化学渗透作用的

To master the ultrastructure of mitochondrion;the molecular structure elements of Oxidative Phosphorylation;electron-transport chain;the coupling mechanism of Oxidative Phosphorylation and electron transport;the main content of chemiosmotic coupling hypothesis;the structure and chemical composition of thylakoid;electron transport and photophosphorylation;the mechanism of photophosphorylation;the evidence of endosymbiotic theory.

掌握线粒体的超微结构；氧化磷酸化的分子结构基础；电子传递链；氧化磷酸化作用与电子传递的偶联机制；渗透假说的主要内容；类囊体的结构；类囊体的化学组成；电子传递和光合磷酸化；光合磷酸化的作用机制；内共生起源学说的根据。

It has been found that the enveloping line of the average methane content to coal rank develops in the coalification stages, that the remarkable developments of the maximum average methane content coincide gr...

指出不同煤化作用阶段控气作用的实质在于煤物理结构和化学结构的演化，沉积作用控气的思路对煤储层渗透率非均质性预测具有一定实践意义。

The other taphonomic process is called permineralization that the calcium phosphates enter cells by chemical infiltrating and following mineralize the cell organelles, such as nucleus and chloroplasts to preserve the details of the cell structure.

因此我的实验方法转向第二种机制来设计，即经由非生物性的化学渗透作用进入细胞内，然后因pH值的变化导致溶解度的改变而沈积於细胞内。

On the basis of the comprehensive study and analysis of the literatures concerning the mechanism and properties of CCWC, the substances that can react with anhydrate or hydration products and other supplementary ingredients were selected, and variety of experiments were conducted by means of cross experimental design. The effects of chemical composition and dosage of raw materials, curing condition, and chemical admixtures on waterproofing ability were tested and analyzed.

本文在对水泥基渗透结晶型防水材料的作用机理和应用性能分析研究基础上，选择能与水泥混凝土中未水化水泥及部分水化产物反应的活性物质和其它的辅助成分，利用正交设计方法，研究不同组分对涂料防水性能的影响，并详细分析了原料化学成分、掺量及养护条件等参数的变化对涂料渗透结晶性能的影响，研制成功了一种以硅酸盐水泥为基础的水泥基渗透结晶型防水涂料—GT防水涂料。

An investigation to the microstructure of worn sample of dry vibratable materials for tundish working lining after using 40 hours shows that the materials changes the properties of slag by the chemical filter, increases the viscosity of slag, forms a dense layer at slag/refactories interface, then blocks the more slag penetrate in it. The complex phase formed at the interface, such as magnesiowusite and complex spinel et al, would absorb in more low-melting point minerals, then degrade its melting point and dissolve into slag, which forms low-melting point silicate phase, penetrates into dry vibratable materials along with Monticellite and Merwinite bonding phase by diffusion.

根据使用40小时后的中间包工作层残衬结构分析，其侵蚀机理为：干式料对渗入熔渣产生化学过滤作用，增大熔渣粘度，在干式料/熔渣界面形成致密结构，阻碍熔渣的进一步渗透；随着反应的进行复合矿物中熔剂含量的增多，熔点降低，溶于熔渣形成低熔点的硅酸盐相，并沿着干式料中的钙镁橄榄石和镁蔷薇辉石等结合相向干式料基质中扩散渗透。

The synergistic effect of Cu and Mn is listed as follows:(1) On improving the structure of rust layer, addition of Cu and Mn can reduce cracks and pores in rust layer;(2) On altering the composition of rust, it can increase the amount of Fe3O4 and γ-FeOOH, while decrease that of β-FeOOH;(3) On the chemical state of alloying elements and selectivity of rust layer, it mainly convert the anion selectivity to canoed selectivity;(4) On the electrochemical aspect, it can decrease the anode current density and increase the corrosion potential of steel.

Cu、Mn的协同作用主要体现在以下几个方面：在改善锈层结构方面，主要是减少锈层中的裂纹与孔洞，提高锈层与基体的结合强度；在改变锈层组成方面，增加Fe3O4和γ-FeOOH的含量，降低β-FeOOH的含量；在元素化学状态与离子选择性方面，促使锈层由阴离子选择性转变为阳离子选择性，抑制Cl-的渗透；在电化学方面，大幅度降低阳极电流密度，提高钢基体的自腐蚀电位。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。