化石的

He received rudimentary village schooling but mostly he roamed his uncle's farm collecting the fossils that were so abundant in the rocks of the Cotswold hills.

史密斯只在村里的学校接受了最基本的教育，大部分的时间都是在他叔叔的农场里搜寻化石，这些化石在科茨沃尔德山的岩石里是很常见的。

Georges Cuvier had looked at fossils in rock strata and observed how the ones that lay deeper looked less like familiar animals. But Etienne St. Hilaire observed that all living animals had similar organs and anatomies. To Jean-Baptiste Lamarck this meant that, over time, all animals were changing their form.

乔治·居维叶通过观察岩石层中的化石发现：岩层越深，化石与相类动物的共性就越少；然而艾奇恩那·圣伊莱尔却发现，所有活着的动物都有着相似的器官和身体结构；在让·巴蒂斯特·拉马克看来，这意味着所有动物都随着时间的推移改变着它们的形态。

Cloudina was known as the first animal acquired mineralized skeleton at the terminal Neoproterozoic,but it was not the only exception that could secret minerals. More evidence of diverse skeletal animals came from deposits before the Cambrian"big bang". A relatively diverse tubular microfossil assemblage is described from the Terminal Neoproterozoic Dengying Formation of South Shaanxi, China.

末元古纪以Cloudina为代表的管状动物化石是目前世界上公认最早的具矿化骨骼的生物类群，在世界许多地区都有发现，但它并不是当时唯一的矿化生物类型，更多的动物骨骼化化石证据在寒武纪大爆发之前的沉积物中时有发现。

The Koobi Fora deposits, rich in mammalian, molluscan and other fossil remains, have contributed more to the understanding of paleo-environments than any other site on the continent.

在图尔卡纳湖畔发现的库比·勒化石遗迹中发掘出了许多哺乳动物、体动物和其他动物的化石，它对于研究理解古代自然环境所作的贡献是非洲任何其他地方无法比拟的。

These fossils not only enrich the content of the plant fossil assemblage in the study area but also provide an important paleontological basis for the determination of stratigraphic ages, stratigraph...

这些化石不仅丰富了本区植物化石组合内容，而且对地层时代的确定及与邻区的对比和沉积环境的恢复提供了重要的古生物依据。

Finding such a complete sauropod skeleton is extremely rare, and the new fossil may help scientists piece together the early evolution of the long-necked giants.

保存如此完好的蜥脚类恐龙的骨骼化石非常少见，科学家们希望通过研究这些新发现的化石，来解释这些拥有长长颈部的巨大生物的早期进化秘密。

It indicates that theXiananshan flora belongs to a transitional type from subtropic to tropic vegetation.A close correlation is established between trichome base density of modern L. formosanaand climatic parameters. The trichome base density of fossil L. miosinica is ca. 10 cm~(-2,indicating that the late Miocene climate in Tiantai is similar to that in nowaday Guangzhou.

现生和化石枫香的角质层上都含有表皮毛／毛基，利用不同地区间现生枫香叶片上表皮毛的变化建立毛基密度(个／cm~2)与气候参数的关系，根据化石枫香的毛基密度(约10个／cm~2)指示了天台晚中新世的气候与现在广州相似。

It was suggested that the key topics of the study in NE China include the enforcement of the study of the middlelate Late Pleistocene environmental reconstructions, the understanding of the spatialtemporal and abrupt variations of the climatic changes, the establishment of solid independent chronologies for the MammuthusColelodonta fauna and the main species.

提出加强对我国东北地区晚更新世气候环境的重建、认识气候变化的区域特点和突变性，系统而可靠地建立以猛犸象—披毛犀为主的化石动物年代序列、区分主要类型化石动物年代是研究的关键。

The cladistic analysis showed that the fossil species of Acer much diversified in morphology and may be at different evolutional levels, even some species have evolved into comparative levels with certain extant Acer species.

对其所做的分支分析表明：7个化石种具有形态上的多样性，处于不同的演化水平，某些化石种已经具有与现生槭属相当的进化水平。

"These fossilised nuts are the oldest proof we have for mammals laying in food stores," Martin Sander, a palaeontologist from Bonn university, said.

来自德国波恩大学的古元古代教授，玛丁赡德表示：这些坚果化石也是我们目前掌握的，最古老的会哺乳动物贮藏食物的化石。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。