动力学变量

The adjoint variable method for design sensitivity analysis of multibody system dynamics based on ordinary differential equations is presented.

基于常微分方程数学模型建立了多体系统动力学设计灵敏度分析的伴随变量方法。

On the basis of this design, the kinematics is analyzed and the relationship between arthrosis parameters and manipulator space in position, speed and acceleration is given.

在此基础上，对物料抓取机械手运动学和动力学进行了分析和设计，得出了关节变量和操作空间在位置、速度以及加速度之间的对应关系。

Finally, to understand and reproduce the results of numerical simulations, we propose a phenomenological noise driven equations describing evolutions of macroscopic variables under the assumption of local energy equipartition and the fluctuation-dissipation theorem. The numerical results of the stochastic equations and those of numerical results from the original Hamiltonian dynamics coincide with each other very well.

最后，为了理解和重现数值模拟的结果，我们通过局域能量均分假设和涨落耗散定理，建立了一个由噪声驱动的宏观变量演化的唯象动力学方程。

Using of the biomechanical method and the dynamical method , with control and without control of the same action redundancy free degree as stimulus variable , with the minus of explosive strength as dependent variable , compary with different sections testing results , qualitative and quantitative evaluation to jumpping movement coordinative ability.

运用生物力学方法与人体运动的动力学方法，以相同动作冗余自由度的控制与不控制作为刺激变量，以动作爆发力表现水平的差值为因变量，通过对两组不同水平被试测验成绩的比较，对跳跃专项动作协调能力进行了定性与定量评价。

In the case of simply supported ends, the Galerkin method is used to simplify the integro-partial-differential equation into an integro -differential equation. The equation is further simplified into a set of ordinary differential equations by introducing an additional variable. Finally, the numerical methods in modern nonlinear dynamics such as phase plane trajectory, power spectrum and Lyapunov exponents are adopted to investigate the dynamical behavior of the beam.

对于两端简支的情形，采用Galerkin方法简化为常微分－积分方程；然后通过引进附加变量的方法进一步简化为常微分方程；最后利用相平面图、功率谱和Lyapunov指数等非线性动力学中的数值方法识别梁的动力学行为。

Because of the nonuniqueness in the positional solution, it's not easy to test the performance of the coordinated control system. So the model of NN was built to convert the vector of the length of 6 jars into the vector of the position of the motion deck. It's fast and accurate for the lengthwise direction. The state space system model of the six degree freedom motion simulator was built by the equations of electrodraulic servo mechanism and the multi-body dynamics equation of the six degree freedom motion simulator,the vector of the length of 6 jars was the control variable.

本文结合六自由度运动模拟器的多体动力学方程和电液伺服驱动机构的特性，经简化得出了具有实际意义的六自由度运动模拟器整体系统的状态空间方程式，通过分析该系统的稳定条件和能控性，采用状态反馈对系统的状态方程式进行合理配置，从而建立了以运动模拟器杆长向量为控制变量的运动模拟器整体控制系统，并将该控制系统输出的杆长向量转换为位置向量。

The propagation matrix method used widely in stratified media is extended to laterally inho-mogeneous media,and a numerical method known as generalized propagation matrix method for simulating elastic seismic wave propagation in inhomogeneous media is presented by using mixed variable elastic wave equation and matrix exponent solution of system of linear ordinary differential equations.

应用混合变量弹性动力学方程和线性常微分方程组的矩阵指数解法，将层状介质中广泛应用的弹性波传播矩阵解法推广至横向非均匀介质，给出了一种可计算复杂地质体中弹性波传播的广义传播矩阵数值解法。

On the basis of other scholoar's research, the author makes systematic、complete and throughgoing research on characteristics and predication of strata movement for the first time in this paper. The creative work makes up land space in domestic and abroad. The author's major work are as follows: 1 According Haken's synergetics view, the author researches the non—linear self —organized evolving process of refeeding, hybriding and cooperating features of internal varables of the roof movement for the first time, and makes an important conclusion that it will appear chaos at the critical state.

本文在前人研究的基础之上，初步用非线动力学的观点，对岩层运动的动力学特征及预测方法进行了较全面、系统的研究，主要工作如下： 1 根据Haken的协同论观点，初步研究了顶板运动过程中系统内部变量的反馈、耦合、协作的非线性自组织演化过程，得到了顶板运动在突变的临界状态呈现出弱混沌性，其力学行为难以准确预测的结论，较好地解释了岩层突变灾害预测困难的内在原因，并为选择合理的预报时刻，提供了依据。

PartⅢDiagnostic strategy of Breast Lesion using combination of dynamic contrast-enhanced and diffusion-weighted imagingPurpose:To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of a combination of dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging and diffusion-weighted MR imaging in characterization of breast lesion and to find the strongest discriminators between malignancy and benignancy.Materials and Methods:223 patients with 236 pathology-confirmed breast lesions were examined using EPI-DWI,FSE-T2WI,SE-T1WI,DCE-MR imaging were performed using VIBRANT sequence.

第三部分磁共振动态增强扫描结合扩散加权成像诊断乳腺癌的策略研究目的：分析乳腺良、恶性病变的形态学表现、血流动力学表现，结合ADC值，采用单变量和多变量分析，挖掘有意义的恶性MR征象，制定乳腺癌的诊断策略，探讨动态增强MR(dynamic contrast-enhanced MR imaging，DCE-MRI)结合DWI对乳腺病变的诊断和鉴别诊断价值。

MR images was analyzed include tumor shape,margin, internal enhancement characteristics,distribution,and time-signal intensity curves,maximam enhancement ratio,early enhancement ratio and so on.The ADCs of lesions were calculated on ADC maps.Univariate and multivariate analysis of MR imaging data were performed to find the strongest discriminators and the Logestic regression model was established to predict the probabilities for malignancy.

由放射科医生采用双盲法阅片，根据乳腺MR影像报告及数据系统(BI-RADS MRI)，将病变按照不同形态学表现分为肿块和非肿块性病变两组，分析形态学表现(形状、边缘、分布特征、内部增强特征)、血流动力学表现(时间-信号强度曲线类型、最大增强率、达峰时间、早期增强率)，并结合ADC值，应用SPSS15.0软件进行单变量及多变量分析，挖掘有意义恶性征象，建立回归模型，计算其敏感性、特异性、准确性、阳性预测值和阴性预测值。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。