劳动市场

This paper utilizes Constant Elasticity of Substitution Production Functions to study the effects of public investment on employment.

本文在分析CES生产函数过程中引入劳动力市场，探讨了公共投资与就业的联系。本文认为，公共投资是通过劳动工资弹性来影响就业的。

Firstly,the paper introduces some related concepts of employment and exchange rate,focused on the difference between the nominal and real exchange rates,price index that impacts the calculation of real effective exchange rate,characteristics of the labor market and the present situation and major issues of labor-intensive industries in China,and reviews the academic study of the relationship between the change of exchange rate and employment and explains the research characteristics of this paper.

本文首先对与汇率和就业的相关概念进行解析，重点讨论了名义汇率与实际汇率的区别、影响实际有效汇率计算的价格指数、劳动力市场的特征及劳动密集型产业在我国存在的现状及主要问题，回顾了学术界研究汇率变动与就业关系的相关成果，阐述了本文的研究特色。

Firstly,the paper introduces some related concepts of employment and exchange rate,focused on the difference between the nominal and real exchange rates,price index that impacts the calculation of real effective exchange rate,characteristics of the labor market and the ...

本文首先对与汇率和就业的相关概念进行解析，重点讨论了名义汇率与实际汇率的区别、影响实际有效汇率计算的价格指数、劳动力市场的特征及劳动密集型产业在我国存在的现状及主要问题，回顾了学术界研究汇率变动与就业关系的相关成果，阐述了本文的研究特色。

Gross National Product. The market value of goods and services produced by labor and property supplied by US residents, regardless of where they are located.

国民生产总值的市场价值的商品和服务所产生的劳动和财产提供的美国居民，不论在何处，他们的位置。

Hodgson. In our view, Marx's labour theory of value is not irrelevant as claimed by Hodgson to the main topics of evolutionary economics such as diversity and 'natural selection'.

在结论里，针对斯蒂德曼的批评，我们提出：生产的标准技术条件与市场价值之间的关系，并不像他所理解的那样具有单向的、决定论的性质；劳动价值论在马克思的经济学中被用来揭示资本主义再生产的目的和手段，条件和结果之间的不确定的联系。

Beijing recently started several training programs for lighting designers, and CIES(China Illuminating Engineering Society) received authorization from the Ministry of Labour and Social Security to certify lighting designers in China.

遇到这种问题我的回答是：我没有级别证书客户往往对这个回答是很满意的从客户的角度来讲，是可以理解的市场发展如此之快，案工期如此紧张，人们没有多余的时间去考察和评估你的案绩及各种背景只好按照过去建筑行老祖宗留来的方式确定你是否合格就是你有没有资格证书照明设计行在中国实际存在了几年后的今天，北京最近开始了些对照明设计师的培训工作有年的，也有短期的据说明年中国国家劳动和社会保障部授权中国照明学会开展中国照明设计师的资质确认颁发证书工作听到了这个消息，方面觉得行可能希望对从人员的素质进行个提高另外方面觉得，照明设计在中国发展的历史太短，究竟有多少人员能够取得次资格证书呢？

The work hour elasticity to wage rate of female and male is -0.3237 and -0.3167 respectively in low income group and the work hour elasticity to wage rate of female is 0.1429 in middle and high income group, so there is inverse S curve in 2002 China's urban labor market.

低收入群体女性和男性工作时间的工资弹性分别为-0.3237和-0.3167，而女性中高收入群体工作时间的工资弹性为0.1429，说明倒S型劳动供给曲线在2002年中国城镇劳动力市场是存在的。

Hospitality is a labor intensive industry, employee is the basis for hotel to survive. Any hotel, which wants to be competitive in the hospitality industry, has to own a steady service people and power management team.

酒店业是劳动密集型产业，员工是酒店生存的基础，任何酒店要想在激烈的市场竞争中站稳脚跟，必须拥有一支稳定的服务队伍和强大的领导力量。

Due to there are shortage of skills labour in Europe and many young Australian are working over there, it will be bigger workforce market and more opportunity for skills people.

由于有缺乏劳动技能，在欧洲，和许多年轻的澳大利亚正那边，这将更大的劳动力市场和更多的机会，技巧的人。

China's export still focuses on labour-intensive products, which are easily affected by international markets.

中国的出口仍然集中在劳动密集型产品上，容易受国际市场的影响。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。