劳动力

Even if the same technology is investigated in different angle, its function on assimilating workforce may be different either.

外商独资经营比重的上升在一定程度上影响了其吸纳劳动力能力的相对提高。4、在总体上，外商直接投资所带来的技术进步对我国就业的作用是两面的，不同类型的技术对劳动力的吸纳作用是不同的；在不同的范围和视角考察同样的技术，其对劳动力就业的作用可能也是不同的。

The balanced labor force price is a category of complete free market, and is an outcome of complete competition between labor force supply and demand.

劳动力均衡价格是完全自由市场经济的范畴，是劳动力供给与劳动力需求完全自由竞争的产物。

Our country is traditional agricultural big country, develop contemporary agriculture, be faced with power of much rural surplus labor to stop on one hand in cultivate course of study, traditional agriculture to cannot free oneself, agricultural modernization cannot come true, the situation; that farmer standard of living raises hard quality of agricultural labour force is general on the other hand not tall, a large number of knowledge administrative levels in the country transfer blame farming property relative to taller labour force, contemporary agriculture development is facing bigger dilemma again.

我国是传统的农业大国，发展现代农业，一方面面临着大量的农村剩余劳动力滞留在种植业、传统农业不能解脱，农业现代化不能实现，农民生活水平难以提高的局面；另一方面农业劳动力素质普遍不高，农村中大量知识层次相对较高的劳动力转移到非农产业，现代农业发展又面临着更大困境。

The precondition and key point to solve the problems occurred in the labor market in the Yangtze River Delta is to repair the adjustment function of the market system, that is the competition system, the price system, the supply and demand system and etc., to the labor market, clamp down those census registration administration system and relative labor system which have a character of discriminational color and identity difference, dredge the labor force circulation channel, eliminate the systematic system caused by the segmentation of the labor market step by step and set up an unified and more flexible labor market.

解决长三角经济区劳动力市场诸问题的前提和关键是修复市场机制，即竞争机制、价格机制、供求机制等，对劳动力市场的调节功能，取缔带有歧视色彩和以身份甄别为特征的户籍管理和相关的劳动制度，疏通劳动力流通渠道，逐步消除劳动力市场分割的体制性障碍，建立一个统一的，更富有弹性的劳动力市场。

The first way is to solve the transfer problem locally; the second is to make rural areas townlike; the last is to move the surplus labors to big cities. In fact, the first and last ways are impossible to operate, so to solve the surplus problem by building small towns becomes the only choice.

而要想通过就地转移的方式来大量转移农村剩余劳动力，现在看来不可能，将来也不可能；向大中城市大量转移农村剩余劳动力的原始积累已基本完成，由于目前城市的发展也出现较多问题，使其吸纳农村剩余劳动力的能力大大降低，所以，要想使其再大量吸纳农村剩余劳动力，现在估计很困难，但将来有可能，因此，通过农村城镇化，向小城镇转移是现阶段的必然选择。

In terms of history, 30 years' accumulation of rural labor force has laid the foundation for today's flow since 1949; in terms of reality, besides the seriously surplus labor in countryside, the household contract responsibility system shows the contradiction between a large population and limited land. To summarize, the city's economic reform uproots what hampers the rural labor flow; the mushroom of township enterprises and city's development requires the flow; the enormous income gap between rural and urban areas and between agriculture and work in cities propels it.

现实因素则极其复杂，家庭联产承包责任制的实行凸现了人多地少的矛盾和劳动力的严重过剩问题，城市经济体制的改革为农村劳动力的流动扫除了主要障碍，乡镇企业的兴起以及城市的发展必然需要农村劳动力的流动，城乡收入以及打工与务农收入的巨大反差驱动着农村劳动力的流动。

According to the differential explanations on the incentives or decisions of labor migration,this paper categorizes the abroad literatures into three kinds: traditional theory of labor migration(includes Lewis Model,Ranis and Fei's Model,Todaro Model),human capital theory of labor migration,and new theory of labor migration.

依据分析问题的假设条件和对迁移决策的解释，可以把国外关于劳动力迁移的文献分为三类，即传统的劳动力迁移理论(包括刘易斯模型，拉尼斯-费景汉模型，托达罗模型)、人力资本劳动力迁移理论和新劳动力迁移理论。

Wage determination system is the core of labor market. Analyzing wage determination system is the basis of understanding labor market and economic function. There are significant to understanding wage reform through analyzing human capital returning rate in segmented labor market and it is important to know about the change of wage determination system in the course of reform.

根据劳动力市场理论，工资决定机制是劳动力市场运行的核心组成部分，理解工资决定机制是理解劳动力市场，进而理解经济运行的基础，而考察人力资本在分割的劳动力市场中的回报率对于理解工资改革有着重要的意义，认识改革过程中工资决定机制的变化也是一个非常重要的问题。

Furthermore, reproduction cost of labor, investment on human capital and expenditure of bearing child are unified in the paper, so there is connection amongworth of labor, human capital and rate of bearing.

除此之外，我们将劳动力再生产成本、儿童人力资本投资与孩子抚养费用三者统一起来进行研究，在考察再生产劳动力的成本时，除了分析它对生育率的影响之外，还使其与劳动力的价格和人力资本的积累相联系，并以劳动力成本为核心，在劳动力价值、人力资本和生育率三者之间建立了一联系，以求得在思路上有所创新。

We study the change of the gross and structure of cost in detail, and find their developing trend. Furthermore, reproduction cost of labor, investment on human capital and expenditure of bearing child are unified in the paper, so there is connection amongworth of labor, human capital and rate of bearing. The kernel of them is reproduction cost of labor. These are the innovations of the paper.

除此之外，我们将劳动力再生产成本、儿童人力资本投资与孩子抚养费用三者统一起来进行研究，在考察再生产劳动力的成本时，除了分析它对生育率的影响之外，还使其与劳动力的价格和人力资本的积累相联系，并以劳动力成本为核心，在劳动力价值、人力资本和生育率三者之间建立了一联系，以求得在思路上有所创新。

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失