动力学的

The definitions of intrinsical linear nonholonomic constrain and intrinsical nonlinear nonholonomic constrain are put forward in this paper. The nonholonomic systems are divided into intrinsical linear nonholonomic system and intrinsical nonlinear nonholonomic system.The rational spectrums of all kinds of virtual displacement definitions and commutativity of d,?

本文研究了非完整动力学中使不定性问题确定化的交换关系和将非线性问题线性化的虚位移定义，首次证明并给出了在非完系统中各种虚位移定义与交换关系的合理适用范围，指出完整动力学与本质线性非完整动力学在研究方法上具有相同性。

According to elastodynamics theory, the dynamic model of machining the slender rod is founded by axial turn -milling, the calculation formula of the natural frequencies and the main vibration mode are ob- tained, and the dynamic response of the slender rod forced vibration is studied under simple harmonic excitation.

根据弹性体动力学理论，建立轴向车铣细长杆的动力学模型，得到了各阶固有频率和主振型的计算公式，分析了在简谐激励下细长杆强迫振动的动力学响应。

Based on water-entry dynamic and water-entry ballistic theories,the oblique water-entry process of disk ogive is simplified and a wetted correction factor is introduced in order to accord with the true water pile phenomena,and an oblique water-entry impact model coupled with ballistic and dynamic models are established.

以冲击体入水动力学和入水弹道学理论为基础，针对平头尖拱体入水冲击这个复杂物理现象，引入体现液面隆起现象的沾湿因子，用等效液面代替自由水平液面，建立了斜入水高速冲击的运动学和动力学冲击模型，其中动力学模型是根据平头尖拱体沾湿面的具体几何形状而建立。

Based on water-entry dynamic and water-entry ballistic theories, the oblique water-entry process of disk ogive is simplified and a wetted correction factor is introduced in order to accord with the true water pile phenomena, and an oblique water-entry impact model coupled with ballistic and dynamic models are established. According to the exact geometric shape of the wetted body surface, the dynamic model is established.

以冲击体入水动力学和入水弹道学理论为基础，针对平头尖拱体入水冲击这个复杂物理现象，引入体现液面隆起现象的沾湿因子，用等效液面代替自由水平液面，建立了斜入水高速冲击的运动学和动力学冲击模型，其中动力学模型是根据平头尖拱体沾湿面的具体几何形状而建立。

In Chapter 4, Short-time dynamic behavior of two-dimensional fully frustrated XY model near the Ising-like phase-transition temperature is studied with resistively shunted junction dynamics. The transition temperature and the dynamic and static critical exponents are estimated under both a periodic boundary condition and a fluctuating twist boundary condition using the short-time dynamic scaling analysis.

第四章应用电阻分流结动力学方法研究了完全阻挫XY模型在Ising型相变温度附近的短时动力学行为，运用短时动力学标度分析方法，我们得出了该模型在周期性边界条件下和涨落扭转边界条件下Ising型相变的临界温度和各种临界指数。

By regression of experimental data, therules of the linkage between these factors, which will provide a theoretical basis for designing BBP with different scales.3 Using thermal analysis technology and dynamic thermogravimetry, the paper studies combustion kinetic characteristics of 3 types of agricultural crops at different rate of temperature rise, and thus, achieved dynamic parameters of these fuels at different rate of temperature, established dynamic model of straw combustion, which reflects the dynamic process in the fast combustion area.4 Characteristics of straw briquette combustion was experimented, focusing on the impact of straw type, temperature, air supply, and density, diameter, and weight of briquette on the combustion speed, and the following conclusions were drawn:(1) combustion of straw briquette fuel is static permeation diffusion combustion;(2) temperature has a larger impact on the speed of straw briquette combustion than air supply; the higher the combustion temperature is, the faster volatilizable component separates out, and the less steady the combustion is;(3) density of briquette fuel has impact on the speed of volatilizable component separation and therefore the combustion speed;(4) increase of diameter and weight of briquette fuel increases the average combustion speed in the initial stage, and that in the later stages is comparatively steady;(5) the proportion of volatilizable component in straw briquette fuel is high, therefore, the temperature control during combustion under the rational ventilation condition is essential to ensure its safe combustion.5 Using the above-mentioned results of experiments and theoretical analysis, and based on thought of hydraulic driven and bi-direction compression, the hydraulic system and compression parts of the HBP BBP are re-designed in terms of industrialization.

利用热分析技术，采用动态热重实验法，对我国的三大农作物秸秆在不同升温速率下的燃烧动力学特性进行了较系统的研究。得到了各原料在不同升温速率下的动力学参数；建立了秸秆燃烧的动力学模型，该模型反映了秸秆迅速燃烧区的动力学过程。 4 对秸秆成型燃料的燃烧特性进行了试验研究。着重研究了秸秆河南农业大学博士学位论文巫的种类、温度、空气供给量、成型燃料密度、直径、质量对成型燃料燃烧速度的影响并得出如下主要结论：①秸秆成型燃料的燃烧方式属于静态渗透式扩散燃烧。②秸秆成型燃料燃烧速度受温度的影响大于通风量燃烧速度的影响：燃烧温度越高，挥发分析出速度越快，燃烧平稳性愈差。③成型燃料密度影响成型燃料挥发分的析出速度，影响燃烧速度。④成型燃料直径和质量的增加，使得燃烧初期的平均燃烧速度增大，中后期的平均燃烧速度相对平稳。⑤秸秆成型燃料含挥发分比例高，因此合理配风下的控温燃烧是保证其完全燃烧的关键。 5运用已取得的试验和理论分析结果，以液压驱动、双向成型为基础，从产业化的角度对HBP型成型机进行了液压系统和成型部件的改进设计；同时采用了二级预压机构，使该成型机的生产率达到 500kg.hd；单位能耗 60kwh。上'左右，磨损件修复周期 300小时左右，基本解决了影响生物质固化技术在国内推广的技术难题。

The ammonia volatilizing of fertilizer is suit to the dynamic equation as Y=a+bt, the coefficients in the equation are related to the kind of fertilizer, temperature and water content of soil, and the dynamic equation about ammonia volatilization including water and temperature and the is developed. In addition, the dynamic equation about ammonia fertilizer affected by interaction of water and temperature is gotten.

肥料氨累积挥发量符合零级反应动力学方程Y=a+bt，方程中系数与肥料种类、温度和土壤含水量有关，碳铵a、b值均比硫酸铵高，土壤含水量增大，a、b值降低，温度升高，a、b值增大，并由此得到含温度或土壤湿度因子的肥料氨挥发动力学方程，并建立了含水、热因子的肥料氨挥发水热耦合效应动力学方程。

The ammonia volatilizing of fertilizer is suit to the dynamic equation as Y=a+bt, the coefficients in the equation are related to the kind of fertilizer, temperature and water content of soil, and the dynamic equation about ammonia volatilization including water and temperature and the is developed.

肥料氨累积挥发量符合零级反应动力学方程Y=a+bt，方程中系数与肥料种类、温度和土壤含水量有关，碳铵a、b值均比硫酸铵高，土壤含水量增大，a、b值降低，温度升高，a、b值增大，并由此得到含温度或土壤湿度因子的肥料氨挥发动力学方程，并建立了含水、热因子的肥料氨挥发水热耦合效应动力学方程。

Moreover, the kinetics of the esterifieation reaction using ammonium molybdate as catalyst was studied. The result showed that the reaction was chemical reaction controlling. The rate equations were established, and the reaction models gave satisfactory result.

对钼酸铵为催化剂时2，6-NDCA甲酯化反应动力学进行了研究，结果表明，该反应属化学反应控制，根据实验结果，建立了反应的宏观动力学方程式，动力学模型有较好的拟合效果。

The ammonia volatilizing of fertilizer is suit to the dynamic equation as Y=a+bt, thecoefficients in the equation are related to the kind of fertilizer, temperature and water content of soil, and the dynamic equation about ammonia volatilization including water and temperature and the is developed.

肥料氨累积挥发量符合零级反应动力学方程Y=a+bt，方程中系数与肥料种类、温度和土壤含水量有关，碳铵a、b值均比硫酸铵高，土壤含水量增大，a、b值降低，温度升高，a、b值增大，并由此得到含温度或土壤湿度因子的肥料氨挥发动力学方程，并建立了含水、热因子的肥料氨挥发水热耦合效应动力学方程。

I am accused of being overreligious," she said in her quiet, frank manner,"but that does not prevent me thinking the children very cruel who obstinately commit such suicide.""

客人们在卡罗利娜·埃凯家里，举止就文雅一些，因为卡罗利娜的母亲治家很严厉。

Designed by French fashion house Herm è s, this elegant uniform was manufactured in our home, Hong Kong, and was the first without a hat.

由著名品牌 Herm è s 设计，这件高贵的制服是香港本土制造，是我们第一套不配帽子的制服。