动物实验的

Porcine was acted as the experimental animal. It was researched on problem of the origin of obtaining early embryonic cells, methods of separating blastomere cells, best parameter and order of ECNT embryo electric activation and system of ECNT embryo IVC, which was to find a scientific method of fitting ECNT and a procedure of fitting the lab producing embryos largely, optimize the procedure of ECNT and improve the ECNT embryo in vitro.

本实验以猪为实验动物，对猪胚胎细胞核移植供体的来源、卵裂球细胞分离方法、核移植重建胚的电激活最佳参数、核移植受体的激活时序以及核移植重建胚体外培养系统相关问题进行了研究，旨在探索一种适用于猪胚胎细胞核移植的科学方法，提高猪胚胎细胞核移植胚胎的体外发育率，优化胚胎细胞核移植程序。

Methods: 1. Experimental laparoscopic liver resection: We selected pigs as experimental models aiming to approach human beings physiological and anatomical condition. After CO2 pneumoperitoneum was established, the ligaments around liver were dissociated. Livers were cut off by the methods such as clamp dissection, microwave tissue coagulator, ultrasound dissector, Ligsure dissection, hand-assisted, short abdominal incision laparoscopy-assisted, and Endo-GIA switcher. The operation time and bleeding volume were compared between different methods of laparoscopic liver resection. The advantages and limitations of different methods were summarized. 2. Clinical laparoscopic liver resection: 15 cases with tumors in segment V of anterior right lobe or segments II, III of left lateral lobe or segment IV of left internal lobe were selected in this study. The liver diseases included hepatocellular cancer, hepatic cavernous hemangioma and hepatic focal nodular hyperplasia. The ligaments around liver were dissociated after CO2 pneumoperitoneum established. Laparoscopic liver resection were carried out by some of the methods combined such as clamp dissection, microwave tissue coagulator, hand-assisted, short abdominal incision laparoscopy-assisted, ultrasound dissector, rotation and suction dissector.

1、实验性腹腔镜肝切除：以猪为实验动物，旨在接近人体的生理、解剖环境下进行实验，建立操作空间后游离肝脏周围韧带，采用钳夹分离切肝法、微波刀切肝法、超声刀切肝法、Ligsure切肝法、手辅助腹腔镜肝切除法、小切口腹腔镜辅助切肝法、Endo-GIA切肝法等方法实施腹腔镜下肝切除，比较不同切肝方法的手术时间、出血量，总结各种方法的优越性及其局限性。2、临床腹腔镜肝切除：选择肿瘤位于肝右前叶第Ⅴ段、肝左外叶第Ⅱ、Ⅲ段及左内叶第Ⅳ段的15例患者，病种包括原发性肝癌、肝海绵状血管瘤、肝脏局灶性增生，建立气腹后游离肝脏周围韧带，采用钳夹分离断肝、微波刀固化后断肝、手辅助腹腔镜肝切除、小切口腹腔镜辅助肝切除、超声刀断肝、旋吸断肝等多种方法分离切线肝组织，暴露管道结构，再采用高频电凝、钛夹夹闭、缝扎止血、止血纱布覆盖、氩气刀止血、生物胶止血、Endo-GIA处理等多种方法相结合处理肝断面，统计手术完成情况、手术时间、手术出血量、术后并发症及术后住院时间等，评价腹腔镜肝切除的可行性及安全性。

The method of PCR-analyzed microsatellites can be used for distinguishing between inbred and outbred、different strains、strain and substrain.and it provides a lot of information for genetic mapping,gene location and heredity probe of the inbred rat strains,and a speedy、convenient method for genetic research of the inbred rat.

因此，本实验为开展近交系大鼠遗传作图、基因定位和为实验动物的遗传背景监测提供可靠的信息，为大鼠遗传基因的研究提供了一个快捷简便、特异准确的方法。

As to the detecting parts and hardware of zeitgeber, we adopt modelized designation, using different detecting models and collocating relative models of zeitgeber according to actual objects of study and requirements of experiments.

系统中检测部分和授时因子的硬件实现采用模块化设计，根据具体的实验动物和实验要求采用不同的检测模块并且配置相应的授时因子发生模块。

The change of 〓 signal resulted in the disturbance of function in hypothalamuspituitary-adrenal axis and declination of immunity, and then the occurrence of symptoms in kidney Yang deficiency. Tonifying kidney herbs probably exerted an effect by regulating 〓 of hypothalamus and lymphocyte of blood.

本研究用醋酸可的松肌肉注射复制了肾阳虚动物模型，动物的表征类似于中医的肾阳虚症状，与文献报道的肾阳虚证表现相一致，说明本实验建立的肾阳虚大鼠模型是成功的，可用的。

The cells of the third stratum were typical mast cells without the tidal line in rat cartilage, cells which arranged into pillar with the distinct tidal line in rabbit cartilage, large irregular cells and coenocytes with the obvious tidal line in human cartilage.

在软骨损伤和骨关节炎的实验研究中，多数研究是以兔和大鼠为实验动物，而且大部分教科书中的软骨组织学结构是以兔的软骨进行描述的。

Thirty-six rats ,weighing(250±10)g, were randomly divided into normal group, experimental group and control group.Orthodontical devices were put between the upper incisor teeth and dens molaris in both experimental group and control group.The corrective force was adjusted to 60g.Salvia miltiorrhiza combination was implanted to each rat in the experimental group every day.The animals of both experimental group and control group were killed at 7,14 and 21 days.The upper dens malarias and periodontal tissue slices were observed under the light microscope and transmission electro microscope,and the X-ray dental films were taken and measured with digitization dental scanning apparatus and its software.

以36只体重(250±10)g的雄性大鼠为样本，随机分为正常组、实验组和对照组，设定不同浓度丹参复合膜，以同体对照方式在正常组进行体内植入实验，在2周内观察不同浓度丹参的牙周组织诱导作用，寻找最佳应用浓度；在实验组和对照组的上切牙与磨牙之间隙安装正畸装置，建立大鼠磨牙移动实验模型，矫治力的大小为60g；实验组每日每只体内植入丹参复合生物膜，两组动物于正畸加力7、14、21d，分三批处死；处死后立即切取双侧上颌磨牙及牙周组织制取标本，制片透射电镜和光镜观察；拍摄X线牙片，用数字化牙科扫描仪及软件对其进行测量分析。

The corrective force was adjusted to 60g.Salvia miltiorrhiza combination was implanted to each rat in the experimental group every day.The animals of both experimental group and control group were killed at 7,14 and 21 days.The upper dens malarias and periodontal tissue slices were observed under the light microscope and transmission electro microscope,and the X-ray dental films were taken and measured with digitization dental scanning apparatus and its software.Result:The most fitting concentration of combined biological membrane was 0.80g;the speed of the remodeling of the periodontal tissue at the compression side in the experimental group was faster than that of the control group.

以36只体重(250±10)g的雄性大鼠为样本，随机分为正常组、实验组和对照组，设定不同浓度丹参复合膜，以同体对照方式在正常组进行体内植入实验，在2周内观察不同浓度丹参的牙周组织诱导作用，寻找最佳应用浓度；在实验组和对照组的上切牙与磨牙之间隙安装正畸装置，建立大鼠磨牙移动实验模型，矫治力的大小为60g；实验组每日每只体内植入丹参复合生物膜，两组动物于正畸加力7、14、21d，分三批处死；处死后立即切取双侧上颌磨牙及牙周组织制取标本，制片透射电镜和光镜观察；拍摄X线牙片，用数字化牙科扫描仪及软件对其进行测量分析。

Basing on the setup of animal model of root avulsion of the brachial plexus, we divided the experimental animal into four groups by the operative method: Group A: one end of the maternal nerve graft was connected with the upper trunk of the healthy side by end-to-side neurorrhaphy, and the other end was sutured to the distal stump of musculocutaneous nerve infraclevicularly by end-to-end neurorrhaphy. Goup B: on the healthy side, the operation was the same, the other end was sutured to the distal end of C〓 by end-to-end neurorrhaphy on the affected side. Group C: the maternal nerve graft bridged the phrenic nerve and infraclevicular musculocutaneous nerve of the affected side by end-to-end neurorrhaphy. Group D: the phrenic nerve was sutured to the distal end of C〓 supraclevicularly by end-to-end neurorrhaphy.

在构建了模拟小儿臂丛神经根性撕脱伤的动物模型基础上，将实验动物按手术方式分组如下，A组：母鼠提供的的神经移植体一端与子鼠健侧臂丛上干行端侧吻合，另一端与患侧已切断的锁骨下肌皮神经远端行端端吻合。B组：母鼠提供的的神经移植体一端与子鼠健侧臂丛上干行端侧吻合，另一端与患侧已切断的锁骨上颈〓远端行端端吻合。C组：母鼠提供的的神经移植体桥接于子鼠患侧膈神经与锁骨下肌皮神经之间。D组：子鼠患侧膈神经直接与锁骨上颈〓远端行端端吻合。

Thirty-six healthy white rabbits without any ocular disease and weighing 2.0 to 2.5 kg were used in this experiment.Twenty-one of them were divided equally at random into three experimental group,namely A、 B and C, numbering every white rabbit in respective experimental group.The corneal thickness of five white rabbits of remnant were measured and seven white rabbits of remnant were control group(the white rabbits without any ocular disease and taking lamellar keratoplasty under same breeding condition and same time),in addition three white rabbits were pre-emergency.

本实验选取体重在2.0-2.5kg左右并且无任何眼病的健康家兔36只作为实验动物，将其中21只随机均分为三个实验组，即A组、B组和C组，并且对各组家兔进行编号，再将余下15只中的5只用于角膜厚度的测量，7只作为对照组(即在相同饲养条件下及饲养期限内，无任何眼病并且未进行角膜移植的家兔)，3只备用。

By the time of its fall, most of the prisoners were writers who had written against the corruptions of the government.

到它被攻陷的时候，里面多数的犯人是写了反对政府贪污文章的作家。

The most obvious variation to ovum morphological character was that the color was changed from light green to sepiaceous in embryonic development, and all the ovums were almost hatched after 96h.

在胚胎发育过程中卵的形态特征最明显的变化是颜色从淡绿到深褐色，卵在发育96h后卵基本全部孵化。