动量的

Besides the previous research finding, the ideal gas equation and ideal gas, fluid dynamics and thermal dynamics were also included in the derivation of the equation of state of the detonation Wave.

目前国内可量测爆震波速度的仪器并不普遍，因此爆震波速度值得之不易，想利用爆震波速度来探讨爆破震动的特性更是难上加难，本文将依据理想气体方程式、流体动力学、热力学、理想气体多变定律和相关的经验公式，结合冲击波和爆震波传递时质量、能量和动量守恒的理论，推导爆震波的状态方程式，并藉由爆震波的状态方程式了解爆震波的特性及其应用。

A dynamic process occurring in an isolated system at rest in the frame S was verified in the frame S' moving relative to the frame S, whether at the same instant of the frame S or at the same instant of the fame S', neither of the dynamic results satisfied the requirement of the law of conservation of momentum.

对于一个在S参照系中静止的孤立体系发生的动力学过程，在与S参照系相对运动的S'参照系中检验时，无论是在S参照系中的同一时刻，还是在S'参照系中的同一时刻，这个过程的动力学结果都不满足动量守恒定律的要求。

And the conservation laws of moment and momentum are obtained by the combining the tiny element analysis method in continua mechanics with variation principle in analytical mechanics.

论文摘要：本文在建立时变边界挠性体的动力学方程时，将并入的质量对挠性体的作用当作时变边界上的表面力，并将连续介质力学中的微元分析法和分析力学中的变分原理相结合，导出了时变边界的变质量刚体的动量和动量矩矩方程。

We calculate the energy-momentum pseudo-tensor of relic gravitational wave of both the polarized states by Riazuelo-Uzan expression of the energy-momentum pseudo tensor in the Cartesian coordinates, we can see that energy density and momentum densities of relic GWs are dependent on cosmic scale factor and square of the amplitudes,. At the same time, the energy density of relic GWs is positive definite, the momentum densities components have reasonable physical behavior,and their values are independent on the directions.

我们还用Riazuelo-Uzan表述在直角坐标系下对双极化态的遗迹引力波的能量动量赝张量进行计算，发现双极化态的遗迹引力波的能量张量密度与他们的振幅的平方和宇宙学尺度因子有关，他们的能量密度是正定的，大小跟传播方向无关，即遗迹引力波在宇宙学尺度上是各项均匀同性的。

In this paper, the maximum likelihood algorithm with process and measurement noise for nonlinear continuous-discrete system given by Jategaonkar and Plaetschke is improved in two aspects: 1 to avoid the disadvantages of sensitivities computation by common finite-difference method, in which the perturbation sizes should be selected optionally, an improved finite-difference method with best perturbations, is presented. 2 to improve the numerical stability of Jategaonkar's algorithm, maximum likelihood algorithm with fast triangular square-root decomposition filter is given.

摘要对Jategaonkar等人给出的同时计及过程及观测噪声的非线性连续-离散系统的极大似然算法从两个方面进行了改进：1给出了计算灵敏度的最佳摄动有限差分算法，避免了普通有限差分法计算灵敏度矩阵时需人为选择参数摄动量大小而带来的缺点；2给出了具有快速三角化平方根滤波的极大似然算法，提高了原算法的数值稳定性。

Based on Prandtl's momentum transportation, this paper calculates in detail the physical quantities such as eddy viscosities, and ratio of eddy viscosity to motion viscosity, total stresses with respect to relative position in three regions of viscous sub-layer, buffer layer, and main turbulent stream for non-Newtonian fluid flowing turbulently in ducts, which according to Karman's three layer models and measurement of fluid parameters in evaluation apparatus, discusses the influence of polymer drag reduction on flowing properties of non-Newton fluid, analyzes quantitatively principle of turbulent reduction phenomenon and condition of increasing reduction rate.

摘要以普兰德动量传递理论为基础，按照卡门的三层模型，通过室内模拟环道用0号柴油及加入减阻剂在圆管内的流动参数的测定，计算了非牛顿型流体管内湍流边界层的层流内层、过渡层、湍流中心的涡流粘度，涡流粘度与运动粘度比、总应力随相对位置的变化等定量参数，探讨了高分子减阻剂对非牛顿流体流动特性的影响，对湍流减阻现象的机理与增大减阻率的条件进行了定量分析。

The main characteristics include: the quiet Sun corona has a rapid response to the flare heating, within 2 second the corona temperature increases nearly one order of magnitude, but later such increase becomes very slowly; the downward velocity at early stage of impulsive phase is too small to be negnected; chromospheric evaporation made by conduction shows some intensely, the maximum evaporated velocity may be as large as 1000 km/s; the chromospheric condensation appears just when the chromospheric evaporation takes place and its place always coincide with that of transition region in the early stage; the maximum of chromospheric condensation occurs also in the early stage of impulsive phase, at which the density in condensation may be larger two order of magnitude than that of surround and the downward velocity may be as large as 100 km/s; after the maximum of chromospheric condensation, its strongth decreases gradually but its width becomes greater with time and have a tendency to transport into deep chromosphere; the front of chromospheric condensation heats atmosphere obviously and the temperature in the chromospheric condensation is higher than the original case; the downware velocity of transition region may be greater than 100 km/s at the early stage; when the evaporated material collide at the top of loop, the densityand the presure there increase rapidly, which result in the formation of a shock wave; and so on.

在改善色球辐射损失和精确分辨过渡区的基础上，通过联立求解连续性方程、动量方程和能量方程，构造了一维磁限制性耀斑环在热沉积作用下的大气动力学模型，获得了耀斑热模型下脉冲相早期较为细致的大气演化理论图象，其主要特征是：耀斑对宁静日冕的加热相当迅速，仅2秒钟日冕温度增加即达一个量级，之后日冕温度增加缓慢；脉冲相早期日冕向下速度很小，几乎可以忽略，热传导驱动色球蒸发，其过程较为激烈，蒸发极大速度可达到1000km/s；色球压缩区与色球蒸发几乎同时形成，且在早期其位置总是与过渡区位置重合；色球压缩极大发生在脉冲相早期，其时密度可高于周围约2个量级，向下速度可超过100km/s；色球压缩极大后，其强度逐渐减弱，但宽度明显增大，且渐渐脱离过渡区往色球传播；压缩区内物质温度要高于原先的大气温度；过渡区下降在脉冲相早期相当迅速，可超过100km/s；当蒸发物质在环顶高速相碰时，环顶的密度、压力迅速增大，且温度也有所增加，导致形成激波，其波面以每秒上百公里的速度自环顶向下传播；在脉冲相前期，日冕软x辐射对色球的加热作用可以忽略；等。

We show that there exists the precise EPR entanglement involved in the eigen-states of the coordinates and the corresponding canonical momenta of a massivecharged particle moving in a uniform magnetic field,which is a novel fact unno-ticed before.

对均匀磁场中的一个带有质量的荷电粒子，我们论证了它的坐标及相应的正则动量本征态中所包含的明确的EPR纠缠。这是以前没有注意到的一个新奇的事实。

In this work the unhomogeneity of microstructure in product strips has been studied, and the methods to control grain size with the hot rolling technological parameters are given. The capacity to control the property unhomogeneity of hot strips has been greatly improved after using the methods. According the statistics of production, the the property unhomogeneity over 99% strips is less than 80 MPa in a batch of coils, and less than 40MPa in a coil.

8对大量实际生产带钢组织和性能的不均匀性进行了研究，提出了通过调整热轧工艺参数来进行晶粒尺寸均匀度控制的的具体措施，实际生产采取该控制手段后，使宝钢对管线钢性能波动的控制水平得到大幅度的提高；强度波动由管线钢生产初期的批量内150～200MPa，卷内100MPa提高到批量内00MPa，卷内0MPa，可按合同交货；大生产实际水平为：99％产品的强度波动量达到批量内0MPa，卷内0MPa。

Integrated analysis of 7 times heavy rain in Yunnan from July 19 to August 2 based on actual observation weather datum and satellite cloud atlas and Doppler radar image. The results show that: high-low southwest jet stream is important effect system. The maintenance of southwest jet stream provides water vapor, momentum, fast transfer of unstable energy for the lasting heavy rain. The further configuration of plateau shear line and southwest jet stream is necessarily condition about 7 times heavy rain. The lasting heavy rain appeared on big value region of 500hPa vapour flux and vapour flux divergence. The shear cloud band and subtropical high cloud band crossed and confluenced in Yunnan on the satellite cloud atlas. The maintenance and intensification of shear cloud hand and periphery cloud band of subtropical high correspond quite well to heavy rain falling region and cloud band distribution.

应用实测气象资料，结合卫星云图与多普勒雷达图像分析，对2007年7月19日到8月2日云南少有的7次强降水过程进行综合分析，结果表明：高低空的西南急流是重要的影响系统，西南急流的维持为持续性强降水过程提供了水汽、动量和不稳定能量的快速传递，高原切变线与西南急流的有利配置，是7次持续性强降水过程必不可少的条件；持续性强降水出现在500hPa水汽通量大值区和水汽通量散度辐合区；卫星云图上切变云带和副高外围云带在云南汇合，切变云带和副高外围云带维持、加强的过程与强降水落区的时空分布对应较好。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。