劳动市场

The protective policy of labor market and the wage rigidity are the key factors of the concomitance of full employment and structural unemployment.

劳动市场上的保护政策以及工资刚性是充分就业与结构性失业并存的主要原因。

My thesis is structured into two independent projects: one is to discuss the effects of outsourcing on unemployment and changes in relative wages, and the other focuses on the issue of whether outsourcing leads to Taiwan deindustrialization.

委外代工带来了二个值得探讨的议题：第一是委外代工对劳动市场的影响，包括失业问题和相对薪资的变化；第二，委外代工和经济边缘化问题之间存在尚未澄清的关联，例如委外代工是不是会导致台湾经济边缘化、产业空洞化？因此，本论文分成两大独立的结构分别讨论上述问题。

There was a significant deterioration in the labor market.

这是明显的劳动市场的恶化。

What is the role of the country in labor market exclusion?

国家在劳动市场排除中的角色？

China and Korea are neighbours bordered in Yellow sea, both located in Asia economic zone. The economic cooperation and labour exchange are booming. The total trade up to 5800 billon $ in 2003, including 3570 billion $ import from Korea to China. China became the largest export market of Korea; 88% the surplus of trade of Korea owing to China; both China and Korea belongs to eastern cultural background which is similar. There are many things can be learn each other, in spite of different languages.

中韩两国是隔海相望的近邻，同属亚洲经济圈，经济贸易合作、劳动市场交流前景广泛。2003年，中韩两国贸易额为580亿美元，其中韩国对中国出口357亿美元，中国已经成为韩国商品的最大进口国；韩国对外贸易顺差的88％来自中国；中国也是韩国最大的对外直接投资国之一；中韩两国同属于东方文化圈，有着共同的历史文化背景。

About the academic research of industrial group, there are two more influential learned men on international, one is 19 centuries distinguished economist Alfred Marshall, he is in its " economics principle " studied location specializations in composing the phenomenon that the industry centers, he shares labor market, specialization 3 the excessive outside the creation of accessary industry and technology is regarded is industrial concentration decisive factors.

关于产业集群的理论研究，国际上有两位较有影响的学者，一位是19世纪闻名经济学家阿尔弗雷德·马歇尔，他在其《经济学原理》著作中研究了特定区域专业化产业集中的现象，他把劳动市场共享、专业化附属行业的创造和技术外溢看作是产业集中的三个要害性因素。

There is a growing number of economists who believe today brutally tough labor market is not a temporary American oddity.

越来越多的经济学家认为，当今不景气的劳动市场并非暂时出现在美国的奇怪现象。

Although women are entering the paid labour force in ever-increasing numbers, their progression to the ranks of senior management is still often blocked by an invisible, rarely penetrable barrier - the "glass ceiling".

虽然越来越多的女性正在大规模的进入有偿劳动市场，但她们在成为高级管理人员的过程中，始终会碰到一种无形的、很难被穿透的"玻璃天花板"壁垒。

The unemployment reduction policies essentially consisted of encouraging certain groups to withdraw from the labour market, on the one hand by means of retirement or early retirement measures for older workers and by raising the school-leaving age for young people and, on the other hand, through job-sharing schemes and shorter working hours, especially through the wider spread of part-time work.

减少失业的政策主要包括鼓励某些集团退出劳动市场，在一方面透过退休或提前退休的措施，年长的工人以及提高离校年龄的年轻人，而在另一方面，通过分摊工作计划和工作时间较短，特别是通过广泛的兼职工作。

This course reviews stylized facts in labor markets and tries to use theories to explain these facts.

本课程著重理论与实务的讨论，先回顾劳动市场的现象，再试图以理论来解释。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。