动脉外膜

Combined transfer of the galea aponeurotica and temporal fascia was used to repair severe infra-orbital soft tissue depression and ectropion of lower lid in 6 cases.

经过对颞区解剖分析，采用带颞浅动脉顶支的帽状腱膜、颞膜轴型瓣加游离植皮的方法，修复眶下组织重度凹陷及下睑外翻6例。

Objective:To investigate the effect of automatic control narcosis in epidural block after normothermia patent ducts arteriosus ligature in congenital heart disease.

目的 ：观察先天性心脏病—动脉导管未闭患儿在常温下行结扎术术后硬膜外自控镇痛的疗效。

We sutureed the fascia and muscle in front of the vertebral tansverse process and got the result of aneurysm outpocketing. Another case was an injury of the internal jugular vein (0.3cm near the skull fundus) with shock, we pressed the distal internal jugular vein with a conglomeration of gelatin songe.

其一为椎动脉在第二颈椎左侧横突处的损伤并伴假性动脉瘤，缝合横突前方残余颈长肌及筋膜，达到与动脉瘤外包裹术相同的效果；另1例为颈内静脉出颅处的不全离断伴休克，远心端在不能结扎和缝合止血的情况下，用明胶海棉揉成团块填塞、压迫，止血疗效肯定。

The blood supply of cerebrum （60%） is mainly provided by the middle and rostral cerebral arteries which arise from the internal carotid.

上述血管的分支于大脑垂体周围和枕骨基底部分别形成前、后硬膜外异网和大脑动脉环。

ConclusionsRupture or disspearence of internal elastic layer, soakage of inflammation cell, different stage of atherosclerosis, apoptosis of SMC and changes of ECM, and so on are the pathological and morphological base of the occurrence and development of ISA.

内弹力层的断裂或消失、炎性细胞浸润、动脉粥样硬化改变、中膜SMC的凋亡变薄、细胞外基质纤维的排列紊乱、减少等变化是ISA发生发展的病理形态学基础。

From the early study of the pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia people have found its association with immunological function . In 1986 Ellis et al[1] had found that the extravillous chorionic cytotrophoblast contacting with the maternal tissue expressed high levels of Human leukocyte antigen-G, a major histocompatibility tissue-specific antigen . Extravillous chorionic cytotrophoblast with high levels expression of HLA-G proteins can invade the maternal deciduas and the maternal spiral arteries by displacing the endothelial lining and destroying most of the musculoelastic tissue of these arteries .

早期研究开始，许多学者即发现其与免疫学有密切关系，至1986年Ellis等[1]发现人类白细胞抗原(human leukocyte antigen，HLA) G分子高度表达在绒毛外滋养层细胞( extravillous cytotrophoblast，EVCT)上，即浸润至子宫蜕膜层甚至达子宫浅肌层以及子宫螺旋动脉内皮层，与母血及子宫组织直接接触的滋养细胞，这种独特的组织分布提示HLA-G分子在母胎免疫耐受方面起重要作用。

Since 1962, when Gross and Lapiere discovered the first MMPs-collagenase, man had discovered various of MMPs in succession, where MMP-2 has a strong degradational effect on extracellular matrix, it is secreted bymacrophage, smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells and so on.

自从 1962年 Gross和 Lapiere发现第一种基质金属蛋白酶一胶原酶以来，人类陆续发现了很多种基质金属蛋白酶，其中的MMP—2对细胞外基质具有极强的降解作用，它由巨噬细胞、平滑肌细胞以及内皮细胞等分泌，在动脉粥样硬化斑块中憎多时降解纤维帽及基底膜的胶原等基质成分，是使纤维帽变薄及加速动脉粥样硬化的重要因素之一。

Venous flow was redirected mainly via enlarged lumbar epidural, ascending lumbar, and paravertebral veins.

静脉回流已经重新经由扩张的腰部硬膜外，上行于腰动脉以及椎旁血管。

The IMT of carotid aorta, subclavicular aorta, common abdominal artery, and common femoral artery in 13 patients were showing various degrees of increase, yielding an average of 2.9 mm.

测定二组患儿血脂水平，并应用彩色多普勒超声显像仪观察FH患者外周动脉、腹腔动脉内中膜厚度、管腔狭窄程度、形态和功能等改变。

Using an epidural catheter placed at the level of T1-2 or T2-3, seven patients scheduled for awake CABG received TEA for total arterial myocardial revascularization after partial lower sternotomy.Six patients remained awake and spontaneously breathing during the entire procedure, but one required intraoperative intubation for respiratory distress caused by phrenic nerve palsy. Hemodynamics were stable throughout surgery without significant arterial hypercarbia. All patients rated TEA as "good" or "excellent."

七个患者被安排在清醒的CABG接受TEA，在部分下肢手术后，使用安置於 T1-2 或 T2-3 的硬膜外导管，以进行总动脉的心肌血管更换术，其中六名患者保持清醒，并且在手术过程中自然地呼吸，但是一位患者因为隔膜神经瘫痪导致呼吸困难，而需要进行手术中的插管，血液动力学在手术过程中是稳定的，并未发生动脉的血中二氧化碳含量过高，所有患者认为TEA是&良好或极佳的&。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。