动物细胞

What genetic change allowed multicellular animals to come into existence remains obscure.

什么样的遗传突变产生了多细胞的动物还不清楚。

They inhabit virtually all environments, including soil, water, organic matter, and the bodies of multicellular animals.

几乎可在所有的环境下生存，包括土壤、水、有机物质，以及多细胞动物体内。

Around this time the stromatolites began to decline, perhaps as they were being eaten by newly evolved multicellular animals.

在这个时期，叠层石开始衰退，可能是由于被新的多细胞动物所吞食的结果。

Since the introduction of IP concept by Mr. Murry in 1986,researchers have developed different protocols for various tissues and organs of different kinds of animals,leading to the conclusion that IP is a universal preservation method.

自从1986年Murry首次提出缺血预处理的概念以来，一些研究者用不同的预处理方法在不同种属动物的不同组织、器官上进行研究，均证实存在缺血预处理细胞保护作用的普遍性。

The Department primarily dedicates to education and research interest covering an extensive range of topics including cell and molecular biology, microbiology, genetics, mycology, plant biology, evolution, physiology, ecology, environmental biology, and animal behavior.

该系主要致力于生物学领域的教育和研究工作，学科领域覆盖了细胞和分子生物学、微生物学、遗传学、真菌学、植物生物学、进化学、生理学、生态学、环境生物学和动物行为等。

Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences is primarily dedicated to teaching and research in Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Agronomy, Animal Sciences, Plant Pathology, Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology, Veterinary Medicine, Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, Food and Resource Economics, Food Science and Human Nutrition, Entomology and Nematology.

该研究所主要致力于食品与农业科学及相关学科的与教学与研究，学科领域包括农？？？学、动物科学、植物病理学、植物分子与细胞生物学、兽医学、野生动植物生态学与保护、食品与资源经济、食品科学与人类营养、昆虫学与线虫学等。

Objective: To investigate the possibility of pathologic scars treated in endostatin , by observing the effects of endothelial cell and neogenesis capillary of pathologic scars treated in endostatin , through establishing models of hyperplastic scar in rabbit ear and injecting Endostatin .

目的：建立兔耳增生性瘢痕的动物模型，并采用内皮抑素局部在体干预，观察其对病理性瘢痕新生毛细血管及血管内皮细胞的影响，以探讨内皮抑素防治病理性瘢痕的可行性。

It was considered an effective and ideal model of PM.2 uPA,PAI-1 and TNF-αwere all involved in the pathogenesis of PM and participated in the process of the degeneration,apoptosis and necrosis of the diseased muscle.3 MMP-9 and TIMP-2 immunoreactivity were positive in the capillary,venous wall,arteriola endotheliocyte and neurilemma in the normal group skeletal muscle,but more intensive in EAM.They may aggravate the pathological changes of the muscle in human PM.

结论1兔纯化的肌球蛋白加含卡介苗的完全弗氏佐剂可仿制出人类多发性肌炎的理想动物模型。2 UPA、PAI-1和TNF-α参与多发性肌炎的肌纤维坏变过程。3 MMP-9和TIMP-2在正常肌肉组织中的毛细血管、静脉管壁、动脉肉皮细胞和神经鞘膜表达，在多发性肌炎中，参与加重肌纤维的坏变过程。

The larva-specific expression level of the function correlated to celluar components was the highest.The highest specific expression level of molecular function was appeared at neurula stage.A lot of functional specific expression about biological process was also appeared at neurula stage.7.The result showed that the pearson correlation coefficient was 0.896 compared between the sea urchin and Ciona savignyi.

进一步分析发现：在与细胞组件相关的功能特异性表达方面，幼体期的特异性表达量最高；在与分子功能活性相关的功能特异性表达中，神经胚时期的特异性表达量最高；而参与生物过程的功能特异性表达方面，神经胚时期的特异性表达量则最高。7不同物种间转录组分析显示尾索动物海鞘的转录组与棘皮动物海胆的最接近，其相关系数为0.896，而海胆与文昌鱼的相关系数只有0.682，结果表明在进化上文昌鱼可能与脊椎动物更接近。8运用Apache、php、MySQL技术搭建了Widows平台的文昌鱼EST分析数据库。

They are often morphologically distinct from A chromosomes, being smallerand more highly heterochromatic in most cases. B chromosomes do not pair with Achromosomes, and they are inherited in a non-Mendelian way, exhibiting meiotic andmitotic instability and nondisjunction. However, B chromosome DNA is quiteidentical to the corresponding sequence on the A chromosome complement. So far afew B chromosome specific DNA sequence have been identified. Specific DNAsequences on B chromosome have been the attractive research area on Bchromosomes.

现已在千余种植物和近三百种动物中被发现。B染色体与物种中正常染色体不同：独立于整倍体基因组之外，减数分裂时不与A染色体发生联会和配对，细胞分裂后期不分离，非孟德尔遗传，富含异染色质，不含对宿主主要性状有影响的基因等。B染色体DNA的分子组成既与A染色体极为相似，具有A染色体DNA分子组成的一般特征：富含重复序列和转座成分，染色体三大功能组件DNA高度同源；又与之相区别，含有B染色体特异的DNA序列，这些DNA序列可以为探讨B染色体的起源和进化提供有价值的信息。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。