匹配

Contour matching is an integral part in image processing. Analyzing the limitation of the conventional contour matching methods which take a long time to search, an improved algorithm is proposed for contour matching.

轮廓匹配是图像处理中一个重要匹配方法，针对现有匹配方法中匹配搜索耗时多的局限性，提出了一种改进的轮廓匹配方法。

Then, the minutiae sets are aligned globally through coordinate transform, and the alignment parameters are optimized by using affine transform and least square method. Finally, minutiae matching and directional field matching are respectively achieved based on the minutiae alignment, and the two matching scores are fused into a single to obtain a more reasonable result. Experimental results show that this method contributes to ensure the accuracy of fingerprint identification as well as possesses the real-time performance.

该算法首先利用脊线信息快速确定满足局部匹配要求的细节点对，在此基础上进一步通过全局坐标变换完成细节点的全局配准，并采用仿射变换模型通过最小二乘估计对配准参数进行优化，然后在配准的基础上分别进行细节点匹配和方向场匹配，最后对两种匹配分值进行融合，以取得较合理的匹配结果。

On the base of finishing image matching, Aiming at the fact that sequence image matching and binocular stereo image matching simultaneously exists in three dimensions movement analyses based on point feature, The method of double matching restrict combining sequence and stereo image matching is brought forward in matching distinctness stage after researching and anglicizing the character of sequence matching and stereo image matching in processing.

在完成图象匹配的基础上，针对基于点特征的三维运动分析中，同时存在序列、立体图象匹配问题，研究分析该过程不同匹配的特点，提出了序列、立体匹配相结合，分阶段的双匹配约束方法。

It solves the problem that the unitary contour presentation can not correctly extract face contour in a face image which suffers from scale, rotation etc. The definition of the internal and external energy function is provided. At the same time, the global matching algorithm and local matching algorithm is given. The experiment shows that this presentation and the accompanying matching algorithm can be used to extract the face contour very well. So the image segmentation can be implemented by using it.②By analyzing the recognition principle of PCA method, we can conclude that the face images coming from different surrounding consist of different face image space. This is the essential reason that makes the generality of PCA method worse. Also, we give a measurement means to measure the distance from different face image space, so we can analyze face image space more conveniently.③We also construct various scale models and rotation pose models to detect the scale and rotating angle of face image to be recognized. The experiment results show that the detecting precision is very high. So it is good for face image feature extraction and face image representation.④Similarly, we construct local feature models of face image and utilize them to detect the local feature of face image. At the same time, we put forward a novel face image local feature detection algorithm, locating step by step. The experiment results show that this method can accurately detect the location of local face feature in a image.⑤A novel face image presentation model, dual attribute graph , is put forward. Firstly, it utilizes attribute graph to present the face image, then exact the local principal component coefficient and Gabor transform coefficient of thc pixels which corresponds to the nodes of the graph as the attribute of the nodes. This representation fully makes use of the statistical characteristic of the local face feature and utilizes Gabor transform to present the topographical structure of face image. So DAG has more general property.⑥Based on the DAG presentation, we give a DAG matching function and matching algorithm. During the design of the function and algorithm, the noise factor, e. g., lighting, scale and rotation pose are considered and tried to be eliminated. So the algorithm can give more general property.⑦A general face image recognition system is implemented. The experiment show the system can get better recognition performance under the noise surrounding of lighting, scale and rotation pose.

本文在上述研究的基础上，取得了如下主要研究成果：①构造了一个通用的人脸轮廓模型表示，解决了由于人脸图象尺度、旋转等因素而使得仅用单一轮廓表示无法正确提取人脸轮廓的问题，并给出了模型内、外能函数的定义，同时给出了模型的全局与局部匹配算法，实验表明，使用这种表示形式以及匹配算法，能够较好地提取人脸图象的轮廓，可实际用于人脸图象的分割；②深入分析了PCA方法的识别机制，得出不同成象条件下的人脸图象构成不同的人脸图象空间的结论，同时指出这也是造成PCA方法通用性较差的本质原因，并给出了不同人脸空间距离的一种度量方法，使用该度量方法能够直观地对人脸图象空间进行分析；③构造了各种尺度模板、旋转姿势模板以用于探测待识人脸图象的尺度、旋转角度，实验结果表明，探测精确度很高，从而有利于人脸图象特征提取，以及图象的有效表示；④构造了人脸图象的各局部特征模板，用于人脸图象局部特征的探测；同时提出了一种新的人脸图象局部特征探测法---逐步求精定位法，实验结果表明，使用这种方法能够精确地得到人脸图象各局部特征的位置；⑤提出了一种新的人脸图象表示法---双属性图表示法；利用属性图来表示人脸图象，并提取图节点对应图象位置的局部主成分特征系数以及Gabor变换系数作为图节点的属性，这种表示方法充分利用了人脸图象的局部特征的统计特性，并且使用Gabor变换来反映人脸图象的拓扑结构，从而使得双属性图表示法具有较强的通用性；⑥在双属性图表示的基础上，给出双属性图匹配函数及匹配算法，在函数及算法设计过程中，考虑并解决了光照、尺度、旋转姿势变化等因素对人脸图象识别的影响，使得匹配算法具有较强的通用性；⑦设计并实现了一个通用的人脸图象识别系统，实验结果表明，该系统在图象光照、尺度、旋转姿势情况下，得到了较好的识别效果。

Under this principle, we present an algorithm of matching-motion fusion for point primitives and have solved some matching problems which are intractable by existing matching methods.

在关于匹配与运动的融合的研究中，我们在计算理论上提出了用运动约束匹配的运动一致性准则，提出了点基元情况下用运动约束匹配的算法，并以此解决了一些通常匹配方法无法解决的匹配问题。

Constrained by the triangle constraint integrated with the conventional epipolar geometric constraint, the local continuity constraint is enforced by changing the constraint areas dynamically according to the local texture density. 3 The topographic structure extraction and analysis based on grid DEMs are investigated in this dissertation, the topographic structure extraction approach fills depressions by adopting vector processes combined with traditional neighborhood raster processes, assigns flow direction over flat by applying a neighbor-grouping scan method.

2提出了一种基于核线影像对和良好匹配点三角形局部连续性约束和顺序约束下的影像匹配方法，该方法利用已知良好匹配点在Delaunay TIN的约束下进行纹理自适应的匹配传播，同时利用新的匹配点对Delaunay TIN进行动态细化使得局部几何约束区域的大小自动适应影像纹理特征的变化，从而得到更加可靠的影像匹配结果。

According to if there exists a one to one mapping between the two point sets to be matched, PPM can be divided into the case of complete matching and the case of incomplete matching. According to transformation type between the two point sets, PPM can be divided into the affine (including Euclidean and similarity) case and the projective case.

点模式匹配问题，根据待匹配的两个点模式是否存在一一对应的匹配关系，可分为完全匹配情形和不完全匹配情形；根据两个点模式之间满足的几何变换关系，可分为仿射变换（包括相似变换和欧氏变换）情形和射影变换情形。

With unbiasedness proved,it analyzes precision,describles probability distribution model of successful match in serial image match,and gives the definition of SIM algorithm match probability.

并给出了成功匹配的概率分布模型，定义了序列图像匹配算法的匹配概率，通过实例分析了序列图像匹配算法的匹配概率、图像序列数、单幅匹配概率之间的定量关系，为实际图像匹配系统算法、序列数目的选择提供了重要的理论决策依据。

In the following stage of matching aligned minutial, a coarse matching set is achieved by the elastic matching algorithm, but there are always some false matching pairs.

在2个细节点集配准后的匹配中，针对采用弹性匹配算法经常出现的细节点错配的情况，提出根据匹配可信度对各匹配对的匹配分值进行加权处理，以降低其对匹配精度的影响。

Based on noncollinear optical parametric amplification in periodically poled lithium niobate which is realized by quasi-phase matching technology, we consider the possibility of semi-noncollinear phase matching method between collinear and noncollinear geometry.

基于周期性极化铌酸锂晶体的准相位匹配光参变放大过程，通过倾斜周期极化铌酸锂晶体中极化域一定角度，实现了介于共线匹配方式和非共线匹配方式之间的一种半非共线型准相位匹配方式，并以该匹配方式下的各光矢量几何关系得出相位匹配曲线，找到在特定抽运光和信号光波长下能获得宽带增益放大的周期极化长度。

I am accused of being overreligious," she said in her quiet, frank manner,"but that does not prevent me thinking the children very cruel who obstinately commit such suicide.""

客人们在卡罗利娜·埃凯家里，举止就文雅一些，因为卡罗利娜的母亲治家很严厉。

Designed by French fashion house Herm è s, this elegant uniform was manufactured in our home, Hong Kong, and was the first without a hat.

由著名品牌 Herm è s 设计，这件高贵的制服是香港本土制造，是我们第一套不配帽子的制服。