动力学

For there is no concrete mathematical expression to describe its complicate inner working process and theoretical calculation, and the movement of piston is a kind of nonlinear variable accelerated motion, we have to resort to computer technique to do theoretical research work.

油压夯管锤是高能量输出的油压马达，其工作性质是建立在流体力学、液压传动、运动学、动力学、机械学、波动力学等多学科基础上的流体机械，其内部工作过程和理论计算比较复杂，没有显示的数学表达式，而活塞的运动又是一种非线性的变加速的运动过程，因而，其理论研究必须借助电子计算机。

Dyes ; hydrolysis ; alcoholysis ; kinetics ; CNDO/2; molecular mechanics ; reactive dyes

染料；水解反应；醇解反应；动力学； CNDO/2；分子力学；活性染料

Orthotropic anisotropic body ; dynamics ; self-similar ; analytical solutions

正交异性体；动力学；自相似；解析解

Keywords: high speed train; modelling; stability; dynamics; continuation method.

中文关键词：高速列车；建模；稳定性；动力学；延续算法

Extra-low oxygen steel ; CaO crucible ; vacuum deoxidization ; dynamics

超低氧钢；氧化钙坩埚；真空脱氧；动力学

Basing on reading lots of reference materials, the author of this paper systemically analyses the kinematics, dynamics, dead reckoning of the robot which is designed by author.

在阅读大量的文献基础上，本文理论联系实际，针对所设计的机器人形式，进行了机器人的运动学、动力学、位姿推测等方面系统深入的研究。

Simulation studies of precipitation of oxides, internal oxidation and its transition to external oxidation, thermodynamics, kinetics and structural development in surface nitridation of steels, and their dependance on materials chemistry or process parameters, have been carried out with the model and the program.

就合金中氧化物沉淀，合金内氧化及其向外氧化的转折，合金钢的表面氮化等过程的热力学、动力学、组织演变以及各种材料与工艺参数对它们的影响进行了计算机模拟试验。

Dynamics ; Differential cross section ; Reactions

动力学；微分截面；反应

RESULTS:All items in the gutta were unfully achieved the administration and regulation of dispensatory and label,such as warming words,the date of authorization,adverse effects,taboo,announcements,information for pregnant and lactation women,children,gerontism,and interaction,overdose,kinesics,antiseptics about the medicine.Instruction of import gutta （average mark rates are 80%）were better than that of native(average mark rates are 63%).

结果：滴眼液说明书中警示语、核准日期、不良反应、禁忌、注意事项、孕妇及哺乳期妇女用药、儿童用药、老年用药、药物相互作用、药物过量、动力学、防腐剂这几个项目均未完全达到《药品说明书和标签管理规定》，进口滴眼液的说明书（平均标注率为80%）优于国产滴眼液（平均标注率为63%）。

Five novel torsion-mirror optical actuators including double-beam thickness differential structure with single torsional axis, double flexible folded-beam structure with single torsional axis, double-beam vertical torsion comb structure with single torsion axis, four-beam differential compound-micromirror structure with double torsional axis and the combined structure of the four basis forms above, are brought forward. All of these devices could be fabricated by the same silicon micromachining process we have developed. The deformation compensation design with local enhancement for the thin torsional beam which is the key structure of these devices is also put forward to improve the reliability. The three-dimension solid model and two-dimension reduced order model of the torsion-mirror optical actuator are established and then the numerical simulations for evaluating the device characteristics of the statics, dynamics, electrostatic field, mechanical and electrostatic coupling, fluid and solid coupling are carried out to optimize the structure design. Furthermore, three optical fibre clamping structures which could be integrated monolithicly are designed and analyzed to improve the optical coupling capability. 4. Three flexible process flows combined with bulk silicon micromachining and surface silicon micromachining are brought forward to fabricate these novel single-crystal silicon or polysilicon torsion-mirror optical actuators by using the same lithography masks for both SOI wafer and regular silicon wafer. A series of important process experiments are carried out to optimize the process parameters and the process flows. Some novel and typical process phenomena which occurred during the microfabrication are analyzed and then the corresponding solutions are put forward. 5. A MEMS dynamic testing system which exploit blur image synthetic technique, stroboscopic image matching technique, stroboscopic mirau microscopic interferometry technique and microscopic laser dopper vibrometer technique is set up to measure three-dimension and six-freedom micro motions of any MEMS devices with nanometer resolution.

在对硅微机械扭转镜光致动器的光机电特性系统地理论研究的基础上提出了硅微机械扭转镜光致动器的结构设计准则。3、提出了单轴双梁厚度差分结构、单轴双柔性折叠梁结构、单轴双梁垂直扭转梳齿结构、双轴四梁差动复合微镜结构以及以上四种基本结构组合后的衍生结构等五种工艺加工技术兼容的新型的硅微机械扭转镜光致动器，对器件关键结构薄厚度、高耐疲劳扭转梁进行了局部加强的变形补偿设计，建立了器件的三维实体模型以及两维降阶模型，对提出的新结构硅微机械扭转镜光致动器进行了系统的静力学、动力学、静电场、力电耦合和流体固体耦合的建模仿真与优化设计，同时设计并分析了三种可实现单芯片集成的弹性光纤定位夹紧结构。4、提出了组合体硅微加工技术与表面硅微加工技术、兼容同一套光刻版图、可分别基于SOI 晶片和普通Si 晶片、适应于制造提出的各种新结构单晶硅和多晶硅硅微机械扭转镜光致动器的三套柔性加工工艺流程，开展了一系列重要工艺步骤的单项工艺试验，对工艺流程与工艺参数进行了优化，针对加工过程中出现的具有普遍意义的典型工艺问题进行了讨论和分析，并提出了解决方法。5、创新性地将模糊图像合成技术、频闪图像匹配技术、频闪Mirau 显微干涉技术与显微激光多普勒测振技术有机结合，建立起了一套周期运动测量与瞬态运动测量相结合、单点运动测量与全视场运动测量相结合、满足不同MEMS 器件各种动态测试要求的集成的MEMS 三维六自由度微运动精密测量系统。

The circulation, consumption and reproduction of the trilogy have not only testified to its historical significance and literariness, but also invested it with new meanings.

该三部曲的流通、消费与再生产不仅验证了其历史意义及文学性，而切还赋予它以新的意义。

If he thought that he could buy me off, he would be wrong.

如果他认为他可以收买我，那他就大错特错了。