匹配问题

The proposed algorithm does not need complex hash operation, and the matching pointer does not need backdate during matching. Theoretic analysis and experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm efficiently solves the space expansion problem, and process mixed Chinese and English text correctly and efficiently with lower time and space complexity.

理论分析与实验结果表明，所提出的算法在匹配中无需复杂的哈希运算，不需要回溯匹配指针，在中英文混合环境下能够进行正确、高效的匹配，而且不存在空间膨胀问题，具有较低的空间与时间复杂度，有较大理论与应用价值。

The dual-band differential LNA use Inductive source degeneration structure, a matching network is used for the LNA to develop dual-band. The micro-mixer use a matching network shunt and parallel LC elements to develop wide-band matching. The biasing method reduces the"voltage headroom" difficulties inherent to the Gilbert cell, and the mixer linearity can be improved using this biasing method "Charge -Injection"by accurate adjustment of the input MOSFET operating point. The complementary VCO based on 2.5GHz, and tuning output buffer to approach 2GHz/5GHz dual-band for dual-band down-converter with MMIC technology.

其中双频差动低杂讯放大器，本电路用Inductive Source Degeneration 架构，在匹配网上设计，使低杂讯放大器工作在个频带上达成双频带的效果；CMOS 微混频器上采用LC串联、并联电路做匹配，达到宽频匹配的效果，并加入了"Charge-Injection"的方法来改善"voltage headroom"的问题，并同时提高线性度的表现；互补式压控振荡器以2.5GHz为基频的振荡器为出发点，透过电路的调整，以期达成2.5/5GHz的双频带需求，能够完整达成双频带接收机系统。

To solve the accuracy and the recognizing effect problems for fingerprint matching in the progress of fingerprint recognition, and considering the triangulation of cupidity algorithm in computational geometry and leading it into the fingerprint matching, a method for fingerprint matching which based on trigonometric grid is proposed.

针对指纹识别过程中的指纹匹配算法的准确性以及识别效果等问题，结合计算几何中平面点集的三角剖分方法－贪心算法的特点，将其引入指纹匹配处理，提出了一种基于三角网格（用贪心算法进行平面点集的三角剖分）的指纹匹配方法。

It solves the problem that the unitary contour presentation can not correctly extract face contour in a face image which suffers from scale, rotation etc. The definition of the internal and external energy function is provided. At the same time, the global matching algorithm and local matching algorithm is given. The experiment shows that this presentation and the accompanying matching algorithm can be used to extract the face contour very well. So the image segmentation can be implemented by using it.②By analyzing the recognition principle of PCA method, we can conclude that the face images coming from different surrounding consist of different face image space. This is the essential reason that makes the generality of PCA method worse. Also, we give a measurement means to measure the distance from different face image space, so we can analyze face image space more conveniently.③We also construct various scale models and rotation pose models to detect the scale and rotating angle of face image to be recognized. The experiment results show that the detecting precision is very high. So it is good for face image feature extraction and face image representation.④Similarly, we construct local feature models of face image and utilize them to detect the local feature of face image. At the same time, we put forward a novel face image local feature detection algorithm, locating step by step. The experiment results show that this method can accurately detect the location of local face feature in a image.⑤A novel face image presentation model, dual attribute graph , is put forward. Firstly, it utilizes attribute graph to present the face image, then exact the local principal component coefficient and Gabor transform coefficient of thc pixels which corresponds to the nodes of the graph as the attribute of the nodes. This representation fully makes use of the statistical characteristic of the local face feature and utilizes Gabor transform to present the topographical structure of face image. So DAG has more general property.⑥Based on the DAG presentation, we give a DAG matching function and matching algorithm. During the design of the function and algorithm, the noise factor, e. g., lighting, scale and rotation pose are considered and tried to be eliminated. So the algorithm can give more general property.⑦A general face image recognition system is implemented. The experiment show the system can get better recognition performance under the noise surrounding of lighting, scale and rotation pose.

本文在上述研究的基础上，取得了如下主要研究成果：①构造了一个通用的人脸轮廓模型表示，解决了由于人脸图象尺度、旋转等因素而使得仅用单一轮廓表示无法正确提取人脸轮廓的问题，并给出了模型内、外能函数的定义，同时给出了模型的全局与局部匹配算法，实验表明，使用这种表示形式以及匹配算法，能够较好地提取人脸图象的轮廓，可实际用于人脸图象的分割；②深入分析了PCA方法的识别机制，得出不同成象条件下的人脸图象构成不同的人脸图象空间的结论，同时指出这也是造成PCA方法通用性较差的本质原因，并给出了不同人脸空间距离的一种度量方法，使用该度量方法能够直观地对人脸图象空间进行分析；③构造了各种尺度模板、旋转姿势模板以用于探测待识人脸图象的尺度、旋转角度，实验结果表明，探测精确度很高，从而有利于人脸图象特征提取，以及图象的有效表示；④构造了人脸图象的各局部特征模板，用于人脸图象局部特征的探测；同时提出了一种新的人脸图象局部特征探测法---逐步求精定位法，实验结果表明，使用这种方法能够精确地得到人脸图象各局部特征的位置；⑤提出了一种新的人脸图象表示法---双属性图表示法；利用属性图来表示人脸图象，并提取图节点对应图象位置的局部主成分特征系数以及Gabor变换系数作为图节点的属性，这种表示方法充分利用了人脸图象的局部特征的统计特性，并且使用Gabor变换来反映人脸图象的拓扑结构，从而使得双属性图表示法具有较强的通用性；⑥在双属性图表示的基础上，给出双属性图匹配函数及匹配算法，在函数及算法设计过程中，考虑并解决了光照、尺度、旋转姿势变化等因素对人脸图象识别的影响，使得匹配算法具有较强的通用性；⑦设计并实现了一个通用的人脸图象识别系统，实验结果表明，该系统在图象光照、尺度、旋转姿势情况下，得到了较好的识别效果。

Though it can not avoid the problem of image ergodicity, it can decrease the image matching calculation and reduce the computation time of the matching algorithm.

可以通过"子模板"的匹配实现对图像目标的识别与跟踪，虽然同样存在图像匹配遍历问题，但可大大减少图像匹配的计算量，减少图像匹配的计算时间。

Then, by taking the local features provided by users as portions of the AAG, and the whole CAD model as the whole AAG, the problem of local feature matching is transformed into that of subgraph isomorphism. Subgraph isomorphism is a NP-complete problem.

在局部匹配过程中，用户输入的局部结构被表示成"子图"，待匹配的整体CAD模型被表示成"大图"；则在整体CAD模型中，检索局部结构的问题就被转换成在"大图"中寻找同构"子图"的问题。

Based on survey of existing methods, in this dissertation: aimed to the reliability of stereo image matching in digital photogrammetric, a new matching strategy utilized local continuity constraints encoded by triangulation of the well-defined points is proposed; concerned with the inherent efficient, accuracy and size constraint problems of existing topographic structure extraction approach, an efficient, accurate and large scale data adapted approach based on the combination of vector and raster processes are proposed.

在对国内外这方面工作进行总结分析的基础上，针对数字摄影测量立体像对影像匹配的可靠性问题，首次提出了基于良好匹配点三角形约束下影像匹配传播方法；为了解决以往基于邻域操作的地形结构线提取算法效率低下、结果准确性差和处理数据规模限制等问题，提出了适用于大规模规则格网DEM数据的基于矢量、栅格操作相结合的地形结构线快速提取算法。

So this paper takes the middle speed and small power of ship diesel engine as research object, and with the title of the matching research of ship diesel engine with screw propeller and the optimized design of cooling system to research the matching design of ship power system. And the main content of this paper is as the following:(1) The establishment of matching calculation platform of screw propeller and diesel engine. This paper starts with the analysis of balance of ship energy, and gets energy transfer relationship between ship diesel engine and screw propeller.

为此，本论文以中速小功率船舶柴油机为研究对象，以船舶机桨匹配与冷却系统优化设计为题进行船舶动力系统匹配设计研究，主要内容有：(1)船舶机桨匹配设计计算平台的建立本论文基于船舶能量平衡问题分析，推导螺旋桨与船舶柴油机之间能量传递关系，分析螺旋桨与柴油机的匹配设计。

The dissertation includes:◆General research of canonic VSC The contents are following: the cause and eliminating approach of chattering; Invariance property; the relation between VSC and high-gain linear feedback control.

讨论了产生不变性的条件；揭示了VSC与大增益线性反馈控制的等价关系；提出了用切换面邻域内的稳定性来分析抖动起因的方法。◆研究了不确定系统的VSC设计分别针对满足匹配条件但集总不确定部分上界不确知、不满足匹配条件但满足广义匹配条件、不满足广义匹配条件等情况，研究了其VSC设计问题。

The existing image matching methods work well in open areas with relatively smooth terrain. However, they still meet many problems in the case of larger scale images of nature, especially in the dense city centers, forestry areas and the textureless regions such as water bodies. The reliability of image matching is still a big issue in these cases. For example, the corners of buildings and some object boundary points sometimes cannot be matched successfully, and there are many blunders in the automatically derived digital surface models that need to be manually removed, which leads to the decrease of the automaticity in digital photogrammetry.

现有大多数立体影像匹配方法对于地形平滑的开阔地带具有较高的可靠性，然而，面对从千变万化的自然界所摄取的影像，现有的匹配方法仍然存在许多问题，尤其是在植被茂密、建筑物密集和水域等区域，影像匹配的可靠性还不高，一些建筑物的角点和地物的主要边界点还不能正确地匹配出来，自动生成的数字表面模型中存在着许多异常值，需要进行大量的人工编辑处理，这在很大程度上制约了数字摄影测量自动化水平的提高。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。