化能合成的

To assess the biogeography and biodiversity of chemosynthetic ecosystems it is essential that all the above systems be studied in combination.

确定上述系统动物区系间的进化和生态学关系，对于了解全球尺度上化能合成生态系统物种分布的形成过程至关重要。

By azo compound became chromophore monomer disperse red -19, and through Sulfonyl of the compound was synthesized by the C, and through 1HNMR its structure was characterized, the results show that the synthesis of compounds C of very high purity, synthetic polymers can meet at the request of the monomer, but also of the compound D, through 1HNMR its characterization, showed that high purity compounds D, is expected to be functional after the adoption of To all the excellent performance PEEK electro-optic polymer materials.

本文通过偶氮化合成了生色团单体分散红-19，并通过磺酰化反应合成得到了化合物C，并通过核磁共振氢谱对其结构进行了表征，结果表明，所合成的化合物C的纯度非常高，完全能满足聚合物合成时对单体的要求，同时也合成了化合物D，通过核磁共振氢谱对其结构表征，显示化合物D纯度很高，应有望通过后功能化合成出各种性能优良的聚醚醚酮电光高分子材料。

ChEss is a pilot project within the Census of Marine Life initiative. The main objective of ChEss was to determine the biogeography and biodiversity of deepwater chemosynthetic ecosystems and to understand the processes driving them.

深海化能合成生态系统是当前最大的国际海洋生物多样性研究计划--国际海洋生物普查计划的现场研究项目之一。

A photosynthetic green plant or chemosynthetic bacterium, constituting the first trophic level in a food chain; an autotrophic organism.

生产者，自养有机体构成食物链上的第一级营养层次的可进行光合作用的绿色植物或化能合成的细菌；自养有机体

Chemosynthetic ecosystems include hydrothermal vents, cold seeps, whale fall and other highly reduced ecosystems.

深海化能合成生态系统主要包括热液、冷泉、鲸骨生态系统以及由其他高度还原型生境形成的生态系统。

The nitrifying bacteria are chemosynthetic autotrophs.

硝化细菌是化能合成的自养生物。

In chapter four, the preperation of ytterbium diiodide was examined. The reductive cleavage of Se-Se bond and S-S bond induced by ytterbium diiodide was investigated. The reaction of diselenides and disulfides with allylic bromide promoted by ytterbium diiodide was also examined. The intermolecular Barbier-type reaction induced by ytterbium diiodide was studied. In the last section of this chapter, the intermolecular reductive coupling of nitriles with azides induced by samarium diiodide was investigated.

第四章，研究了二碘化镱的制备方法，以及二碘化镱作为一种优良的单电子转移试剂在有机合成中的应用：二硒醚的Se--Se键和二硫醚S-S键的还原断裂，及其在合成烯丙基硒醚，硒代酯和烯丙基硫醚，硫代酯中的应用，实验结果表明二碘化镱也能促进分子间的Barbier反应，而文献认为二碘化镱不能促进分子间的Barbier反应；最后研究了二碘化钐促进的叠氮化合物与腈的交叉还原偶联反应，一步高收率地制备脒的方法。

The synthesis of sterically hindered peptides containing N-alkylated or 〓disubstituted amino acid residues is being a challenge, which results in difficultcondensation using the usual DCC/HOBt or HOBt-derived coupling reagents.

多肽合成的一个主要难题是富含N-烷基化氨基酸或C〓二烷基化氨基酸的肽链的合成，采用BOP或HBTU等常规缩合剂往往不能得到令人满意的结果。

Two series of polyurethane acrylate grafted acrylic resins (Acr-g-TPU-PETA and Acr-gPPU-PETA) self-emulsifying systems are obtained by grafting -NCO group modified polyurethane acrylates with acrylic copolymer prepared from n-butyl acrylate, styrene,βhydroxyethyl methacrylate and acrylic acid The self-emulsifying systems showed Newtonian fluidity with viscosity closed to that of water, the solid contents were around 30% The T〓 of 15～4℃ for dried film before photocuring favored film formation at room temperature DSC and DMA results showed that PU-PETA is compatible with acrylic resin in the grafted resin The TG and dTG curves for Acr-g-PU-PETA samples were substantially different from the corresponding blends, and the brodened dTG peaks for photocured grafted resin suggest that there might be multiple interactions among chain segments The photocued film of the grafted resins self-emulsifying system exhibited good overall properties with polyurethane acrylate grafts ranging from 30% to 50%, and Acr-g-TPU-PETA series showed better properties than Acr-gPPU-PETA series The adhesion of the photocured film was 1～2 grade, impact strength was 50kg-cm and flexibility was 1mm The Shore hardness and the adhesion of the film decreased markedly if PETA was replaced by HEMA as photoactive group due to the lower C=C double bond content in the grafted resin The polyhydroxy amine-linked thioxanthones photoinitiators can be evenly dispersed in self-emulsifying system without color spot appearing in the dried film The films photocured with IV〓～IV〓 generally exhibited higher Shore hardness, gloss and solventresistance than that cured with Irgacure 2959 and did not induce the rusting of the iron substrate Pigmenting with titanium oxide had no effect on the photocuring The polyhydroxy amine-linked thioxanthone IV〓 and IV〓 can be new candidates for the formulation of titanium oxide pigmented photocurable water-borne coatings for their pale-yellow appearance and slight interference with the color of the coatings WB 4759 with high water-solubility coalesced and separated from the dried resin film, and even induced the rusting of iron substrate.

以丙烯酸丁酯，甲基丙烯酸-β-羟乙酯，丙烯酸及苯乙烯合成厂丙烯酸共聚树脂，并与含-NCO端基的聚氨酯丙烯酸酯接枝反应，经水性化后，得到两个系列（Acr-g-TPU-PETA和Acr-g-PPU-PETA）各5个不同配比的丙烯酸树脂接枝聚氨酯丙烯酸酯自乳化体系，粘度与水相近，为牛顿流体，固含量30％左右。光固化前干燥涂膜的玻璃化转变温度在-15℃～4℃之间，有利于室温下成膜。DSC及DMA谱表明两种树脂基本相容。Acr-g-PU-PETA的热失重行为明显不同于共混材料，接枝样dTG峰明显宽化，表明接枝样中链段之间的相互作刚有多重性，丙烯酸树脂与聚氨酯之间有一定的相容性。接枝树脂自乳化体系光固化涂层的综合性能以聚氨酯丙烯酸酯成分为50％～30％者相对较好，且以Acr-g-TPU-PETA系列更理想。光固化膜的附着力为1～2级，冲击强度为50kg·cm，柔软性多为1mm。以HEMA代替PETA作为接枝树脂的活性基团，碳—碳双键密度太低，光固化膜交联点太少，硬度和附着力均较差。多羟基胺连硫杂蒽酮光引发剂能均匀分散于树脂自乳化体系和接枝树脂干膜中，不出现色斑，光固化膜肖氏硬度一般高于以Irgacure 2959为光引发剂的光固化膜，光泽度及耐丁酮溶剂性能均有所提高，不会诱导铁基生锈，钛白着色对光固化结果几乎没有影响。本论文所合成的多羟基胺连硫杂蒽酮光引发剂IV〓与IV〓为浅黄色，对光固化涂层的颜色干扰较小，为配制钛白着色光固化水性涂料提供了新的光引发剂。水溶性太强的WB 4759在干膜中易聚结析出，且对所附着的铁基有诱导锈蚀作用。

When used in superabrasive grits synthesizing, especially in the case of cubic boron nitride, the consumption of anvils can be decreased effectively; and the quality and yield of CBN can he improved.

在超硬材料合成中，尤其是立方氮化硼合成中，能有效降低锤耗，同时可提高立方氮化硼的合成品质及产量；超硬材料表面镀钛及钛合金后，能实现镀层和结合剂的冶金结合，工具寿命提高30%以上；钛对许多氧化物质和还原物质具有极好的耐腐蚀性，适用于人造金刚石的批量电解提纯工序。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。