化石学

Traditional morphological studies have resulted in few solid conclusions regarding the monophyly and systematic position of Myriapoda within Arthropoda; the origin and evolutionary history of Myriapoda are also veiled by the sparsity of the group's fossil record.

基于表型性状的系统学研究中，多足动物亚门在节肢动物门中的系统分类和单系性等问题一直存在争议；化石记录的稀少又使多足动物的起源及演化历史变得迷雾重重。

Correlations of strata can be aided by studying their fossil content, a discipline called biostratigraphy.

地层对比可由研究其中所含化石而得到助益，此一学科即称为生物地层学。

It contains entries dealing with various aspects of extant and fossil American plants and fungi, including systematics and floristics, morphology, and ecology, as well as economic botany and general botany (publications dealing with botanists, herbaria, etc.).

索引条目涉及美国现存的、化石的植物和真菌类的各方面信息，包括系统学、植物区系地理学、形态学和生态学，经济植物学和普通植物学，还涉及植物学家和标本的出版物信息。

Christopher Austin, a herpetologist and curator at Louisiana State University's Museum of Natural Science, called the fossil discovery a "spectacular" find that challenges long-held views about lizard evolution.

Christopher Austin，路易斯安那州大学自然科学博物馆爬虫学专家和馆长，称这个化石发现是"引人入胜的"，此发现挑战有关蜥蜴进化的一个长久观点。

Firstly, based on the observation and description of a large number of drilling cores in macroscopic and microcosmic aspects, facies marks are summarised, which supplied from the characteristics of lithology, distribution of grain size, sedimentary structvure, ichnology and logging facies.

首先，在对大量岩心宏观和微观特征描述的基础上，从岩石学特征、粒度分布特征、沉积构造特征、遗迹化石特征以及测井相特征等五方面，总结出研究区的各类沉积相的相标志，为沉积相的识别和划分提供了有力的依据。

This paper reviews recent advances in myriapod phylogenetics and presents a preliminary phylochronologic scheme of the evolutionary events in early my-riapods with the following observations: 1） Myriapoda might have diverged from its sister group during late Cambrian or earlier.

精确的多足动物亚门谱系发生关系以及谱系年代学细节还有待于进一步综合系统学、多基因和多重化石参照点的合理分析加以深入和完善，进而为早期陆地复杂生态系统的建立提供新的证据。

Sedimentary testate amoebae are very useful in quantitative reconstruction of sea level changes, paleohydrology, and paleoclimate, which are mainly in the studies of paleolimnology and human activities.

有壳变形虫化石在古湖泊学与人类活动、古水文、古温度、第四纪海平面变化的定量重建等方面具有独特而重要的研究价值。

Palynology the study of living and fossil pollen.

孢粉学：指对活的孢粉和孢粉化石进行研究的学科。

It is designed to further the interchange of knowledge and ideas between specialists on different subjects, ranging from the sue of biochemical techniques in herpetological research to electron microscopy, from amphibian and reptilian genetics to the fossil history of the modern amphibians, including systematics and taxonomy as well as behaviour, physiology and ecology.

该杂志的目标是为了使从事不同研究的专家能够交换知识和想法，其内容涉及爬行类研究中从分子技术到电子显微结构水平、从两栖类遗传学到现代爬行类的化石研究的各个方面，同时包括爬行类的系统学、分类学，以及行为学、生理学和生态学等。

Now, anatomy and organic geochemistry are extremely usefulmethods and techniques for fossil taphonomy, molecular taphonomy and quantitativelypalaeoenvironmental reconstruction.

目前，古植物解剖学与有机地球化学不但是研究化石植物埋藏学特征，尤其是分子埋藏学的最先进的两个方法，同时又是古环境定量研究中应用最广泛的两个方法。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。