动脉钙化

Vascular calcification and atherosclerosis in hemodialysis patients: what can we learn from the routine clinical practice?

血液透析患者中的血管钙化和动脉粥样硬化：我们能从常规的临床实践中学到什么？

Zhao Lan said that in addition to do B-inspection show that the placenta calcification (select an experienced doctor, that depends on very careful look at), the amniotic fluid depends on the amount of umbilical blood flow color Doppler ultrasound to see whether the rate of normal fetal heart rate monitoring, checking urine estriol and creatinine ratio, and examine the vaginal walls of exfoliated cells, etc., can the placenta reaction conditions must be diagnosed after a comprehensive consideration.

赵先兰说，除了做B超检查看胎盘钙化点(选有经验的医生看，还要看得认真仔细)以外，还要看羊水多少，彩超看脐动脉血流速度是否正常，胎心监测，尿检查雌三醇和肌酐比值，查阴道壁上脱落细胞等等，都能反应胎盘状况，必须综合考量后确诊。

ResultsFour cases are huge mass of solid oval with integrity of coat and smooth, clear edge; they grow at the right middle or right posterior inferior mediastinum, along the spine, no expansion of intervertebral foramen and down to enter into crura of diaphragm; their density are less uniform, in two masses with a sand calcification image. In plain scanning, the CT values is 23~33Hu; in dynamic state enhancement scanning of 4 cases the mass are not enhanced or not obviously strengthened at arterial phase, and have a linear strengthen at venous phase.

结果4例均为巨大实性椭圆形肿块，肿块包膜均完整，边缘光滑清晰；4例肿块分别位于右后中下和右后下纵隔，均沿脊柱生长，无椎间孔扩大，向下伸入膈脚后；4例肿块密度均欠均匀，2例肿块伴有一砂粒状钙化影，平扫时CT值为23～33 Hu；动态增强扫描时动脉期4例肿块均呈无强化或强化不明显，静脉期4例肿块内均见有一条线形强化。

The proximal forearm antecubital fistula described by Gracz is a aluable option for autogenous ascular access for hemodialysis in patients with destroyed forearm eins or adanced arteriosclerotic and calcified radial arteries.

背景：由Gracz描述的临近前臂的肘前血管，对前臂静脉损坏或者进展期动脉粥样硬化和桡动脉钙化的血液透析患者而言，是有价值的选择自身性血管通路。

The EBCTA can provide some information about the morphology of carotid stenosis, such as calcific plaque and ulceration.

4EBCTA能够提供狭窄颈动脉的钙化斑块、溃疡等影像学信息。

Calcified plaque itself is not considered risky, but it is associated with the development of atherosclerosis, or the presence of less stable, fatty deposits in the blood vessels that can lead to heart attack and stroke.

钙化斑块本身是没有考虑到风险，但它是与发展的动脉粥样硬化，或存在不足稳定，不饱和脂肪酸的存款血管，可导致心脏病发作和中风。

Poor metabolic labs, especially high blood sugar, along with smoking, high BMI, and high blood pressure, put young adults at risk for calcified arteries.

穷人代谢实验室，特别是高血糖，随着吸烟，高体重指数，血压高的压力下，把年轻人的风险钙化的动脉。

We used generalized estimating equations to estimate odds ratios for the presence of CAC across quintiles of linolenic acid.

我们用无显著特点的评价方程评价了相对于亚麻酸的五分位点的冠状动脉中钙化的动脉粥样硬化斑块存在的比率。

By non-enhancement scan, 12 cases showed low density mass, 4 cases equal density mass, 1 case slightly high density mass, and 2 cases stippled calcification mass. By enhancement scan, 13 cases showed inhomogenous enhancement in cortical phase, 2 cases showed slight to moderate enhancement. Another 2 cases of small cystic RCC presented enhancement of wall with nodules and the partition. The enhancement of all tumor cases faded away in the following parenchymal phase and pyelographic phase, demonstrating some degrees of "fast washing out" phenomenon; 4 cases presented with pseudocapsule. The reconstruction of 17 "MPR/MIP" and 9 "VR" showed clearly the relations of kidney vessels, tumors and neighbor tissues and accessory renal arteries were founded in 2 cases.

结果：17例中小实性肾癌15例，小囊性肾癌2例；CT平扫呈低密度12例，等密度4例，稍高密度1例，伴有斑点状钙化2例；增强扫描皮质期13例呈不均匀明显强化，2例呈轻中度强化，另2例小囊性肾癌的囊壁、壁结节及囊内分隔明显强化；实质期、肾盂期扫描所有肿瘤强化均迅速减退，呈&快进快退&改变；4例可见假包膜。17例MPR/MIP、9例VR重建均能清楚显示肾血管、肿瘤与邻近组织的关系，并发现副肾动脉2例。

Objective To investigate the relationship between coronary artery calcification score and stenotic extent by spiral computed tomography and the degree of carotid atherosclerosis.

目的 探讨螺旋CT冠状动脉钙化积分与颈动脉超声在预测冠状动脉狭窄中的价值。

The reasons of iron ions content overproof in grade Ⅱ desalting water system,such as variation water quality,contamination of regenerant , operation adjustment of pretreatment system and switching operation of bed were discussed.

对二级脱盐水系统中铁离子含量超标的原因，如来水水质发生波动、再生剂受到污染、预处理系统操作调整、床体运行切换等进行了论述。

You were hired to drum up new business, so go and do it.

公司雇你招徕新业务，你就做你的事好了。