化能合成的

The Diels-Alder cycloadditions of [60] fullerene for preparation of optical limitingmaterials are discussed in chapter 3 and 6. Soluble cycloaddition derivatives of 〓aresynthesized by the reaction of 〓 with indene,1,1'-biindene andcyclopentadiene derivatives.〓Particular, the Diels-Alder cycloaddition of 〓 with1,1'-biindene under controlled conditions affords the stable monoadduct 〓〓of novel structure, which was confirmed by HPLC, FTIR, FD-MS,〓NMR,〓 NMR, HMQC and HMBC spectra, Its two bridgehead cage carbons resonate at70.91ppm, The 〓 NMR spectra showed 38 lines consistent with the 〓 symmetryassociated with [6,6] addition. The 〓 shows similar optical limitingproperties to that of 〓 in toluene for 8ns laser at wave length 532nm. Moreover, thehigh solubility of this adduct in polar solvents such as THF, acetone enables itsincorporation into sol-gel glass matrix. The thin films prepared via the sol-gel methodshow improved OL behaviour compared to those of 〓. The langmuir-Blodgett filmformation and uv-visible absorption of 〓 are also investigated. LBmonolayer of this compound is prepared on the air-water interface at 〓 mol/l. In chapter 4, three water-soluble derivatives of [60] fullerene: fullerol(1), theaddition product (2)of fullerol (1)with polyvinylpyrrolidone and fumaric acidderivative of 〓(3) are synthesized and characterized.

通过Diels-Alder环加成反应，用茚〓和1，1'-联茚〓及取代茂合成了一系列可溶性的〓环加成衍生物，发现可控制反应条件，使1，1'-联茚与〓反应，并高产率地得到具有新颖结构的单加成物，用HPLC、FTIR、FD-MS 及〓、HMQC、HMBC等多种波谱技术对其结构进行表征，测得它的两个〓杂化的桥头碳的化学位移为〓ppm，证明生成的衍生物为6∶6闭式环加成，〓NMR谱中共给出38个信号，表明〓联茚衍生物分子具有〓对称性；在波长532nm，脉冲宽度8ns的激光下，〓联茚衍生物的甲苯溶液的光限幅性能与〓的甲苯溶液相近，由于〓联茚单加成衍生物熱稳定性好，在四氢呋喃，丙酮等极性溶剂中溶解性好，能分别均匀地掺入溶胶-凝胶中，已发现它的溶胶(so1)光限幅性能优于纯〓的光限幅性能；使用Langmuir-Blodgett技术将〓联茚衍生物在空气和水的界面进行了LB单层膜和多层膜实验以及UV-Vis吸收谱研究，通过等温压缩曲线测试，证明浓度为〓〓时，〓联茚衍生物能够形成单层膜。

The preliminary plan and actualized blue prints were presented,which was to construct an interact teaching,interpenetrative and flexible polymer science experiment course combined polymer chemistry,polymer physics and polymer process.Students learn from molecular design to synthesize polymer compounds and character properties of the materials,them process them to an utilized produce in this course.

设想将高分子化学、高分子物理和高分子成型加工三门实验课程有机地串联起来，组建成一门包括从高分子材料设计(用计算机软件进行分子设计、性能模拟)、聚合物合成、性能测试到加工成型，能环环相扣、互动式的、柔性化的高分子科学实验课程；提出了初步的实践方案。

The 5＇coding region of its eDNA was optimized according to the codon bias of Pichia pastoris to make it secretively express in Pichia pastoris with higher performance. Two-step DNA synthsis was used to synthesize the eDNA sequence being optimized of ADTZ. OPT-ADTZ was connected with constitutive plasmid pGAPZaA to construct the reecombinant plasmid pNOA. pNOA was linearized and then transformed into Pichia pastoris GS115. Then codonoptimized ADTZ was constitutively and secretively expressed in Pichia pastoris.

为了使重组蛋白rADTZ能在毕氏酵母中高效分泌表达，根据毕氏酵母密码子的偏好性对rADTZ的5'末端的编码区域进行了优化，利用two-stepDNAsynthsis技术合成出ADTZ优化的基因序列OPT-ADTZ，并与组成型表达载体pGAPZaA连接，构建重组质粒pNOA，线性化pNOA后转化至毕氏酵母GS115中，实现了密码子优化的rADTZ组成型分泌表达。

Objective:The aims of the present study were to determine the expression of transformation growth factor β 1 (TGF β 1) mRNA and TGF β 1 protein in the peripheral blood and its relation to serum levels of procollagen type Ⅲ N terminal peptide in the patients with cirrhosis.

转化生长因子-β1(TGF-β1)在一些体外和体内的研究中均显示能刺激胶原和细胞外基质的合成，同时又可通过抑制ECM降解以加强纤维的发生，在肝纤维化中起重要作用。

By using this methodology, alkenyl silanes which have useful applications from a synthetic point of view could be easily obtained.

藉由改变起始物硫缩醛的取代基，或是使用不同的格林那试剂，我们能利用此烯化反应得到在有机合成上有许多应用的有机矽化合物。

In this thesis, investigations focused on heteropoly acids-catalyzed C-C and C-N bond formation reactions and the synthesis of xanthenediones and acridinediones under thermal conditions are described.1.12-Phosphotungstic acid has been used as an efficient,eco-friendly,and air- and moisture-stable catalyst to promote the direct dehydrative substitution of the hydroxy group of benzylic and allylic alcohols with variousβ-dicarbonyl compounds.

本篇论文主要描述了杂多酸催化下的C-C和C-N键的生成，以及无溶剂直接加热下合成十氢氧杂蒽二酮和9-芳基十氢吖啶二酮。主要内容如下：1。在磷钨酸催化下，1，3-二羰基化合物与醇能够顺利偶合，脱除一分子的水，生成烷基化的1，3-二羰基化合物。反应在甲苯中进行时，二芳基甲醇能与各类1，3-二羰基化合物反应，成率很高；但对于1-苯乙醇，只能得到很低的产率。

The inhibition of EGCG on UPS-induced TNF-a production was mediated at least in part through blocking of p38 MAPK pathway. In addition, EGCG had a beneficial effect on acute lung injury induced by oleic acid in mice. The inhibition of phosphated p38 MAPK and the ultimate reduction of TNF-a in serum may be involved in its mechanism.

另外，EGCG对油酸型小鼠急性肺损伤有一定保护作用，其作用机制可能与其能抑制p38 MAPK的磷酸化，并减少TNF-a的合成与释放有关。

The results indicated it was very effective to increase the content of SiC whisker by ammoniating silicasol to decrease the particle size of raw powder and increase the space for SiC whisker growth, and by controlling the reaction temperature to mate the formation of SiC be compatible with the growth of SiC whisker.

工作中系统地研究了反应物料和合成工艺对SiC晶须产率和微观形貌的影响，发现氨解能促进硅溶胶的凝胶化，并细化反应物料，因而有利于SiC晶须的生成；升温速度的控制可使SiC的生成速率与SiC晶须的生长速率得到很好的适应，此为提高SiC晶须产率的有效途径。

Although CdS and NiSe belonged to the same crystal system, they had a great difference in the morphology of products produced in ethylenediamine by a solvothermal process. By making a crytallographic comparison between CdS and NiSe, I thought that fourcoordinated crystals were more prone to grow one-dimensionally in the stacking direction of tetrahedrons. This hypothesis could also be embodied in many examples.

硫化镉和硒化镍的晶体结构都为六方晶系，但在以乙二胺为溶剂的溶剂热条件下合成出的产物形貌有很大的差别，我们通过对两类晶体结构的结晶学比较，我们认为4配位的晶体更趋向于生成一维纳米材料，并提出生长方向即为四面体堆积方向，这一假设也能得到许多例子的证实。

In the negative and interrogative forms, of course, this is identical to the non-emphatic forms.

。但是，在否定句或疑问句里，这种带有"do"的方法表达的效果却没有什么强调的意思。

Go down on one's knees;kneel down

屈膝跪下。。。下跪祈祷