包囊细胞

It is proved that cyst wall undergo the process of becoming thinner and thinner and break at last, the ciliatures grow gradually from the position of kinetosomes and adoral zone of membranelle is formed during the resting cysts differentiation .

在此基础上，本实验证实，在休眠细胞解脱过程中，包囊壁经历了一个逐渐变薄并最终断裂的过程，纤毛杆从残留的毛基体位置逐渐长出，口围带在休眠细胞解脱的后期形成。

In some cases there is severe angitis and fibrinoid necrosis of the vascular wall with perivascular cuffing by lymphocytes and plasma cells. Trophozoites and cysts were found within the perivascular space.

有的病例可见显著的血管炎，病变血管壁可见纤维素样坏死，血管周围可见淋巴细胞和浆细胞呈套袖样浸润及棘阿米巴滋养体和包囊。

It is common for almost all protozoans to encystment under certain conditions. Compared with some high life-forms, the phenomena of encystment in protozoa is a more ascendant survival strategy in certain meaning since it can reduce the cost of adaptation.

对几乎所有的原生动物细胞而言，在一定条件下形成包囊是一种普遍的现象，它可在一定程度上降低了生存代价，是一种从某种意义上讲比某些高等生物更具优越性的生存策略。

This paper reviewed the research progresses about the cysts, especially the resting cysts of protozoans, mainly focused on the characteristics of morphologies, structures, constituents, and living activities, as well as molecular mechanism and significance of encystment for the protozoans, also, cell behavior during encystment and excystment was involved based on the references reported.

以国内外文献报道为依据，综述了原生动物包囊，特别是休眠包囊的研究进展情况，主要集中在包囊的形态、结构、组成、生命活动特征、包囊形成的分子作用机理和意义，以及包囊形成与解脱过程中细胞行为上的研究等方面。

During encystment, organelles displaying characteristics of autophagic vacuole appear in the cytoplasm of the cortex and part of ciliate structures and other cell components are digested by these organelles.

以营养期纤毛虫、人工诱导形成包囊和脱包囊的纤毛虫以及纤毛虫休眠包囊为材料，研究形成NKR包囊的纤毛虫在不同生理状态下细胞亚显微结构的分化。

A large scope differentiation and a local differentiation occurred during the course of encystment in Tachysoma pellionella and in Euplotes encysticus respectively.

急纤虫形成毛基体吸收型包囊时，细胞结构发生了大范围的脱分化过程。

In resting cysts, the microtubules under the pellicle, cortical ciliatures, conjunctions between cilia basal bodies, supporting structure of basal bodies and other microtubule structures are absorbed in different extent; microtubule-like assemble bodies appear at the center of the remained cilia basal bodies; the granules of chromatin and nucleolus in macronucleus become smaller whereas nucleus pores of the micronucleus become bigger; the inner membrane of some nucleus pores are attached with chromatin.

结果表明：纤毛虫形成包囊过程中，皮层细胞质中产生具有自噬泡消化特征的细胞器，将部分纤毛结构等逐步消化；休眠包囊中，表膜下微管、皮层纤毛器和纤毛基体间连接、基体托架及其他微管结构不同程度地被吸收、在残剩纤毛基体的中央形成微管形结构聚合体，大核染色质和核仁颗粒变小，核孔增大，并发生染色质附着于核孔内膜的现象；细胞脱包囊期间，皮层细胞骨架、线粒体等经历了在残剩结构基础上的再分化。

After selective extraction, the cyst wall of two kind of resting cysts displayed a filament network. In the resting cysts of Tachysoma pellionella and Euplotes encysticus, the filament was located in mesocyst and endocyst respectively. On the other hand, a special filament scaffold region was observed below the cyst wall in two kind of cysts. Compared with the true IF which was located in central part of cyst, the filament of this region was net as well as uniform, and no any cytoplasm residue can be seen in this region. In the resting cyst of Euplotes encysticus, a filamental boundry which partitioned the special filament scaffold region and the true IF region was observed.

两类休眠包囊的包囊壁经生化分级抽提后均显示纤维结构，急纤虫休眠包囊中纤维定位于中间层，包囊游仆虫休眠包囊中纤维定位于内层壁；其次，在两类休眠包囊的包囊壁下，相当于细胞质表质层的位置，均有一个特殊的纤维网络区，与细胞质深层的网络区相比，此部分的纤维纯净、均匀，未见附着细胞器及细胞质残留物，在包囊游仆虫休眠包囊中此纤维网络区与真正的细胞质纤维网络之间由纤维构成的界膜隔开。

The macronuclear and mitochondria DNA between the resting and the vegetative cell of Euplotes encysticus were comparatively analyzed by using RAPD technique in order to explore the acting feature of two genetic systems in the resting cell of ciliates.

为了探索纤毛虫休眠细胞中两套遗传系统的作用特征，对包囊游仆虫休眠细胞与营养细胞大核DNA和线粒体DNA进行了RAPD比较。

The former formed a kind of KR cyst, while the later formed a kind of NKR cyst. All the kinetosomes, ciliary shafts and microtubules were resorbed in the former, meanwhile, the cell lost most water and cell volume decreased distinctly. In the later, only part of kinetosomes and part of microtubules were resorbed. Cell lost water slightly and volume decreased slightly.

期间，细胞吸收了全部的毛基体、纤毛杆和微管结构，伴随着细胞剧烈的失水浓缩，细胞体积显著缩小；游仆虫在形成毛基体非吸收型包囊时，细胞仅经历了部分的脱分化过程，期间，细胞仅吸收了部分的毛基体及部分微管结构，并且细胞仅发生了轻微的脱水和浓缩，细胞以折叠的形式容纳在包囊壁内。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。