化

The optimum reaction conditions were that the molar ratio of maleic anhydride and p-nitroaniline was 1.2:1, the volume ratio of toluene and DMF was 10:1, the amination temperature was 20~30℃ the cyclization temperature was 145~150℃ and the cyclization time was 6 h over; the amount of p-toluene sulfonic acid was 12% of total reactant mass, the amount of copper sulfate was 0.1~0.5% of total reactant mass, the amount of hydroquinol was 0.1% of total reactant mass.

得到的最佳工艺条件是：n：n为1.2：1，V：V为10：1；胺化反应温度为20~30℃，环化反应温度为140~150℃，环化反应时间为6h以上；对甲基苯磺酸用量为反应物总质量的1%~2%；硫酸铜用量为反应物总质量的0.1%~0.5%；对苯二酚用量为反应物总质量的0.1%。

How to measure and analyze the phenomena in property of pump and hydroturbine is one of the most important field in cavitation and erosion research.

影响水泵与水轮机使用寿命与性能的主要问题是空化空蚀现象，在现场监测与分析水泵与水轮机的空化状态是空化空蚀研究的重要领域。

Liquor with uncooked materials is a kind of safe, hygeian and pure new technological liquor.

摘 要：回顾了生料糖化与发酵的研究历程，阐述了淀粉构造，生淀粉糖化机理，生料酒曲组分，生料酿酒和生料酒曲在大、小曲酒、黄酒生产方面的应用方法；以及与己酸菌、酯化酶共酵来提高酒质的技术措施；提出生料酒是一种安全卫生纯净的新工艺白酒。

Hematocrit and blood viscosity at shear rate in 150/s, 30/s, 5/s, 1/s, renal fibrosis serum markers, serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen were detected respectively in sham operation and model group; microcirculation microscope was used to observe the thread of hypoglottis and auricle in rats.

建立单侧输尿管梗阻致大鼠肾间质纤维化模型，观察肾间质纤维化大鼠全血粘度150/s切变率、30/s切变率、5/s切变率、1/s切变率、红细胞压积、舌下及耳廓的脉络变化，同时检测肾纤维化指标、血清肌酐及尿素氮。

Considering the technical requirements,the stability andthe steady performance,the quantitative requirement for sampling frequency is present indiscrete control system.Considering that there is a step delay in discrete control in grid on inverter with a Lfilter,the quantitative relationship between critical FCCR and sampling frequency isanalyzed,and the steady performance is analyzed.Considering the technical requirements,the stability and the steady performance,the quantitative requirement for samplingfrequency is present in discrete control system with a step delay.

在L型并电加热管网中，考虑到离散化控制存在滞后一拍的问题时，本文分析并获得了离散PI控制系统稳定范围时闭环根临界频率fnmax和采样频率fs之间的定量关系；针对存在滞后一拍可能引起系统稳态特性下降的问题，分析了PI控制滞后一拍对频域特性造成的影响，综合考虑并网指标、稳定性要求和离散化对稳态特性影响三个主要因素，推导了存在滞后一拍的离散化PI控制对最低采样频率的量化要求。

Was synthesized from succimide by bromination with bromine,methylation with dimethyl sulfate and the reaction of indolyl magnesium bromide with 2,3-dibromoN-methylmaleimide.

以琥珀酰亚胺为起始原料，经过溴化、甲基化后再与吲哚溴化镁加成反应合成了2-溴-3-(1H-吲哚-3)-N-甲基马来酰亚胺，总收率44.8%，其结构经1H NMR和IR确证。

It indicates that sp3 bonds have been formed between adjacent fullerene molecus via [2+2] cycloaddition reaction, leading to the inequivalent sp2 carbons on C60 cage. The former line has been broadened and has several components due to this inequivalent sp2 carbons.

这表明通过[2+2]加环反应在邻近C60分子之间形成了sp3杂化共价键，使得C60分子球笼上出现了五个位置不等价的sp2杂化碳原子，导致位于145ppm附近的sp2杂化峰展宽。

Methods: By using JSB-1 with intramembranous antigen determinant as antibody, the positive rate as optimization index and MCF-7/A as model cells, cell pretreatment methods, such as the presence or Absence of FACS permeabilizing solution, the concentration of FACS permeabilizing solution, the time treating cells with FACS permeabilizing solution, the time incubating cells with JSB-1 working fluid, the time incubating cells with goat-anti-mouse IgG-FITC solution, and the conditions for keeping JSB-1 working fluid and cell numbers, were optimized.

采用抗原决定簇在细胞膜内的单抗JSB-1，以阳性百分比为优化指标，耐阿霉素人乳腺癌细胞系MCF-7/A为模型细胞，对FACS透化溶液的有无、FACS透化溶液的浓度、FACS透化溶液处理细胞的时间、鼠抗JSB-1抗体的孵育时间、羊抗鼠IgG-FITC抗体的孵育时间、JSB-1抗体工作液的保存条件、以及细胞数量进行优化。

On experimental day , the rats were intratracheally instilled with bleomycin(5mg/kg body weight)or sterile saline, and then treated with the Fluvastain and saline until they were killed .5 rats of every group were executed in 7,14,28,42 day. Immunohistochemistry and Westernblotting were used to measure the expression of TGF-β, ERK_(1/2) p-ERK protein.

本实验利用博莱酶素诱导大鼠肺间质纤维化，以氟伐他汀为代表研究他汀类药物对肺纤维化大鼠模型的干预作用，并通过观察氟伐他汀对ERK信号通路中重要调节酶ERK_(1/2)的表达及活化的影响，探索肺纤维化的信号传导机制，并为临床提供新的治疗思路。

Objectives To study the expressions of STAT1 and PDGF in lung tissue of pulmonary fibrosis model induced by bleomycin in rats, and discuss the possible mechanism.Methods Thirty Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups (15 in each group), they were bleomycin group and control group.①The BLM group was intratracheally instilled with belomycin (5mg/kg);② NS group was intratracheally instilled with saline (5mg/kg).

目的 观察肺纤维化鼠肺组织信号转导和转录活化因子1（STAT1）和血小板源性生长因子表达的变化，探讨其在肺纤维化的作用机制方法 30只Wistar大鼠随机分博莱霉素组和对照组，①BLM组：气管内灌注BLM（5mg/kg）诱导肺纤维化；②NS组：气管内灌注NS。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。