北界

The deep lacustrine facies dolomite exits in the stratum of Paleogene Shahejie Formation in Liaodongwan basin,its distribution is only in the deep sag;the rock characteristic is dolomicrite mainly,and the matter composition gives first place to ankerite .

辽东湾盆地古近系沙河街组产有一套分布仅限于深凹陷内的深湖相白云岩，岩性主要为泥-微晶白云岩，物质组分以铁白云石为主，在深湖相暗色泥岩中呈很薄的夹层产出，累计厚度6~10 m，产出位置明显受区域内辽中凹陷西界的北北东向基底断裂控制。

The main environment geological question is: The earth"s crust where the faultage and earthquake are active is unstable; collapse , landslide, mud-rock flow and soil erosion ; The underground karst subsides, seepage question; Basic rock expand, expend and compress soil body, the salt deposit corrode out of shape and groundwater"s corrodent harm; The soft soil question of basin; The soft rock body, cracked rock and the weathering rock are relatively poor stability; High and cold regional highways and railways" frozen soils freeze and melt calamity problem; The around rock of tunnel are unstable because of the coal seam gas, spring water, underground developed area; Project cutting slopes, constructed abandon soil and reservoir, lake"s ecology geological environmental protection issue; Thedangerous shoal of the channel % submerged reef question; The problem of rebuilding channel project and dock etc.; And the problem of unstable ground and groundwater corrosivity during building airport; At the same time, with the international big pathways" implementation and completions of constructions, adjusting the cities and counties" constructions , the crowd occupy changing , the cultivated land distribute changing and the adjustments of structure, will cause local environmental geological issues outstanding; According to multiple statistical analysis , value calculate and integrated appraise result, in the northwest and southwest of Yunnan, the traffic relatively low density, traffic engineering is relatively weak impact on environment, It is the area where a environme

主要的环境地质问题是：活动性断裂、地震带的地壳不稳定；崩塌、滑坡、泥石流及水土流失；地下岩溶塌陷、渗漏问题；基础岩体膨胀、胀缩土体、含盐层侵蚀变形和地下水的腐蚀危害；盆地软土问题；软弱岩体、碎裂、风化岩体稳定性较差；高寒地带公路、铁路建设的冻土冻融灾害问题；煤层瓦斯、涌水、地下采空区等隧道围岩不稳定问题；工程切坡、施工弃土及水库、湖泊生态地质环境保护问题；航道险滩、暗礁问题；渠化工程、码头等库岸再造问题；以及机场建设中的不稳定地基及地下水腐蚀性问题；同时，随着大通道建设的实施和完成，城镇建设的调整、人群居落的变化和耕地分布及结构的调整组合，都可能造成局部环境地质问题的突出等等。经多元统计分析数值计算、综合评价结果，滇西北、滇西南地区交通密度较低，交通工程对环境的影响程度较弱，是环境地质状况好的区域；有主要高原湖泊分布区的，包括昆明、个旧、文山的滇东南区域，环境地质状况较好；大姚、楚雄、篙明及会泽、昭通一镇雄的区域，即滇中北部中生界红层和滇东北岩溶区，环境地质状况中等；而包括保山、德宏、大理、临沧的滇西地区及景东一墨江以东、双柏一石屏一河口以西及东川一寻甸一曲靖地段的滇中一滇东地区，环境地质状况较差。云南国际大通道建设涉及全省区域，如何利用地质环境、实现可持续发展，就必须依赖于国际大通道建设与地质环境之间良性关系的建立。应本着对区域地质环境客观存在的科学认识原则、建设过程中环境效益优先的可持续发展原则、法制性原则、对大通道建设中环境地质的因地制宜及其可防治性原则。并且从组织管理、不同类型大通道、不同环境地质问题类型等方面，提出了对策措施。最后，提出了建立国际大通道建设与环境地质良性关系的宏观建议。

Lithologic character of Eogene syste is interbedded sandstone and mudstone primarily, including the thin layer oil shale, Neocene- Quaternary system is set of rivers deposits. Based on this, through the reaserch of ateral correlation and distribution characteristics of every structural layers show that: Paleozoic synthem overall thickness of relatively stable.The residual thickness of Mesozoic synthem is difference in the horizontal, Residues in the horizontal thickness of greater difference, to the greatest thickness achieve to 4500m. Eogene syste has obviously fault depression basin deposition characteristic, the thickness of many sags achieve to 3000 m ,from Neocene, the stratum crosswise mop tended to be stable.

在此基础上，通过对各构造层横向对比以及展布特征的研究表明，古生界构造层整体厚度相对稳定，冷武-奥陶系残留厚度在1200m左右，石炭-二叠系残留厚度在800m左右；中生界构造层残留厚度在横向上差异较大，最大厚度达到4500m，其中，下-中三叠统仅发育于南部小部分地区，最大厚度在1000m以上，侏罗系-下白垩统整体具有南厚北薄的展布特征，南部冠北洼陷厚度最大，达到3500m；新生界古近系具明显的断陷式盆地沉积特征，多个洼陷厚度在3000m以上，新近纪以后地层横向展布趋于稳定。

In Sui and Tang Dynasty (581-907), China was reunited after 300 years long split and entered a united and prosperous period. Its territory at that time reached Japanese Sea in the Northeast, Caspian Sea in Northwest, Lake Baikal and upstream of Yenisei river in the north, and Rinan in the south.

隋唐时期(公元581-907)，中国历史结束了魏晋南北朝以来长达近300年的分裂局面，进入了一个统一强盛的时期，它的疆域在极盛时东北到达日本海，西北达里海，北界包括贝加尔湖和叶尼塞河上游，南至日南。

Result: nineteen species including six new ones of blackfly from shanxi of china were reported.

山西省具有蚋类多样性，反映了古北界的区系特征。

During early and middle Jurassic period, as a northern boundary, the fault zone controlled a seires of sedimentation of coal basins and magma activity. A lot of nappes developed during Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ phase of the Yanshan movement. The strongest structural activity during the Yanshan movement is the Ⅱ phase, It had three pulsation and formed large-scale tectonic system with dextral strike slip.

早、中侏罗世，断裂带作为北界，控制了由西向东一系列煤系盆地的沉积作用和岩浆活动；在燕山运动的Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ幕中分别形成了一系列逆冲构造；其中，以燕山Ⅱ幕构造活动最强，并至少经历了三次脉动作用，形成的逆冲构造不是由盆缘到盆内的&对冲&，而是受本断裂带限制，并以之为主滑面构成了区域上的大型右行走滑斜压式构造系统。

Results of inversion show that pre-Tertiary deposition in Dongying depression is controlled with westnorth structures. Archaean group is the crystal basement of Dongying depression, which is a north steep and south gentle rift subsidence basin striking from eastnorth to near westeast, and the deepest position is up to 12000 m at the area of Xianhe and Xinzhen. The configuration of Ordovician of lower Palaeozoic system highly inherits that of Archaean group and both have a strong consistency. The configuration of Mesozoic inherits that of lower Palaeozoic system as a whole, but filling and local reconstruction are distinct, and the scope of Dongying depression has obviously decreased.

结果表明，东营凹陷前古近系沉积主要受北西向构造的控制，太古界构成东营凹陷的结晶基底，是一个北东转近东西向的北陡南缓的断陷，最深处位于现河、辛镇一带，可达12000 m；下古生界奥陶系构造具有很强的继承性，其构造格局与太古界有很强的一致性；中生界宏观上继承了下古生界的构造形态，但填平补齐和局部改造比较明显，凹陷范围明显缩小。

And this is the north side.

这是北界。

This is the north side.

这是北界。

It east Caribbean and the Atlantic Ocean, with the African continent distance of about 2494.4 km; west Pacific; south across the Drake Passage and Antarctica; north border of Mexico and the United States Rio Bravo , with the United States for the neighborhood.

它东濒加勒比海和大西洋，与非洲大陆最近距离约2494.4千米；西临太平洋；南隔德雷克海峡与南极洲相望；北界墨西哥与美国界河布拉沃河，与美国为邻。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。