theory, method of lattice theory and graph theory, defining and stipulating the method which can reflect the superior or inferior relation among different elements on lattice, and the variable, parameter, operation rule and the compare method, For example, the preference distance and it's working with relecting the superior or inferior relation among different elements on lattice.

借助格论和图论中的有关概念、理论和方法，定义和规定了能描述格上不同元素之间优劣关系及其联系强度的变量、参数、运算规则及其比较方法，如反映不同决策方案的优劣程度差别的"偏好距离"及其计算，并将此理论运用到了具有区间数的群决策问题中去，给出了区间数的一种格序排列方法。

The Mantel-Haenszel and Peto are used with Review Manager software to test the heterogeneity .the odds ratio after combination and confidence interval 95% are calculated.

统计学处理时用Mantel-Haenszel法和Peto法并借助Review Manager软件对随机对照试验做了异质性检验、计算了合并的机会比以及95％的可信区间、对统计分析结果做了敏感性分析、用漏斗图的形式定性地分析了发表偏倚性，并用森林图的方式图示了统计分析结果。

Oriented to the knowledge processing in IHS, in order to design a tume Petri nets efficient algorithm for temporal knowledge reasoning the dissertation makes full use of the efficiency of Petri nets for knowledge processing and the model of train group operation.

针对智能混杂系统的知识处理问题，在已经建立的列车群运行系统的对象Petri网模型的基础上，本文利用Petri网对知识的处理能力，给出了一种有效的时间Petri网的时间知识推理算法，由于算法中引入模糊时间区间的操作、保留了最少数量的生成图节点，所以该算法比已有的算法效率高并可处理时间区间的不确定性问题。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。