动名词的

Am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat ...

它的基本含义是：通过反身代词指代主语，使施动者把动作在形式上反射到施动者自己。因此，反身代词与它所指代的名词或代词形成互指关系，在人称、性、数上保持一致。

That the throwing away of a piece of Canadian waterweed would have caused half the waterways of Britain to be blocked for a decade, or that the provision of pot cacti for lonely settlers' wives would have led to Eastern Australia being overrun with forests of Prickly Pear?

呵呵，我也搞不清到底是分词还是动名词，亦或是现在的语法书中是否区别。简便起见，就用to do或doing来说吧，前面用的to do比较令我困惑，如果我用，肯定直接用blocked，因为我感觉to be blocked有将来的意味（不是说这个动作和throwing away相比是将来吧，这个弯绕得太大了……），而后面一处却用了表示正在进行的being，不论出于哪种想法，在作者写作当时，这两个案例的情况都是类似的啊，用什么用不同形式的补足语呢？

Chapter 7 focuses on the asymmetries in the categorial shift between verb and noun, pointing out that these asymmetries are rooted in the conceptualasymmetry of verb and noun.

第七章研究动名相互转化中的种种不对称现象，分析不对称现象产生的根本原因在于动词和名词之间概念上的不对称。

Those within the scope had both nounal and verbal function. Thus they formed the peculiar"nounal-verbal part"in the parts of speech in Chinese before Qin Dynasty; And those beyond the scope were only used as verbs temporarily.

属于该活动范围的部分就是名动&兼类&词，它们形成了先秦汉语词类系统中独有的&名动词&；超出该范围的部分就是名词&活用&作动词。

When one considers the immense change in the size and reliability of computers and all other electronic devices that has taken place,it is clean that computers for doing this type of control of movement according to sense impression will certainly be available.

当我们考虑到计算机和其他所有电子器件在尺寸和可*性方面所发生的极大变化时，就不难明白，根据感觉进行这类活动控制的计算机一定会出现。for。。。movement是computers的定语，介词短语according to sense impression作状语，说明动名词doing。

When one considers the immense change in the size and reliability of computers and all other electronic devices that has taken place,it is clean that computers for doing this type of control of movement according to sense impression will certainly be available.

当我们考虑到计算机和其他所有电子器件在尺寸和可靠性方面所发生的极大变化时，就不难明白，根据感觉进行这类活动控制的计算机一定会出现。for。。。movement是computers的定语，介词短语according to sense impression作状语，说明动名词doing。

The second part argued one information of nominal "verb + noun". Action attributive nouns have to select verbal modifier.

第二部分论证了&动+名&偏正结构的成因之一：动作属性名词必然选择动词性定语。

Most Americans do not know much about gerunds or dangling participles or any of the other wonderful things that help us construct what we call language. Taiwanese probably know English grammar better than most native English speakers, but their English is very poor.

大多数的美国人并不清楚什麼叫做动名词等等这些文法词汇，或是任何关於学习一个语言的架构，台湾人或许还比许多以英语为母语的人更清楚英文文法，但是，台湾人的英文能力却普遍不好。

All over the word, the name liebherr stands for a technically advanced, benefit-oriented range of products and services.for the construction industry the extensive product program comprises construction cranes, truck and mobile cranes, crawler cranes, hydraulic excavators and hydraulic rope excavators, wheel loaders, crawler tractors and loaders, mining trucks, concrete mixing plant and truck mixers; liebherr's products for cargo handling include ship, offshore, container and mobile dock cranes; the machinery and plant range encompasses machine tools, material flow technology and engineering projects; the aircraft equipment comprises landing gear, actuation and air-management systems; transport technology equipment comprising air conditioner for tran rapid in shanghai and other trains; in the domestic appliances area, liebherr specializes in refrigerators and freezers, with a range of more than 300 principal models.

在全世界范围内，利勃海尔这一名词代表着先进的技术、高性能的产品和优质的服务。n用于建筑工业的产品有塔式起重机、轮胎式和汽车式起重机、履带式起重机、液压挖掘机和液压钢绳式挖掘机、轮式装载机、履带式推土机和履带式装载机、矿用自卸车、混凝土搅拌站和搅拌运输车等；利勃海尔用于货物转运的产品包括船用、钻井平台、集装箱式起重机；机械加工和工厂建设方面有机床、物流设备和工程项目；航空设备包括起落架、作动器和空气调节与管理系统、运输技术准备主要包括上海磁悬浮列车和其他火车用的空调器等；家用电器方面，利勃海尔专业生产基本型号达300余种的冷冻与冷藏设备。

The verb and noun sequence was extracted as the skeleton pattern to expand definition of QA pattern. In the learning process, a learning mechanism was established based on self-training. At first, the initial study was completed on a labeled QA pair, then the system would automatically select the reliable data for self training through searching in the Web while the system was running. The scoring method of the candidate answers was also improved by applying several heuristic rules.

通过挖掘Web文本中动、名词序列的骨架模式，用以扩充模式定义；将self-training学习机制引入问答模式学习：用一对训练语料进行初始学习，通过互联网搜索，自动选择可靠程度较高的问答对，重新训练；扩充了启发规则，改进候选答案的评分方法。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。